Gryfów Śląski: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 51°1′38″N 15°25′9″E / 51.02722°N 15.41917°E / 51.02722; 15.41917
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| subdivision_type3 = [[Gmina]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Gmina]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Gmina Gryfów Śląski|Gryfów Śląski]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Gmina Gryfów Śląski|Gryfów Śląski]]
| coordinates = {{coord|51|1|38|N|15|25|9|E|region:PL|display=inline}}
| coordinates = {{coord|51|1|38|N|15|25|9|E|region:PL|display=title,inline}}
| pushpin_map = Poland
| pushpin_map = Poland
| established_title2 = Town rights
| established_date2 = 1242
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = Olgierd Poniźnik
| area_total_km2 = 6.63
| area_total_km2 = 6.63
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_as_of = 2019-06-30<ref>{{cite web |title=Population. Size and structure and vital statistics in Poland by territorial division in 2019. As of 30th June|url=https://stat.gov.pl/en/topics/population/population/population-size-and-structure-and-vital-statistics-in-poland-by-territorial-division-in-2019-as-of-30th-june,3,26.html|website=stat.gov.pl|publisher=Statistics Poland|date=2019-10-15|access-date=2020-02-14}}</ref>
| population_as_of = 2006
| population_total = 7128
| population_total = 6636
| timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset = +1
| timezone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| postal_code = 59-620
| area_code = +48 75
| registration_plate = DLW
| blank_name = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
| blank_name = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
| blank_info = [[Humid continental climate#Mild/cool summer subtype|Dfb]]
| blank_info = [[Humid continental climate#Mild/cool summer subtype|Dfb]]
| website = http://www.gryfow.pl }}
| website = http://www.gryfow.pl }}


'''Gryfów Śląski''' {{IPAc-pl|'|g|r|y|f|u|f|-|'|ś|l|ą|s|k|J|i}} ({{lang-de|Greiffenberg; Greifenberg in Schlesien}}) is a town in [[Lwówek Śląski County]], [[Lower Silesian Voivodeship]], in south-western [[Poland]] near the border with [[Germany]]. It is the seat of the administrative district ([[gmina]]) called [[Gmina Gryfów Śląski]]. As at 2006, the town has a population of 7,128.
'''Gryfów Śląski''' ({{IPAc-pl|'|g|r|y|f|u|f|-|'|ś|l|ą|s|k|J|i}}), simplified to '''Gryfów''' ({{lang-de|Greiffenberg}}), is a historic town in [[Lwówek Śląski County]], [[Lower Silesian Voivodeship]], in south-western [[Poland]]. It is the seat of the administrative district ([[gmina]]) called [[Gmina Gryfów Śląski]]. As of 2019, the town has a population of 6,636. The town is located between [[Zgorzelec]] and [[Jelenia Góra]], on the [[Kwisa]] river. It lies approximately {{convert|16|km|mi|0}} south-west of [[Lwówek Śląski]], and {{convert|114|km|mi|0}} west of the regional capital [[Wrocław]].

==History==
[[File:Gryfów Śląski, kościół pw św. Jadwigi 1.jpg|thumb|left|St Jadwiga Church]]
[[File:Gryfów Śląski, kościół pw św. Jadwigi 1.jpg|thumb|left|St Jadwiga Church]]
The region formed part of Poland since the 10th century and the first ruler [[Mieszko I of Poland]].<ref name=GR>{{cite web|url=http://gryfow.pl/historia-gryfowa-slaskiego/|title=Historia Gryfowa Śląskiego|website=Gryfów Śląski|access-date=17 October 2019|language=Polish}}</ref>
The town is located between [[Zgorzelec]] and [[Jelenia Góra]], on the [[Kwisa]] river. It lies approximately {{convert|16|km|mi|0}} south-west of [[Lwówek Śląski]], and {{convert|114|km|mi|0}} west of the regional capital [[Wrocław]].
The settlement of Gryfów Śląski arose from a castle built by the [[Silesian Piasts|Piast]] Duke [[Bolesław I the Tall]] of [[Duchy of Silesia|Silesia]] near the border with [[Upper Lusatia]]. It received [[German town law|town privileges]] by Polish Duke [[Bolesław II the Bald]] in 1242. The ruins of the medieval Gryf Castle, a possession of the [[House of Schaffgotsch]] from 1400 on, are still visible south of the town. In 1274 Gryfów became part of the Silesian [[Duchy of Jawor]], which finally was incorporated by the [[Kingdom of Bohemia]] in 1392.


The settlement of Gryfów Śląski arose from a castle built by the [[Silesian Piasts|Piast]] Duke [[Bolesław I the Tall]] of [[Duchy of Silesia|Silesia]] near the border with [[Upper Lusatia]]. It received [[German town law|town privileges]] by Duke [[Bolesław II the Bald]] in 1242. The ruins of the medieval Gryf Castle, a possession of the [[House of Schaffgotsch]] from 1400 on, are still visible south of the town. In 1274 Gryfów became part of the Silesian [[Duchy of Jawor]], which finally was incorporated by the [[Kingdom of Bohemia]] in 1392. After the [[Silesian Wars|First Silesian War]] it was annexed by [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussia]] in 1742. In 1865 the Greiffenberg station opened on the [[Silesian Mountain Railway]] line from [[Görlitz]] to [[Rybnica, Jelenia Góra County|Reibnitz]] (Rybnica).
[[Flood]]s hit the city in 1469, 1550 and 1609, droughts in 1472, 1590 and 1616, and epidemics in 1582, 1585 and 1633.<ref name=GR/> In 1589 the town's first pharmacy was founded.<ref name=GR/> In 1617 the first big [[fair]] took place.<ref name=GR/> During the [[Thirty Years' War]], the town was plundered twice by the [[Swedish Empire|Swedes]], in 1639 and 1645.<ref name=GR/> After the [[Silesian Wars|First Silesian War]] it was annexed by [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussia]] in 1742. In 1865 the Greiffenberg station opened on the [[Silesian Mountain Railway]] line from [[Görlitz]] to [[Rybnica, Jelenia Góra County|Reibnitz]] (Rybnica).


From 1871 to 1945 the town was part of the German Empire. After [[World War II]], the town was part of the region that became part of Poland under the terms of the [[Potsdam Agreement]].
Prior to 1945 the town was in Germany. After [[World War II]] the region was placed under Polish administration by the [[Potsdam Agreement]] under territorial changes demanded by the [[Soviet Union]]. Most Germans [[Evacuation of East Prussia|fled]] or were [[Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–50)|expelled]]. The new [[Poles|Polish citizens]] resettled the town. Some of the new inhabitants were [[Repatriation of Poles (1944-1946)|Polish refugees]] from regions east of the [[Curzon line]], the [[Kresy]], from where they had been displaced by Soviet authorities in accordance to new borders decided at [[Yalta Conference]], while most new settlers were re-settlers from Central Poland.

==Sights==
{{multiple image |align=right |perrow=3 |total_width=300
| image1=Gryfów Sląski Rynek 12(2) sm.jpg
| image2=Gryfów Sląski Rynek 4 sm.jpg
| image3=Gryfów Śląski, Felczerska 13 - fotopolska.eu (256829).jpg
| image4=Gryfów Sląski Rynek 13(2) sm.jpg
| image5=Gryfów Sląski Rynek 16 sm.jpg
| image6=Gryfó Śląski kam Rynek 5.JPG
| footer=Historic townhouses (examples)
}}
The historic sights of Gryfów Śląski include:
*the St. Jadwiga Church, dating back to the 15th century
*the town hall, built in the [[Renaissance architecture|Renaissance]] style in the 16th century, later rebuilt
*the Market Square (''Rynek'') filled with historic townhouses, dating back to the 15th-19th centuries,
*medieval town walls
*the Saint Lawrence church, dating back to the 16th century


==Notable people==
==Notable people==
* [[Hans Ulrich von Schaffgotsch]] (1595-1635), Silesian general
* Africa explorer [[Hermann Steudner]] (1832–1863)
* [[Hermann Steudner]] (1832–1863), Africa explorer
* [[Curt Joël]] (1865–1945), German politician
* [[Curt Joël]] (1865–1945), German politician
* Actor [[Andrzej Chyra]] (born 1964)
* [[Andrzej Chyra]] (born 1964), Polish actor


==Twin towns==
==Twin towns – sister cities==
See [[Gmina Gryfów Śląski#Twin towns – sister cities|twin towns of Gmina Gryfów Śląski]].
Gryfów Śląski is twinned with [[Bischofswerda]] in Germany, [[Raspenava]] in the Czech Republic and [[Gryfice]] in Poland.


==References==
==References==
{{no footnotes|date=December 2016}}
{{Reflist|30em}}
{{Reflist|30em}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{commons category}}
{{Commons category}}
* [http://gryfow.info/ Gryfów Śląski website] {{pl icon}}
* [http://gryfow.info/ Gryfów Śląski website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190228070056/http://www.gryfow.info/ |date=2019-02-28 }} {{in lang|pl}}
* [http://radoslawsobik.pl/panoramy/gryfow/index.html Virtual Tour]
* [http://radoslawsobik.pl/panoramy/gryfow/index.html Virtual Tour]


{{Gmina Gryfów Śląski}}
{{Gmina Gryfów Śląski}}



{{coord|51|01|38|N|15|25|09|E|region:PL_type:city|display=title}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Gryfow Slaski}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gryfow Slaski}}

Latest revision as of 02:26, 11 March 2023

Gryfów Śląski
Flag of Gryfów Śląski
Flag
Coat of arms of Gryfów Śląski
Coat of arms
Gryfów Śląski is located in Poland
Gryfów Śląski
Gryfów Śląski
Coordinates: 51°1′38″N 15°25′9″E / 51.02722°N 15.41917°E / 51.02722; 15.41917
Country Poland
VoivodeshipLower Silesian
CountyLwówek Śląski
GminaGryfów Śląski
Town rights1242
Government
 • MayorOlgierd Poniźnik
Area
 • Total6.63 km2 (2.56 sq mi)
Population
 (2019-06-30[1])
 • Total6,636
 • Density1,000/km2 (2,600/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
59-620
Area code+48 75
Vehicle registrationDLW
ClimateDfb
Websitehttp://www.gryfow.pl

Gryfów Śląski ([ˈɡrɨfuf ˈɕlɔ̃skʲi]), simplified to Gryfów (German: Greiffenberg), is a historic town in Lwówek Śląski County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It is the seat of the administrative district (gmina) called Gmina Gryfów Śląski. As of 2019, the town has a population of 6,636. The town is located between Zgorzelec and Jelenia Góra, on the Kwisa river. It lies approximately 16 kilometres (10 mi) south-west of Lwówek Śląski, and 114 kilometres (71 mi) west of the regional capital Wrocław.

History[edit]

St Jadwiga Church

The region formed part of Poland since the 10th century and the first ruler Mieszko I of Poland.[2] The settlement of Gryfów Śląski arose from a castle built by the Piast Duke Bolesław I the Tall of Silesia near the border with Upper Lusatia. It received town privileges by Polish Duke Bolesław II the Bald in 1242. The ruins of the medieval Gryf Castle, a possession of the House of Schaffgotsch from 1400 on, are still visible south of the town. In 1274 Gryfów became part of the Silesian Duchy of Jawor, which finally was incorporated by the Kingdom of Bohemia in 1392.

Floods hit the city in 1469, 1550 and 1609, droughts in 1472, 1590 and 1616, and epidemics in 1582, 1585 and 1633.[2] In 1589 the town's first pharmacy was founded.[2] In 1617 the first big fair took place.[2] During the Thirty Years' War, the town was plundered twice by the Swedes, in 1639 and 1645.[2] After the First Silesian War it was annexed by Prussia in 1742. In 1865 the Greiffenberg station opened on the Silesian Mountain Railway line from Görlitz to Reibnitz (Rybnica).

From 1871 to 1945 the town was part of the German Empire. After World War II, the town was part of the region that became part of Poland under the terms of the Potsdam Agreement.

Sights[edit]

Historic townhouses (examples)

The historic sights of Gryfów Śląski include:

  • the St. Jadwiga Church, dating back to the 15th century
  • the town hall, built in the Renaissance style in the 16th century, later rebuilt
  • the Market Square (Rynek) filled with historic townhouses, dating back to the 15th-19th centuries,
  • medieval town walls
  • the Saint Lawrence church, dating back to the 16th century

Notable people[edit]

Twin towns – sister cities[edit]

See twin towns of Gmina Gryfów Śląski.

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Population. Size and structure and vital statistics in Poland by territorial division in 2019. As of 30th June". stat.gov.pl. Statistics Poland. 2019-10-15. Retrieved 2020-02-14.
  2. ^ a b c d e "Historia Gryfowa Śląskiego". Gryfów Śląski (in Polish). Retrieved 17 October 2019.

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gryfów Śląski.


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