Yoshiharu Tsuge

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Yoshiharu Tsuge ( Japanese つ げ 義 春 , actually 柘 植 義 春 , Tsuge Yoshiharu ; born October 31, 1937 in Katsushika , Tokyo Prefecture , Japan ) is a Japanese manga artist . He is considered one of the most important artists of the alternative manga . Most of his works are based on autobiographical experiences or dreams.

Life

Tsuge was born in 1937 in Katsushika , a district of Tokyo , the second of three children. His childhood was very unhappy under the ravages of World War II . The father died in 1942, the mother remarried a short time later. Because the family suffered from poverty, Tsuge had to start working after graduating from elementary school. At fourteen he tried to get into the United States as a stowaway on a ship, but was caught and handed over to the police before the ship left; he spent one night in jail.

In 1954 he began drawing mangas for lending libraries. These libraries gave their artists artistic freedom and were the only alternative to the commercial manga market, which in the 1950s was aimed exclusively at children. In these early works he was influenced by dark and realistic comics ( Gekiga ) as well as by Osamu Tezuka . When the libraries closed in the 1960s, he was unemployed and depressed. A suicide attempt failed; he paid his living and debts by donating blood.

In 1964 Katsuichi Nagai founded the alternative manga magazine Garo together with the mangaka Sanpei Shirato . This magazine was looking for new talent and came across Tsuge. He finally published his first story in Garo in 1965 with Uwasa no Bushi and worked temporarily as an assistant to Shigeru Mizuki . In 1966, the manga Numa drawn by Tsuge for Garo caused a sensation. Readers were irritated by Tsuge's depiction of the erotic and the open ending. When his next short story, Chiko , was perceived as too strange, his publications became rarer. In 1967, however, critics began to pay close attention to his works and to refer to them as "art". As a result, he found pleasure in drawing again and published many new manga; In 1968 a separate edition of Garo was dedicated to him, for which he drew his famous Nejishiki . In the following years the manga was celebrated as a revolutionary, and his stories achieved cult status.

In the 1980s, his stories focused on his personal life and even published parts of his diary. In 1987, Tsuge retired from the manga business after the Baku Comic Magazine, for which he drew his last work, was closed and he was again struggling with anxiety attacks and depression.

effect

Tsuge had a great influence both on other artists of the manga subculture ( e.g. Hideshi Hino and Suehiro Maruo ), as well as on mangaka in the commercial manga market. The popularity of Tsuge, Garo magazine and Gekiga, for example, helped Osamu Tezuka to reorientate himself in the 1960s.

Tsuge's manga are still popular in Japan, thanks in part to the filming of Tsuge's stories for cinema and television. Outside of Japan, Tsuge's work has received little attention so far. The Red Blossoms Collection was published in German by Reprodukt in 2019 , and Der uslose Mann has been announced for 2020 . Muno no Hito is published in French under the title l'Homme sans Talent and was nominated for the Prix ​​du meilleur album at the Festival International de la Bande Dessinée d'Angoulême in 2005.

Works (selection)

  • Hannin wa dare there !! ( 犯人 は 誰 だ !! , “Who is the culprit !!”), 1954
  • Uwasa no Bushi ( 噂 の 武士 , "Samurai whose rumor spreads"), 1965
  • Chīko ( チ ー コ ), 1966
  • Hatsutake gari ( 初 茸 が り , “first mushroom picking of the season”), 1966
  • Numa ( 沼 , "swamp"), 1966
  • Umibe no Jokei ( 海 辺 の 叙 景 , "Scene on the Beach"), 1967
  • Akai Hana ( 紅 い 花 , "Red Flowers"), 1967
  • Ri-san Ikka ( 李 さ ん 一家 , "The Family of Mr. Lee"), 1967
  • Nejishiki (ね じ 式 , "With a screw"), 1968
  • Gensen-kan Shujin ( ゲ ン セ ン カ ン 主人 , "Lord of the Hotel Gensenkan"), 1968
  • Realism no Yado ( リ ア リ ズ ム の 宿 , "Inn of Realism"), 1973
  • Yoshio no Seishun ( 義 男 の 青春 , "Yoshio's youth"), 1974
  • Hissatsu suru mekome ( 必殺 す る め 固 め , "Deadly Technique Surume-Gatame"), 1979
  • Munō no Hito ( 無能 の 人 , "man without ability"), 1985
  • Betsuri ( 別離 , “Farewell”), 1987

In German

  • Red flowers. 20 short stories; from the Japanese by John Schmitt-Weigand. Reprodukt-Verlag, Berlin 2019, ISBN 978-3-95640-191-6

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Author page at Reprodukt (accessed Jan. 2020)
  2. ↑ Alexander Braun in conversation with Shanli Anwar: White spot in the manga story filled , deutschlandfunkkultur.de, published and accessed on December 16, 2019
personal data
SURNAME Tsuge, Yoshiharu
ALTERNATIVE NAMES つ げ 義 春 (Japanese, stage name); 柘 植 義 春 (Japanese, real name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Japanese manga artist
DATE OF BIRTH October 31, 1937
PLACE OF BIRTH Katsushika , Tokyo