Psilidae: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
GreenC bot (talk | contribs)
Bots
2,106,486 edits
Rescued 1 archive link. Wayback Medic 2.5
 
(46 intermediate revisions by 22 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|Family of flies}}
{{Taxobox
{{automatic taxobox
| name = Psilidae
| taxon = Psilidae
|image=Fly.black.red.head.jpg
| display_parents = 3
|image_caption=
| image = Chamaepsila.sp.1.jpg
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| image_caption = ''[[Chamaepsila]]'' sp. from Germany
| phylum = [[Arthropod]]a
| authority = Macquart, 1835
<!-- | subphylum = [[Hexapoda]] -->
| classis = [[Insect]]a
| subclassis = [[Pterygota]]
| infraclassis = [[Neoptera]]
| superordo = [[Endopterygota]]|
| ordo = [[Fly|Diptera]]
| subordo = [[Brachycera]]
| infraordo = [[Muscomorpha]]
| zoosectio = [[Schizophora]]
| zoosubsectio = [[Acalyptratae]]
| superfamilia = [[Diopsoidea]]
| familia = '''Psilidae'''
| subdivision_ranks = Subfamily
| subdivision_ranks = Subfamily
| subdivision = *[[Chylizinae]]
| subdivision =
* [[Chylizinae]]
*[[Loxocerinae]]
* [[Loxocerinae]]
*[[Psilinae]]
* [[Psilinae]]
}}
}}
⚫
The '''Psilidae''' are family of [[Fly|flies]]. Commonly called the '''rust flies''', at least 38 species are in four genera. The [[carrot fly]] (''Chamaepsila rosae'') is a member of this group. They are found mainly in the [[Holarctic]].


⚫
==Description==
⚫
'''Psilidae''' is family of [[Diptera|two-winged flies]]. Commonly called the '''rust flies''', there are at least 38 species in 4 genera. The [[Carrot fly]] (''Chamaepsila rosae'') is a member of this group.
For terms see [[Morphology of Diptera]]<br>
These are small or medium-sized (1.5&nbsp;mm.-10&nbsp;mm.) flies with slender bodies. They are yellow to reddish, brown or black in colour. The head is spherical with (relatively) small eyes and the face is often slanted backward. The antennae are small, with the third antennal segment conspicuously elongated. The arista has a short or long pubescence. The postvertical bristles are divergent or absent. Ocelli and ocellar bristles are present. Vibrissae are always absent. Up to two pairs of frontal bristles and scattered interfrontal setulae are present. The costa is interrupted at some distance from R1 and only the basal part of the subcosta is developed. The vein bordering the anal cell is straight on the outer side. Crossvein BM-Cu is present and the cell cup is closed. The wing is usually clear to slightly tinged, but in some cases along the costa, the wing tip or the cross-veins there are dark bands. The wing has a transverse weakening in the basal half. Tibiae are without a dorsal preapical bristle.
⚫
See [http://delta-intkey.com/britin/dip/www/psilidae.htm] Description and plates from [[Francis Walker (entomologist)|Francis Walker's]] ''Insecta Britannica Diptera''.


==Biology==
⚫
==Family Description==
Psilidae are especially common in cool places on low-density vegetation. This explains why the family is well represented in temperate zones. The larvae are almost exclusively phytophagous on nonwoody plants. They live either in stems, tubers, or roots. A few species live under tree bark. Some form galls. Several species are pests in agriculture and horticulture. ''[[carrot fly|Chamaepsila rosae]]'' Fabricius, and ''[[Psila nigricornis]]'' Meigen are instances.
⚫
See [http://delta-intkey.com/britin/dip/www/psilidae.htm] Description and plates from [[Francis Walker|Francis Walker's]] ''Insecta Britannica Diptera''.


==List of genera<ref name=Wikispecies>{{cite web |url=https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Psilidae|title= Psilidae|access-date=2013-11-20 }}</ref>==
⚫
==Species Distribution==
[[File:Loxocera sp 2 - 2013-09-13.webm|thumb|thumbtime=1:02|''Loxocera'' sp. in a marshy meadow]]
⚫
*[http://www.faunaeur.org/full_results.php?id=10948 Western Palaearctic] (including Russia,Turkey)
*''[[Belobackenbardia]]''
*''[[Chamaepsila]]''
*''[[Chyliza]]''
*''[[Loxocera]]''
*''[[Loxocerosoma]]''
*''[[Oxypsila]]''
*''[[Phytopsila]]''
*''[[Psila]]''
*''[[Psilosoma]]''
*''[[Schizostomyia]]''
*''[[Synaphopsila]]''
*''[[Tropeopsila]]''


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
⚫
*[http://hbs.bishopmuseum.org/aocat/psilidae.html Description in the Australasian/Oceanian Diptera Catalog hosted at Bishop Museum]

==Further reading==
⚫
===Distribution===
⚫
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20051101002120/http://www.faunaeur.org/full_results.php?id=10948 Western Palaearctic] (including Russia,Turkey)
*[http://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm Nearctic]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20190527005729/http://konchudb.agr.agr.kyushu-u.ac.jp/mokuroku/ Japan]
*[http://eol.org/pages/8994/overview World list]

===Identification===
*[[Willi Hennig|Hennig]]. 1941. Psilidae.In: Lindner, E. (Ed.). ''Die Fliegen der Paläarktischen Region'' 5,41,1-38. Keys to Palaearctic species but now needs revision (in German).
*[[Eugene Seguy|Séguy]], E. (1934) ''Diptères: Brachycères''. II. Muscidae acalypterae, Scatophagidae. Paris: Éditions Faune de France 28. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131014031511/http://www.faunedefrance.org/BibliothequeVirtuelleNumerique%7CBiblioth%C3%A8que virtuelle numérique]
*[[Aleksandr Stackelberg|Stackelberg, A.A.]] Family Psilidae in [[Grigory Bey-Bienko|Bei-Bienko, G. Ya]], 1988 ''Keys to the insects of the European Part of the USSR'' Volume 5 (Diptera) Part 2 English edition.Keys to Palaearctic species but now needs revision .

==External links==
{{commons category|Psilidae}}
*[http://eol.org/pages/8994/media Family Psilidae at EOL] images
*[http://www.diptera.info/photogallery.php?album_id=41 Image Gallery at Diptera.info]
*[http://www.diptera.info/photogallery.php?album_id=41 Image Gallery at Diptera.info]
*[http://www.drawwing.org/insects/diptera/psilidae Wing venation]
⚫
*{{ITIS|ID=142120}}
⚫
*[http://hbs.bishopmuseum.org/aocat/psilidae.html Description in the Australasian/Oceanian Diptera Catalog hosted at Bishop Museum]
⚫
*{{ITIS |id=142120 |taxon=Psilidae}}

{{Diptera|2}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q1617223}}


[[Category:Flies]]
[[Category:Psilidae| ]]
[[Category:Insect families]]
[[Category:Brachycera families]]
[[Category:Articles containing video clips]]


⚫
{{fly-stub}}


⚫
{{Diopsoidea-stub}}
[[fr:Psilidae]]
[[no:Rotfluer]]

Latest revision as of 13:03, 12 January 2023

Psilidae
Chamaepsila sp. from Germany
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Diptera
(unranked): Cyclorrhapha
Section: Schizophora
Superfamily: Diopsoidea
Family: Psilidae
Macquart, 1835
Subfamily

The Psilidae are family of flies. Commonly called the rust flies, at least 38 species are in four genera. The carrot fly (Chamaepsila rosae) is a member of this group. They are found mainly in the Holarctic.

Description[edit]

For terms see Morphology of Diptera
These are small or medium-sized (1.5 mm.-10 mm.) flies with slender bodies. They are yellow to reddish, brown or black in colour. The head is spherical with (relatively) small eyes and the face is often slanted backward. The antennae are small, with the third antennal segment conspicuously elongated. The arista has a short or long pubescence. The postvertical bristles are divergent or absent. Ocelli and ocellar bristles are present. Vibrissae are always absent. Up to two pairs of frontal bristles and scattered interfrontal setulae are present. The costa is interrupted at some distance from R1 and only the basal part of the subcosta is developed. The vein bordering the anal cell is straight on the outer side. Crossvein BM-Cu is present and the cell cup is closed. The wing is usually clear to slightly tinged, but in some cases along the costa, the wing tip or the cross-veins there are dark bands. The wing has a transverse weakening in the basal half. Tibiae are without a dorsal preapical bristle. See [1] Description and plates from Francis Walker's Insecta Britannica Diptera.

Biology[edit]

Psilidae are especially common in cool places on low-density vegetation. This explains why the family is well represented in temperate zones. The larvae are almost exclusively phytophagous on nonwoody plants. They live either in stems, tubers, or roots. A few species live under tree bark. Some form galls. Several species are pests in agriculture and horticulture. Chamaepsila rosae Fabricius, and Psila nigricornis Meigen are instances.

List of genera[1][edit]

Loxocera sp. in a marshy meadow

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Psilidae". Retrieved 2013-11-20.

Further reading[edit]

Distribution[edit]

Identification[edit]

  • Hennig. 1941. Psilidae.In: Lindner, E. (Ed.). Die Fliegen der Paläarktischen Region 5,41,1-38. Keys to Palaearctic species but now needs revision (in German).
  • Séguy, E. (1934) Diptères: Brachycères. II. Muscidae acalypterae, Scatophagidae. Paris: Éditions Faune de France 28. virtuelle numérique
  • Stackelberg, A.A. Family Psilidae in Bei-Bienko, G. Ya, 1988 Keys to the insects of the European Part of the USSR Volume 5 (Diptera) Part 2 English edition.Keys to Palaearctic species but now needs revision .

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Psilidae.


Stub icon

This article related to members of the muscomorph flies superfamily Diopsoidea is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Psilidae&oldid=1133151808"