Two-flowered saxifrage

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Two-flowered saxifrage
Two-flowered saxifrage (Saxifraga biflora) from the Bernese Alps (Switzerland)

Two-flowered saxifrage ( Saxifraga biflora ) from the Bernese Alps (Switzerland)

Systematics
Eudicotyledons
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Order : Saxifragales (Saxifragales)
Family : Saxifragaceae (Saxifragaceae)
Genre : Saxifrage ( Saxifraga )
Type : Two-flowered saxifrage
Scientific name
Saxifraga biflora
Alles.

The twoflower saxifrage ( Saxifraga biflora ) is a species in the genus saxifrage ( Saxifraga ) in the family Saxifragaceae (Saxifragaceae). It is a relatively rare, cushion-forming plant in the high Alps.

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Two-flowered saxifrage ( Saxifraga biflora ) in the Zillertal Alps

description

As an evergreen herbaceous plant, the two-flowered saxifrage forms loose cushions and, including the inflorescence, reaches heights of between 3 and 25 cm. The rungs are prostrate to ascending. The opposite arranged leaves are thick, with a diameter of no more than about 4 mm almost circular and also rounded at the tip and at most dotted. They become 5 to 9 mm long and 3 to 6 mm wide. They are sedentary and usually bear only a single hydathode on the top at the tip; underneath they are often red.

The flowering period extends from July to August. The dark purple flowers are two to six (up to eight) on a stem. The sepals are ciliate on the edge and 2 to 4 mm long. The stamens are shorter than the petals. The anthers are orange-yellow, rarely completely black. The petals are lanceolate to obovate, nailed short and broad, blunt or somewhat pointed, 4 to 10 mm long, purple-pink to violet, rarely white. The ovary is almost completely underneath with a broad disc. The fruit capsule is spherical and 4 to 6 mm long. The seeds are egg-shaped, 1 to 1.2 mm long and brown.

The species has chromosome number 2n = 26.

Distribution and location requirements

The two-flowered saxifrage occurs almost exclusively in the high altitudes of the central Alps ( Austria , Switzerland , Italy , France ). According to recent studies, information from the Allgäu relates to hybrids Saxifraga × kochii between Saxifraga biflora and Saxifraga oppositifolia .

There it seldom grows in moist fine rubble soils and prefers soils with little lime. It is a species of the Saxifragetum biflorae (association: Drabion hoppeanae).

The highest site is documented on the south ridge of the cathedral in the Mischabel group ( Valais ) at 4450 m.

Subspecies

There are three subspecies in Europe:

  • Saxifraga biflora subsp. biflora
  • Saxifraga biflora subsp. epirotica D.A. Webb : It occurs in north-western Greece near Timfi Oros.
  • Saxifraga biflora subsp. macropetala (Engl.) Rouy & EG Camus (is also considered a variety Saxifraga biflora var. kochii Kittel ).

Sources and further information

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jaakko Jalas, Juha Suominen, Raino Lampinen, Arto Kurtto: Atlas florae europaeae . Volume 12: Resedaceae to Platanaceae. Helsinki 1999, ISBN 951-9108-12-2 , p. 161.
  2. ↑ Dieter Hess: Alpine flowers. recognize, understand, protect . Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3243-5 , p. 189.
  3. ↑ a b D.A. Webb: Saxifraga L. In: Thomas Gaskell Tutin u. a .: Flora Europaea . 2nd Edition. Volume 1, pages 437-458. Cambridge University Press 1993. ISBN 0-521-41007-X

Web links

Commons : Saxifraga biflora  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files