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{{Short description|Low-lying area surrounding Rome}} |
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{{About|the region|the painting|Roman Campagna (painting)}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2024}} |
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It is bordered by the [[Monti della Tolfa|Tolfa]] and [[Monti Sabatini|Sabatini]] mountains to the north, the [[Alban Hills]] to the southeast, and the [[Tyrrhenian Sea]] to the southwest. The rivers [[Tiber]] and [[Aniene]] run through the area. |
It is bordered by the [[Monti della Tolfa|Tolfa]] and [[Monti Sabatini|Sabatini]] mountains to the north, the [[Alban Hills]] to the southeast, and the [[Tyrrhenian Sea]] to the southwest. The rivers [[Tiber]] and [[Aniene]] run through the area. |
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==History== |
==History== |
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During the [[Roman Empire| |
During the [[Roman Empire|ancient Roman]] period, it was an important agricultural and residential area, but it was abandoned during the [[Middle Ages]] due to [[malaria]] and insufficient water supplies for farming needs. The pastoral beauty of the Campagna inspired the painters who flocked into Rome in the 18th and 19th centuries. During that time, the Campagna became the most painted landscape in Europe (see Gallery below). An excursion into the Roman countryside was an essential part of the [[Grand Tour]]. |
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The region was reclaimed in the 19th and 20th centuries for use in mixed farming, and new settlements have been built. Starting with the 1950s, the expansion of Rome destroyed large parts of the Campagna, all around the city. The only continuous green area where the natural resources of the region were saved from overbuilding is along the [[Appian Way]]. |
The region was reclaimed in the 19th and 20th centuries for use in mixed farming, and new settlements have been built. Starting with the 1950s, the expansion of Rome destroyed large parts of the Campagna, all around the city. The only continuous green area where the natural resources of the region were saved from overbuilding is along the [[Appian Way]]. |
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==Bibliography== |
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{{Commons category}} |
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<gallery> |
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* {{cite book|first1=Sandro |last1=Carocci |first2=Marco |last2=Vendittelli|title=L'origine della Campagna Romana. Casali, castelli e villaggi nel XII e XIII secolo |location=Rome|publisher=Società Romana di Storia Patria|year=2004}} |
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File:Massimo d'Azeglio - Campagne romaine.jpg|By [[Massimo d'Azeglio]] |
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File:Johann Wilhelm Schirmer - Campagne romaine.jpg|By [[Johann Wilhelm Schirmer]] |
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File:Schirmer, Heranziehendes Gewitter.jpg|By [[Johann Wilhelm Schirmer]] |
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File:Jacques Sablet - Portrait de Conrad Gessner.jpg|By [[Jacques Sablet]] |
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File:Gabriel Perelle, Roman Campagna, copper plate engraving, cirka 1650.jpg|By [[Gabriel Perelle]] |
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File:Cole Thomas Roman Campagna 1843.jpg|By [[Thomas Cole]] |
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File:George Inness - In the Roman Campagna.jpg|By [[George Inness]] |
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File:Karel Dujardin - Landscape in the Roman Campagna.jpg|By [[Karel Dujardin]] |
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File:Markó campagna.jpg|By [[Károly Markó the Elder]] |
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File:Benouville View of the Ponte Nomentano in the Roman Campagna.jpg|By [[Jean Achille Benouville]], ''View of the Ponte Nomentano in the Roman Campagna'' |
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File:Brooklyn Museum - Landscape in the Roman Campagna - Charles-François Daubigny.jpg|By [[Charles-François Daubigny]] |
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File:'Journey's Pause in the Roman Campagna', oil on canvas painting by Jervis McEntee.jpg|By [[Jervis McEntee]],''Journey's Pause in the Roman Campagna'' |
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File:A view of the Roman Campagna from Tivoli, evening (1644-5); Claude Gellée, called Le Lorrain.jpg|By [[Claude Gellée]],''A view of the Roman Campagna from Tivoli'' |
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File:Goethecut.png|By [[Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein]], Detail From ''Goethe in the Roman Campagna'', 1786/1787 |
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File:View of the Ponte Nomentano-1837-Pierre-Nicolas Brisset.jpg|By [[Pierre-Nicolas Brisset]],''View of the Ponte Nomentano'' |
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File:Italy by Frank Fox (24).jpeg|By Frank Fox |
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File:Nicolas antoine taunay - paisagem romana.jpg|By [[Nicolas Antoine Taunay]] |
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File:Campagna.jpg|By [[Jan Frans van Bloemen]], ''A Scene in the Roman Campagna'', 1736 |
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File:Goethe in der Campagna (Grabmal).jpg|By [[Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein]] |
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File:Goethe in der Campagna (Ruinen).jpg|By [[Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein]] |
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File:Behles, Edmund (1841-1924) - n. 79 - Acquedotti nella Campagna di Roma.jpg|By [[Edmund Behles]] |
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File:Wilhelm Oswald Gustav Achenbach, Abendstimmung in der Campagna.jpg|By [[Wilhelm Oswald Gustav Achenbach]] |
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File:Franz Ludwig Catel (1778 - 1856), Aussicht von Ariccia gegen das Meer.jpg|By [[Franz Ludwig Catel]] |
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File:Franz Nadorp Campagnalandschaft.jpg|By [[Franz Nadorp]] |
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File:Claude Lorrain 032.jpg|By [[Claude Lorrain]] |
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File:Claude Lorrain 031.jpg|By [[Claude Lorrain]] |
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File:Tusculum Amphitheatre.jpg|By [[Thomas Worthington Whittredge]], ''The Amphitheatre of Tusculum and Albano Mountains, Rome'', 1860 |
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File:Joseph Wright of Derby. The Convent of San Cosimato c.1786.jpg|By [[Joseph Wright of Derby|Joseph Wright]],''The Convent of San Cosimato'', c.1786 |
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File:Pie VI aux Marais Pontins.jpg|By [[Abraham-Louis-Rodolphe Ducros]], ''Pope [[Pius VI]]'s visit to the Pontine Marshes (1786) |
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File:Carl Spitzweg 047.jpg|By [[Carl Spitzweg]], English tourists in the Roman Campagna |
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File:ITALY, TWO GAY RAGAZZI OF THE CAMPAGNA.jpg|By [[Donald McLeish]], Two Gay Ragazzi of the Campagna |
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File:Strutt Pifferario.jpg|By [[Arthur John Strutt]] |
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File:Campagna Cecchina tramonto.JPG|Photo |
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File:Cecchina panorama campagna e mare.JPG|Photo |
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File:Cecchina di A.L. - panorama campagna con Monte Savello e Monte Cavo.JPG|Photo |
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File:Campagna di Roma.jpg|Map |
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File:Provincia di Campagna - Stato della Chiesa.jpg|''Map of Papal State Campagna province with Pontine Marshes (18th century)'' |
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File:Gerardus Mercator - Latium - 1589.PNG|[[Gerardus Mercator]]'s map |
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File:Campagnano mappa 1547.jpg|1547 map |
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File:Ciociaria vaticano.jpg|Map of Latium & Sabina |
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</gallery> |
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<br> |
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{{Lazio}} |
{{Lazio}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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{{Coord missing|Italy}} |
{{Coord missing|Italy}} |
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Latest revision as of 03:07, 3 February 2024
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The Roman Campagna (Italian: Campagna romana) is a low-lying area surrounding Rome in the Lazio region of central Italy, with an area of approximately 2,100 square kilometres (810 sq mi).
It is bordered by the Tolfa and Sabatini mountains to the north, the Alban Hills to the southeast, and the Tyrrhenian Sea to the southwest. The rivers Tiber and Aniene run through the area.
History[edit]
During the ancient Roman period, it was an important agricultural and residential area, but it was abandoned during the Middle Ages due to malaria and insufficient water supplies for farming needs. The pastoral beauty of the Campagna inspired the painters who flocked into Rome in the 18th and 19th centuries. During that time, the Campagna became the most painted landscape in Europe (see Gallery below). An excursion into the Roman countryside was an essential part of the Grand Tour.
The region was reclaimed in the 19th and 20th centuries for use in mixed farming, and new settlements have been built. Starting with the 1950s, the expansion of Rome destroyed large parts of the Campagna, all around the city. The only continuous green area where the natural resources of the region were saved from overbuilding is along the Appian Way.
Bibliography[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Roman Campagna.
- Carocci, Sandro; Vendittelli, Marco (2004). L'origine della Campagna Romana. Casali, castelli e villaggi nel XII e XIII secolo. Rome: Società Romana di Storia Patria.
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