Sausage eating

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Christoph Froschauer on a wall drawing in Orell Füssli's headquarters in Zurich- Wiedikon
Inscription and picture on Froschauer's house (acquired after eating sausage) at Brunngasse 18 in Zurich
Smoked sausages

The Zürcher Wurstessen , also Froschauer-Wurstessen , took place in Zurich in 1522 on the first Sunday of Lent (March 9, 1522, Invokavit ) . At the same time, in the house of the printer Christoph Froschauer, members of Zurich's honesty and in the presence of several clergymen demonstratively violated the applicable abstinence rule. The reformer Huldrych Zwingli was present, but did not take part in the sausage dinner himself. Sausage eating has for the Reformation in Switzerland, like the Reformed Church in general, a role that is just as important as the posting of the theses in Wittenberg for the Reformation in Germany and the Lutheran churches .

background

The fasting period, which is often no longer observed in private, had already been publicly broken several times beforehand. For example, on March 5, 1522, Ash Wednesday , the Zurich baker Heini Aberli ate a roast in the guild house "zum Weggen", which was put on record as an administrative offense . During Lent 1522, the "sausage eating" took place in Froschauer's house in the presence of Zwingli, a planned provocation for which Froschauer had to defend himself before the city council. There were among others Leo Jud von Einsiedeln , who kept up with the meal, Klaus Hottinger and Lorenz Hochrütiner , who later became important in the Swiss Reformation. A few years later, the printing house itself published the important Zurich Bible , also known as the Froscherbibel.

In his defense of March 21, Froschauer stated that during all the work with an urgent delivery of books for Erasmus from Rotterdam to the Frankfurt Fair , he and his household were not satisfied with the " Mus " alone, and that he could not always buy fish.

First, Zürcher Fasnachts-Chüechli (yeast pastries without egg) were eaten . The sausages that were then eaten were thin slices of hot smoked sausages that had been stored for over a year. The sausage meal was rightly understood as a symbolic demonstration of evangelical freedom in the sense of Zwingli's sermons and Luther's understanding of the Bible. In the Reformation sense , everything so-called “non-biblical” was ignored. A little later, in Basel, a somewhat more opulent suckling pig meal was followed.

consequences

The Grand Council first condemned the breach of the abstinence requirement. The Zurich council (not the church) immediately ordered an investigation into it when the sausage meal became public. Two weeks later, Zwingli commented on fasting in his sermon, the text of which was already published by Froschauer on Maundy Thursday : Vom Erkiesen [Select] and Fryheit der Spysen . Thus breaking the fast became a public controversy. Supporters and opponents of the fasting commandments insulted and beaten each other, Zwingli was even supposed to be kidnapped.

Highly explosive, however, was the decision of the council, as a secular authority, to only allow what the Bible allows or forbids to apply in the matter of fasting . A year later, after the First Zurich Disputation, the church fasting laws were lifted. The council had thus adopted Zwingli's writing principle in its own decision and set the Bible (in Zwingli's interpretation) as the basis for its church-political action. As a result, eating sausages at Froschauer became an essential part of Zwingli's reform efforts. The Zurich Supper in 1525, the first celebration of the Lord's Supper in Zwingli's understanding in Zurich's Grossmünster , became a further milestone in the Reformation in Switzerland and in the history of the Canton of Zurich . The understanding of the Lord's Supper as a symbol, which was shaped by Erasmus, also led to a break with the Lutherans.

Reception in the film

The sausage meal can be seen in the films Zwinglis Erbe by Eutychus Production (2018) and Zwingli by C-Films AG (2019).

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hans-Martin Lübking: Taken personally: A devotional book ; Gütersloher Verlagshaus, January 16, 2012. According to this, Zwingli generally proceeded very cautiously, in the same year he married the widow Anna Reinhart , but kept this a secret for another two years.
  2. ↑ a b c Gottfried W. Locher : The Zwinglische Reformation in the context of the European church history . Göttingen, Zurich: Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht 1979, pp. 95–98, in particular fn. 55
  3. ↑ Today's Orell Füssli (publisher, bookstore, card and banknote printing) traces its beginnings back to Froschauer's print shop.
  4. ↑ Dorothea Meyer Song Wood, Nicole Lang, Rachel Voirol-Sturzenegger, Christian Metzenthin, Monika Widmer Hodel: We believe in diversity ; Theological publishing house Zurich (Swiss textbook), section Sausage eating for freedom p. 201,2011
  5. ↑ Martin Honecker : Ways of Protestant Ethics: Positions and Contexts ; Saint-Paul, 2002, p. 185
  6. ↑ 550 years of the University of Basel: The Reformation as a turning point and a new beginning . University of Basel, 2010; accessed on March 14, 2015.
    R. Wackernagel: “Spanferkelessen” in The Decade of the Reformation , Book 11: History of the City of Basel , Volume 3, Chapter 2. Helbing & Lichtenhahn, Basel, 1924; DNB 368605612 ; Pp. 327-328. Reprint: Helbing & Lichtenhahn, Basel, 1968; DNB 458559741 .
  7. ↑ Athina Lexutt: The Reformation: An event makes an era ; Böhlau Verlag, Cologne, Weimar 2009, p. 71
  8. ↑ Christoph Sigrist: Churches, Power, Space: Contributions to a controversial debate ; Theological Publishing House Zurich, 2010, p. 45
  9. ↑ Cornelis Augustijn, Hinrich Stoevesandt: Humanism ; Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2003, p. 116