Yramos

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The Yramos was a cigarette factory that was registered as a company in 1922. The company was " Aryanized " in 1937/38 and run as a subsidiary of Richard Greiling AG , which in turn was majority owned by the Reemtsma Group . After all trademark rights were transferred from Yramos to Reemtsma , the company name was deleted from the commercial register in 1941.

history

In 1890 Julius Lewin's father founded a cigarette and tobacco factory in Gollub ( West Prussia province ), which he joined and later took over. After participating in the First World War , he moved this company to Dresden on Freiberger Strasse in 1919. The background was the better economic prospects, but also because it was foreseeable that the provisions of the Versailles Treaty would give Gollub to Poland.

Since 1922 Lewin called the Oriental Tobacco and Cigarette Factory "Yramos" Julius Lewin (simplified, also in advertisements etc. only as Yramos ), which had a respectable position with quality and branded cigarettes (about 500 million cigarettes annual production). The company always advertised with the slogan that Yramos was "trust and group free", i. H. was an independent company.

In the 1920s, his son Hermann Lewin became a co-owner. This turned out to be particularly valuable, because he had developed into an excellent tobacco connoisseur and was able to consolidate the company's position primarily through quality cigarettes. In 1932 the company moved to Wilhelm Lande's former cigarette factory at Striesener Laubestrasse 24.

Here Yramos employed around 200 workers and employees in production. Around 40 external representatives were responsible for sales. The sales took place mainly in Saxony, Thuringia, Silesia and in the Hanover area. Cigarettes that were light in aroma were mainly produced, the most successful of which were the Turkish-8 , Avus , Senat and Bayerngold brands . The contemporary marketing of this company was also the publication of collector's pictures. Card games and glass ashtrays were also used. With “Deutsche Heimat” and “Olympiade 1936”, each with 16 volumes, these were quite remarkable for a medium-sized company.

Since both Lewins were religious, there was no work on Saturday and the Sabbath rest was observed. The 48 hours per week that were customary at the time were divided into a five-day week.

Despite the boycott after the National Socialist seizure of power , Hermann and Julius Lewin tried to continue the company, even though it was no longer possible to buy first-class raw tobacco. Nevertheless, he joined the cigarette industry interest group . Despite the unfavorable conditions, a guaranteed market quota (300 million units per year) was initially planned for the company. Between 1936 and 1937, however, sales fell from 88 million to 42 million units. At the end of 1937 he agreed with his son to sell the company, which employed many Jews, after a Gestapo raid.

In March 1938, the Reemtsma group bought the company and the Nazi state confiscated the purchase price. The Yramos company was initially continued as a subsidiary of Richard Greiling AG , now as Yramos GmbH . The new ownership structure was overstamped (“Attention, purely Aryan company from April 1st”).

After the trademark rights were transferred to what was now Richard Greiling KG in 1941 , the company name of Yramos was deleted from the commercial register.

Cigarette production continued until the end of the Second World War. After 1945 the company was nationalized and run as a branch of the VEB Vereinigte Dresdner Zigarettenfabriken . In 1990 production was stopped and the Laubestrasse 24 location was given up.

literature

  • Erik Lindner: Jewish entrepreneurs in the Dresden cigarette industry . In: Dresdner Geschichtsverein (Hrsg.): Between Integration and Destruction - Jewish Life in Dresden in the 19th and 20th Centuries (= Dresdner Hefte - Contributions to Cultural History. No. 45, 2nd, modified edition, June 2000). Dresden 2000, ISBN 3-910055-34-6 , pp. 53-57.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Lindner, p. 57