Yew-Kwang Ng

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Yew-Kwang Ng ( Chinese abbreviations: 黄有光; * 1942 in Malaysia) is professor of economics at Fudan University in Shanghai. In addition to economics, he has published in a number of other academic disciplines and is best known for his research in welfare economics .

Education and Academic Career

Ng graduated from Nanyang University in 1966 with a Bachelor of Commerce and received his PhD from Sydney University in 1971. Since 1981 he has been a Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences in Australia . Between 1985 and 2012 he was professor of economics at Monash University and is now a professor emeritus. Between 2013 and 2019, Ng held the Winsemius Chair in the Department of Economics at Nanyang University of Technology . In July 2019, Ng took a position as Professor of Economics at Fudan University in Shanghai.

research

Ng has written or co-authored more than 30 books and published more than two hundred academic articles in the fields of economics , biology , mathematics , philosophy , cosmology , psychology, and sociology . He suggested introducing welfare biology as an academic discipline.

Economics

Ng is known for his research in welfare economics and a large part of his scientific publications can be assigned to this field.

He wrote his first book on this subject in 1979, Welfare Economics: Introduction and Development of Basic Concepts (German: Welfare Economics: Introduction and Development of Basic Concepts ). Within welfare economics he is particularly known for his work on social choice theory and economic happiness research. In numerous publications he defended the view that the economic benefit is both cardinally measurable and also interpersonal comparable.

Ng coined the term mesoeconomics and helped establish it as a simplified version of the general equilibrium model with micro and macro elements. As a method, it is used to study the effects of imperfect competition on macroeconomics. It has been argued that mesoeconomics "tends to produce results that are more in line with empirical evidence than any of the competing macroeconomic models."

Ng contributed to the development of the field of inframarginal economic theory, which "offers an analytical framework (...) to reconcile the focus of neoclassical economics on distribution with the considerations of classical economists (...) on the division of labor . " He worked with the economist Xiaokai Yang on this topic and in 1993 they jointly published the book Specialization and Economic Organization: A New Classical Microeconomic Framework , which was written as " the neoclassical economic theory "challenged" credibly.

Moral philosophy

In moral philosophy, Ng takes the consequentialist position of hedonistic utilitarianism . He has defended this view in numerous scientific publications, some of them in collaboration with the utilitarian moral philosopher Peter Singer . He advocates this position in his book Efficiency, Equality, and Public Policy from 2000.

Based on his early academic work on animal welfare , global disaster risk , and the measurement of well-being, Ng is credited with developing many ideas that later became incorporated into the philosophy of effective altruism . In a 2020 academic publication, Ng analyzes the implications of second best economic theory for effective altruism, arguing that we live in a third best world.

Awards and honors

Ng has received multiple awards for his research. In 2007 he was made an Honorary Fellow of the Economic Society of Australia, the Society's highest honor. In the recognition of this award he was described as "one of the most important and internationally best-known economists in Australia". According to the Nobel Prize winner in economics, Kenneth Arrow , Ng is "one of the leading economic theorists of his generation" and the Nobel Prize winner James Buchanan has attested him to have "made important contributions to theoretical welfare economics".

After NG's retirement from Monash University, he was recognized as an honorary member by the Department of Economics. With Ng's research interests in mind , he was appointed to the Scientific Advisory Board of the Global Priorities Institute at the University of Oxford .

Bibliography (selection)

Scientific Article

  • 1982. "A Micro Macro Economic Analysis Based on a Representative Firm," Economica , NS, 49 (194), pp 121 -139.
  • 1984. "Quasi-Pareto Social Improvements," American Economic Review , 74 (5), p p. 1033 -1050.
  • 1990. "Welfarism and Utilitarianism: A Rehabilitation": Utilitas 2 (2): pp. 171-193. Abstract.
  • 1992. "Business Confidence and Depression Prevention: A Mesoeconomic Perspective," American Economic Review , 82 (2), pp 365 -371.
  • 1995. "Towards Welfare Biology: Evolutionary Economics of Animal Consciousness and Suffering," Biology and Philosophy , 10 (3), pp. 255-285. Abstract.
  • 1997. "A Case for Happiness, Cardinalism, and Interpersonal Comparability," Economic Journal , 107 (445), p 1848 -1858.
  • 1999. Utility, informed preference, or happiness: Following Harsanyi's argument to its logical conclusion, Social Choice and Welfare , 16, pp. 197-216. Abstract.
  • 2001. "Welfare-reducing Growth Despite Individual and Government Optimization," Social Choice and Welfare , 18 (3), pp. 497-506 with Siang Ng. Abstract.
  • 2001. "Is Public Spending Good for You ?," World Economics , 2 (2), pp. 1–17, with Harold Bierman. Abstract.
  • 2003. "From Preference to Happiness: Towards a More Complete Welfare Economics, Social Choice and Welfare , 20 (2), pp. 307-350. Abstract.
  • 2006. "Population Dynamics and Animal Welfare: Issues Raised by the Culling of Kangaroos in Puckapunyal," Social Choice and Welfare, 27 (2), pp. 407-422, with Matthew Clarke.
  • 2007. "Eternal Coase and External Costs: A Case for Bilateral Taxation and Amenity Rights, European Journal of Political Economy , 23 (3), pp. 641-659. Abstract.
  • 2011. "Happiness Is Absolute, Universal, Ultimate, Unidimensional, Cardinally Measurable and Interpersonally Comparable: A Basis for the Environmentally Responsible Happy Nation Index," Monash Economics Working Papers 16-11. Abstract.
  • 2011. "Consumption tradeoff vs. catastrophes avoidance: implications of some recent results in happiness studies on the economics of climate change," Climatic Change , 105: 109. Abstract.
  • 2016. "How welfare biology and common sense may help to reduce animal suffering," Animal Sentience , 7th abstract.
  • 2016. "The Importance of Global Extinction in Climate Change Policy," Global Policy , 7 (3), pp. 315-322. Abstract.
  • 2017. "Towards a Theory of Third-Best," Pacific Economic Review , 22 (2), pp. 155-166. Abstract .
  • 2020. "Effective altruism despite the second-best challenge: Should indirect effects Be taken into account for policies for a better future ?," Futures , 121. Abstract .

Books

  • 1979 and 1983. Welfare Economics (London: Macmillan),
  • 1986. Mesoeconomics: A Micro-Macro Analysis (London: Wheatsheaf)
  • 1990. Social Welfare and Economic Policy (London: Wheatsheaf)
  • 1993. Specialization and Economic Organization (Amsterdam: North-Holland, with X. Yang)
  • 1994. The Unparalleled Mystery (Beijing: Writers Press).
  • 1998. Increasing Returns and Economic Analysis, ed. With Kenneth Arrow and X. Yang (London: Macmillan).
  • 1999. Economics and Happiness (Collected Scientific Articles in Chinese) (Taipei: Maw Chang)
  • 2000. Efficiency, Equality, and Public Policy: With a Case for Higher Public Spending (London: Macmillan)
  • 2011. Mistakes in Economics by the Public, Students, Economists and Nobel Laureates (New York: Nova Science Publishers)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Yew-Kwang Ng 黃有光. (No longer available online.) Fudan University, School of Economics, archived from the original on July 5, 2020 ; accessed on July 5, 2020 .
  2. ^ Yew-Kwang Ng: Yew-Kwang Ng 黃有光. (No longer available online.) In: Nanyang Technological University. Archived from the original ; accessed on July 28, 2018 (English).
  3. ^ Yew-Kwang Ng: Curriculum Vitae. (PDF) (No longer available online.) In: Nanyang Technological University. Archived from the original ; accessed on July 28, 2018 (English).
  4. ^ Yew-Kwang Ng: Publications. (No longer available online.) In: Nanyang Technological University. Archived from the original ; accessed on July 28, 2018 (English).
  5. ^ Yew-Kwang Ng: Towards welfare biology: Evolutionary economics of animal consciousness and suffering . In: Biology and Philosophy . tape 10 , no. 3 , July 1995, p. 255-285 , doi : 10.1007 / BF00852469 .
  6. ↑ a b c d e f g W. Max Corden, Peter Forsyth, Christis G. Tombazos: Tribute Distinguished Fellow of the Economic Society of Australia, 2007: Yew-Kwang Ng . In: The Economic Society of Australia (Ed.): The Economic Record . tape 84 , no. 265 , June 2008, p. 267–272 , doi : 10.1111 / j.1475-4932.2008.00467.x (English, archive.org [PDF]).
  7. ^ Yew-Kwang Ng: Welfare Economics: Introduction and Development of Basic Concepts . Palgrave Macmillan, London 1979, ISBN 978-0-333-24296-4 .
  8. ^ Yew-Kwang Ng: A Case for Happiness, Cardinalism, and Interpersonal Comparability . In: Blackwell (Ed.): The Economic Journal . 107, November 1997, pp. 1848-1858.
  9. ^ Yew-Kwang Ng: Mesoeconomics: A Micro - Macro Analysis . St. Martin's Press, New York 1986, ISBN 0-312-53069-2 .
  10. ^ Yew-Kwang Ng, Xiaokai Yang: Specialization and Economic Organization: A New Classical Microeconomic Framework . North Holland, Amsterdam 1993, ISBN 978-1-4832-9682-1 .
  11. ^ Yew-Kwang Ng, Peter Singer: An Argument for Utilitarianism . In: Canadian Journal of Philosophy . 11, No. 2, June 1981, pp. 229-239. JSTOR 40231194 .
  12. ↑ Yew-Kwang Ng, Peter Singer: Ng and Singer on Utilitarianism: A Reply . In: Canadian Journal of Philosophy . 13, No. 2, June 1983, pp. 241-242. JSTOR 40231317 .
  13. ^ Yew-Kwang Ng: Efficiency, Equality and Public Policy: With A Case for Higher Public Spending . Palgrave Macmillan, London 2000, ISBN 978-1-349-39897-3 , doi : 10.1057 / 9780333992777 .
  14. ↑ Robert Wiblin, Keiran Harris: Prof Yew-Kwang Ng is a visionary economist who anticipated many key ideas in effective altruism Decades ago. Here's his take on ethics and how to create a much happier world. (No longer available online.) 80,000 Hours, July 26, 2018, archived from the original ; accessed on July 28, 2018 (English).
  15. ↑ Yew-Kwang Ng: Effective altruism despite the second-best challenge: Should indirect effects Be taken into account for policies for a better future? In: Futures . tape 121 , doi : 10.1016 / j.futures.2020.102568 .
  16. ^ Distinguished Fellow Award. (No longer available online.) The Economic Society of Australia, archived from the original ; accessed on July 28, 2018 (English).
  17. ^ Honorary and adjunct appointments. Monash University, accessed July 28, 2018 .
  18. ↑ People. (No longer available online.) In: Global Priorities Institute, University of Oxford. Archived from the original ; accessed on July 5, 2020 .
personal data
SURNAME Ng, Yew-Kwang
ALTERNATIVE NAMES 黄有光 (Chinese)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION economist
DATE OF BIRTH 1942
PLACE OF BIRTH Malaysia