Dwarf beards

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Dwarf beards
Great Bearded Bird (Eubucco versicolor): Above the male, below the female

Great Bearded Bird ( Eubucco versicolor ): Above the male, below the female

Systematics
Class : Birds (aves)
Order : Woodpecker birds (Piciformes)
Family : American bearded birds (Capitonidae)
Genre : Dwarf beards
Scientific name
Eubucco
Bonaparte , 1850
Heads of pygmy beards (lithograph by Keulemans ). ( Top row: Bunt-Bartvogel , male, left: nominate form , right : subspecies E. v. Steeri ; middle left: Goldbrust-Bartvogel , male, nominated f., Below : UA E. r. Granadensis (status uncertain) ; Bottom right: Andean bearded bird , female, nominate f., Above: UA E. b. Salvini )

The dwarf bearded mustaches ( Eubucco ) are a genus of the American bearded bird family . In addition to the dwarf bearded mustache, only the species of bearded bear belongs to this family.

Dwarf mustaches used to be part of the bearded family . The bearded taxon is now considered paraphyletic , as it would only form a monophylum if the toucans (Ramphastidae) were included . The bearded family was therefore divided into four families: the African (Lybiidae), the American (Capitonidae), the Asiatic bearded birds (Megalaimidae) and the toucan bearded birds (Semnornithidae).

Appearance

Dwarf mustaches are around 15 cm long, slightly smaller than the approximately 20 cm long mustaches. They are very colorful birds with an extremely noticeable sexual dimorphism . Apart from the scarlet-headed bearded bird , the males of the dwarf bearded mustards have a red skull and a greenish body surface. In the females, however, the red on the head is missing. The females of the bearded bird have a red chest band. In the scarlet-headed bearded bird, the males have a bright red head and an equally colored chest. In the females, however, only the top of the head is red. The upper side of the body is bronze-greenish in both sexes.

Distribution areas

The golden-breasted bearded bird has the largest distribution area among the dwarf bearded beards . Its distribution area extends from Colombia over the east of Ecuador and the east of Peru to the north of Bolivia. In the east, the distribution area corresponds to the west of the Amazon basin .

The range of the Andean bearded bird , for which several subspecies are described, extends over Central America and the north of South America. He is an inhabitant of mountain forests from the middle of Costa Rica via Panama, the highlands of northern Colombia, via Ecuador and northern Peru to western Venezuela. The distribution area is fragmented. In Costa Rica it occurs in the east at altitudes between 400 and 1600 meters and in the west between 800 and 2100 meters. In Panama it occurs between 575 and 1800 meters above sea level. In Colombia, however, it lives in areas between 1200 and 2400 meters. In the east of Venezuela, Andean bearded birds occur between 1000 and 1500 meters and in Peru between 1200 and 1500 meters.

The range of the scarlet-headed bearded bird is around 178,000 square kilometers. It extends from the east of the Andes in southern Peru to the north of La Paz and Acre . The scarlet-headed bearded bird occurs at altitudes between 150 and 850 meters and prefers to colonize forests along rivers. It also uses secondary forest , which is growing back on abandoned cultivated areas of the indigenous population of this region.

The great whiskered bearded bird occurs in forests of the eastern Andes from northern Peru to central Bolivia. It usually lives at altitudes between 1000 and 2000 meters, but also occurs in northern Peru at altitudes of only 675 meters.

Way of life

Dwarf mustaches are omnivores. Fruits make up most of their diet, and they also eat insects. They look for these in collections of leaves in forked branches and the like. They don't usually hit the ground. The reproductive biology of none of the species has been studied in detail.

species

The following four species belong to the genus of the dwarf bearded mustache:

supporting documents

literature

  • Lester L. Short, Jennifer FM Horne: Toucans, Barbets and Honeyguides - Ramphastidae, Capitonidae and Indicatoridae . Oxford University Press, Oxford 2001, ISBN 0-19-854666-1

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Short et al., Color plate 16
  2. ↑ Short et al., P. 312
  3. ↑ BirdLife Factsheet on the Scarlet Bearded Bird , accessed on February 6, 2011
  4. ↑ Short et al., P. 314

Web links

Commons : Eubucco  - collection of images, videos and audio files