Hamburg Zoological Garden
The Hamburg Zoological Garden was a zoo in Hamburg . It was opened on May 17, 1863 as the fifth German zoo. It was founded on the initiative of some Hamburg citizens (including Ernst Merck , Karl August Möbius , Heinrich Föhring and Heinrich Adolph Meyer ).
development
The opening was preceded by more than three years of planning with the establishment of a zoological society on a share basis . The plan came from the gardener Friedrich Juergens , who also directed the remarks. The trees and bushes were supplied by the tree nursery " James Booth and Sons ". In 1862 the zoologist Alfred Brehm was appointed the first director of the zoological garden. During his time as zoo director, the first volumes of his main work Illustrirtes Thierleben (later Brehm's animal life ), which appeared from 1863, were created. When it opened, the Hamburg Zoo housed the first public saltwater aquarium on German soil. The species-rich collection of animals grew rapidly under Brehm's direction. As a stopover in the flourishing animal trade, the Hamburg Zoo offered a frequently changing animal population in the early years . After friction with the board of directors of the zoological garden and the curtailment of Brehm's competencies, Brehm resigned at the urging of the board of directors with a letter of October 29, 1866, which provided for his resignation in May 1867. However, after the conflict had become public, Brehm was dismissed on November 23, 1866 with immediate effect.
Inspector Sigel had presumably directed the zoo on a provisional basis. Finding a successor was not easy. Ernst Haeckel refused the position. In January 1868 the zoologist Franz Hilgendorf took over the management of the zoo, but only stayed until November 1, 1870. After that, the position was vacant until 1875, when the Hamburg girls' school teacher Heinrich Bolau was appointed director on October 14, 1875. During his tenure, Carl Hagenbeck opened his Hagenbeck Zoo in Stellingen, which was praised as an animal paradise, in 1907 and made life difficult for the chronically underfunded Hamburg Zoo, which also did not know how to counter innovations. Tired of the office, Bolau retired on May 1, 1909. In 1909 the zoologist Julius Vosseler , who had experience in Africa, did not take on an easy legacy. Nevertheless, he managed to build up an exquisite population of animals and to give the animals impeccable care in difficult times. When the Hamburg Zoological Society was transforming it into a people's and bird park, the well-deserved zoo director retired in 1927.
The zoological garden had an area of approx. 14 hectares, which the Hamburg Senate gave the Zoological Society free of charge for fifty years. Extensions could only be negotiated slowly, so that the area should be returned to the city of Hamburg after 1920. The zoological garden has been closed since 1930. Part of the site was converted into a fairground known as the “Volkspark” with a fair, the other part into a bird park. The latter was liquidated after a year and a half. In 1934 and 1935, the park was redesigned for the Low German Garden Show under the direction of the garden architect Karl Plomin. Since then, there has been Planten un Blomen , an approximately 47 hectare park. Tiergartenstraße on the border with the railway is a reminder of the earlier use of the site. Until 1970, some small animal enclosures from the zoological garden were kept in Hamburg's city park.
literature
chronologically
Overall presentation
- Heinrich Bolau: Guide through the zoological garden in Hamburg , 29th edition, publ. Of the Zoological Society: Hamburg, 1879, SUB Hamburg
- [Heinrich] Bolau: The Zoological Garden , in: Hamburg in natural history and medicine , L. Friederichsen & Co., Hamburg, 1876, pp. 214–215, ( online ). Dedicated as a festive gift to the members and participants of the 49th Assembly of German Naturalists and Physicians.
- The latest complete guide through Hamburg, Altona and the surrounding area , JF Richter publishing house, Hamburg, 1869, p. 31, digitized .
- Franz Hilgendorf, guide through the Hamburg Zoological Garden . With an introduction to the history of the garden by Dr. jur. H. Donnenberg, 15th edition, Verlag der Zoologischer Gesellschaft, Hamburg 1869, digitized .
Annual reports in issues of the magazine Der Zoologischer Garten
- Report on the zoological garden in Hamburg in 1867 , financial and visitor statistics, 1869, p. 86 ff., Digitized .
- 1882 21st report on the zoological garden in Hamburg during the year 1882 , p. 364 ff. Digitized
- 1891 Annual report on the zoological garden in Hamburg 1891 , p. 124 ff., Digitized
- 1894 Annual report on the zoological garden in Hamburg 1894 , p. 183 ff., Digitized
- 1896 Annual report on the zoological garden in Hamburg 1896 , p. 181 ff., Digitized
- 1897 Annual report on the zoological garden in Hamburg 1897 , p. 256 ff., Digitized
building
- Martin Haller : Reflections on the future of the zoological garden, the botanical garden and the former burial grounds in front of the Dammthor Hamburg , Strumper & Co, Hamburg, 1909, ( SUB Hamburg )
- William Alford Lloyd: The aquarium house of the zoological garden Hamburg. In: The Zoological Garden. Volume 5, 1864, pp. 84-87, digitized
- Heinrich Bolau described some buildings in publications in the magazine Der Zoologischer Garten ( here → )
people
- K. Braun and Georg Grimpe: Personal News . Hamburg. In: The Zoological Garden (NF). Volume 6, 1933, p. 283.
- Georg Grimpe: Julius Vosseler for his 70th birthday. In: The Zoological Garden (NF). Volume 4, 1931, pp. 313-317.
- Wilhelm Weltner : Franz Hilgendorf. December 5, 1839 - July 5, 1904. An obituary. In: Archives for Natural History. Volume 72, 1906, No. 1, pp. I-XII. Digitized
- Alfred Edmund Brehm: My position on the Hamburg Zoological Garden and my dismissal. Hamburg 1866.
Animals
- Anonymous: News from zoological gardens. Hamburg. (Hamburger Vogelpark.) In: The Zoological Garden (NF). Volume 4, 1931, pp. 258-259.
- Erna Mohr: The bird park in Hamburg. In: The Zoological Garden (NF). Volume 4, 1931, pp. 165-169.
- MAH Bungartz: For the opening of the Hamburg bird park. In: The Zoological Garden (NF). Volume 3, 1930, 290-291.
- Heinrich Bolau: About the orangutan of the zoological garden in Hamburg , in: Negotiations of the Natural Science Association of Hamburg-Altona for 1878 , III. Vol., Friederichsen, Hamburg 1879, pp. 119–121, digitized
- Heinrich Bolau: Small messages from the aquarium of the zoological garden in Hamburg , in: Negotiations of the Natural Science Association of Hamburg-Altona for 1878 , III. Vol., Friederichsen, Hamburg 1879, pp. 122–130, digitized
- Reinhold Brehm and Th. F. Zimmermann (preface by Alfred Brehm): Pictures and sketches , from the zoological garden in Hamburg , Lührsen, Hamburg, 1865, digitized .
- Heinrich Bolau described some animals in publications ( here → )
Mentions
- Annelore Rieke-Müller and Lothar Dittrich : The lion roars next door. The establishment of zoological gardens in the German-speaking area 1833-1869. Böhlau, Cologne 1998, pp. 141–157.
- Hans-Dietrich Haemmerlein: The son of the bird pastor. Evangelical Publishing House, Berlin 1985.
- Jürgen W. Scheutzow: From 125 years of exhibition history in Hamburg , special print (16 pages), Hamburg Messe und Congress GmbH, Hamburg approx. 1983.
- Werner Kourist: 400 years of the zoo. In the mirror of the Werner Kourist / Bonn collection. Rheinland-Verlag on commission from Rudolf Habelt Verlag, Bonn 1976, pp. 142–151.
- Lothar Schlawe: From the history of the Hamburg zoo. In: The Zoological Garden (NF). Volume 41, 1972, pp. 168-186.
- Ludwig Heck: cheerful and serious memories of zoo gardeners. In: The Zoological Garden (NF). Volume 13, 1941, pp. 355-361.
Remarks
- ↑ Rieke-Müller & Dittrich (1998), p. 156
- ↑ a b c Haemmerlein (1985), p. 175
- ↑ Haemmerlein (1985), p. 176.
- ↑ Weltner (1906), p. III
- ↑ a b Heck (1941); P. 357
- ↑ a b Grimpe (1931), p. 316
- ↑ Grimpe (1931), p. 315
- ↑ Braun & Grimpe (1933)
- ^ Mohr (1931)
- ↑ Anonymous (1931)
Web links
- Alfred Brehm : A walk through the Thiergarten in Hamburg . In: The Gazebo . 1863, p. 804 ff . ( Full text [ Wikisource ]).
- Highlights of the collection - the zoological garden. Museum of Hamburg History , accessed on November 16, 2017 .
- Private page: Hamburg Zoo
Coordinates: 53 ° 33 ′ 47.7 " N , 9 ° 58 ′ 55.5" E