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{{Infobox award
{{Infobox award
| name = John Scott Medal
| name = John Scott Award
| current_awards =
| current_awards =
| image = JohnScottMedal.jpg
| image = JohnScottMedal.jpg
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| alt =
| alt =
| caption =
| caption =
| description =
| awarded_for =
| presenter = The [[Franklin Institute]] and the [[Philadelphia City Council|City Council of Philadelphia]]
| presenter = The [[Franklin Institute]] and the [[Philadelphia City Council|City Council of Philadelphia]]
| country = [[United States of America|USA]]
| country = [[United States of America|USA]]
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| year2 =
| year2 =
| holder =
| holder =
| website =
| website =https://thejohnscottaward.github.io/jsc/index.html
}}
}}
'''The John Scott Legacy Medal and Premium''', created in 1816, is a medal presented to men and women whose [[invention]]s improved the "comfort, welfare, and happiness of human kind" in a significant way.<ref name="CityTrusts_johnscottaward">{{cite web|url=http://www.citytrusts.com/sundry.html |title=Sundry Trusts |publisher=Board of Directors of City Trusts of Philadelphia |accessdate=March 20, 2011}} "...the John Scott Medal Fund, established in 1816...".</ref> Since 1919 the Board of Directors of City Trusts of Philadelphia<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.citytrusts.com/ |title=Board of Directors of City Trusts |accessdate=March 27, 2011}}</ref> provide this award, recommended by an advisory committee.<ref name="garfield_johnscottaward">{{cite web|url=http://garfield.library.upenn.edu/johnscottaward.html |title=The John Scott Award |publisher=John Scott Award Advisory Committee |first=E. |last=Garfield |authorlink=Eugene Garfield |accessdate=March 21, 2011}} Eugene Garfield is member of the Advisory Committee.</ref><ref name="Science_1922_johnscottmedal">{{cite journal |date=March 31, 1922 |title=John Scott Medal Fund |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=55 |issue=1422 |page=344 |publisher=[[American Association for the Advancement of Science]] |doi=10.1126/science.55.1422.344-a |pmid= |pmc= |url=http://www.sciencemag.org/content/55/1422/344.1.extract |accessdate=March 27, 2011 }}</ref>
'''John Scott Award''', created in 1816 as the '''John Scott Legacy Medal and Premium''', is presented to men and women whose [[invention]]s improved the "comfort, welfare, and happiness of human kind" in a significant way.<ref name="CityTrusts_johnscottaward">{{cite web |url=http://www.citytrusts.com/sundry.html |title=Sundry Trusts |publisher=Board of Directors of City Trusts of Philadelphia |access-date=March 20, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120321153922/http://www.citytrusts.com/sundry.html |archive-date=March 21, 2012 }} "...the John Scott Medal Fund, established in 1816...".</ref> Since 1919 the Board of Directors of City Trusts of Philadelphia<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.citytrusts.com/ |title=Board of Directors of City Trusts |access-date=March 27, 2011}}</ref> provide this award, recommended by an advisory committee.<ref name="garfield_johnscottaward">{{cite web|url=http://garfield.library.upenn.edu/johnscottaward.html |title=The John Scott Award |publisher=John Scott Award Advisory Committee |first=E. |last=Garfield |author-link=Eugene Garfield |access-date=March 21, 2011}} Eugene Garfield is member of the Advisory Committee.</ref><ref name="Science_1922_johnscottmedal">{{cite journal |date=March 31, 1922 |title=John Scott Medal Fund |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=55 |issue=1422 |page=344 |publisher=[[American Association for the Advancement of Science]] |doi=10.1126/science.55.1422.344-a |url=https://www.science.org/doi/abs/10.1126/science.55.1422.344.a |access-date=March 27, 2011 }}</ref>


In 1822 the first awards were given to thirteen people by the [[Philadelphia Society for Promoting Agriculture]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pspaonline.com/ |title=Philadelphia Society for Promoting Agriculture |accessdate=March 23, 2011}}</ref> entrusted by the "[[Philadelphia City Council|Corporation of the city of Philadelphia]]".<ref name="AJS_johnscottaward">{{cite journal |author=[[Benjamin Silliman]] |year=1830 |title=Miscellanies - Premiums for useful inventions |journal=[[American Journal of Science and Arts]] |volume=18 |issue=July |page=382 |publisher=Hezekiah Howe |doi= |pmid= |pmc= |url=http://books.google.be/books?id=_PQQAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA382#v=onepage&q&f=false |accessdate=March 23, 2011 }}</ref>
In 1822 the first awards were given to thirteen people by the Philadelphia Society for Promoting Agriculture<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pspaonline.com/ |title=Philadelphia Society for Promoting Agriculture |access-date=March 23, 2011}}</ref> entrusted by the "[[Philadelphia City Council|Corporation of the city of Philadelphia]]".<ref name="AJS_johnscottaward">{{cite journal |author=Benjamin Silliman |year=1830 |title=Miscellanies - Premiums for useful inventions |journal=[[American Journal of Science and Arts]] |volume=18 |issue=July |page=382 |publisher=Hezekiah Howe |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_PQQAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA382 |access-date=March 23, 2011 |author-link=Benjamin Silliman }}</ref>


The druggist John Scott of [[Edinburgh]] organized a $4,000 fund which, after his death in 1815 was administered by a merchant until the first award, a copper medal and "an amount not to exceed twenty dollars", was given in 1822. (At the time, $20 could buy one ox or a 12-volume encyclopedia.) Several hundred recipients have since been selected by the [[Philadelphia City Council|City Council of Philadelphia]], which decides from the annual list of nominees made by the [[Franklin Institute]].
The druggist John Scott of [[Edinburgh]] organized a $4,000 fund which, after his death in 1815 was administered by a merchant until the first award, a copper medal and "an amount not to exceed twenty dollars", was given in 1822. (At the time, $20 could buy one ox or a 12-volume encyclopedia.) Several hundred recipients have since been selected by the [[Philadelphia City Council|City Council of Philadelphia]], which decides from the annual list of nominees made by the [[Franklin Institute]].


== Notable recipients ==
Most awards have been given for inventions in science and medicine. Famous
Most awards have been given for inventions in science and medicine. Notable
recipients include
recipients include:
[[Madame Curie]],
{{div col|colwidth=15em}}
[[Thomas Edison]],
*[[Luis W. Alvarez]]
the [[Wright brothers]],
*[[Frederick G. Banting]]
[[Nikola Tesla]],
[[Edwin Land]],
*[[John Bardeen]]
*[[James Black (pharmacologist)|James Black]]
[[Jonas Salk]],
[[Irving Langmuir]],
*[[William T. Bovie]]
*[[Ralph L. Brinster]]
[[Benoît Mandelbrot]],
*[[Marie Curie]]
[[Robert Burns Woodward]],
*[[William Duane (physicist)|William Duane]]
[[Glenn Seaborg]],
*[[Thomas Edison]]
[[Edgar Sharp McFadden]],
*[[Alexander Fleming]]
[[Frederick G. Banting]],
*[[Peter Koch (wood scientist)|Peter Koch]]
[[Humberto Fernandez Moran]],
*[[Irving Langmuir]]
[[Luis W. Alvarez]],
*[[Edwin Land]]
[[Guglielmo Marconi]], [[William T. Bovie]],
*[[Christian J. Lambertsen]]
[[John Bardeen]],
[[Kary B. Mullis]],
*[[Luther D. Lovekin]]
*[[Benoît Mandelbrot]]
[[Alexander Fleming]],
[[Lyle Goodhue]],
*[[Guglielmo Marconi]]
*[[Edgar Sharp McFadden]]<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/finding_aids-manuscript/75|title=E.S. (Edgar Sharp) McFadden Papers|date=Jan 1, 2019|journal=Manuscript Archive|accessdate=Jun 5, 2022}}</ref>
[[Ralph L. Brinster]], and
*[[Humberto Fernandez Moran]]
Professor [[Richard E. Smalley]].
*[[Kary B. Mullis]]
*[[Jonas Salk]]
*[[Glenn Seaborg]]
*[[Richard E. Smalley]]
*[[Nikola Tesla]]
*[[Wright brothers]]
*[[Robert Burns Woodward]]
*[[David Gestetner]]{{div col end}}


==Recent winners==
In 2010, the award went to [[Christian J. Lambertsen]].
{|class="wikitable"
! Year
! Winner
! Area of Innovation
|-
| rowspan="2" |2023<ref name="2023 Awardees">{{cite web |title=The John Scott Award |url=https://thejohnscottaward.github.io/jsc/recent.html |website=thejohnscottaward.github.io |publisher=The John Scott Award |access-date=11 April 2024}}</ref>
|[[Michael E. Mann]]
|''scientific understanding of historic climate change''
|-
|[[Robert H. Socolow]]
|''pioneering new concepts and creating new fields in energy and the environment''
|-
| rowspan="3" |2022 {{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}
|[[Gary Beauchamp]]
|''translational research on taste, smell, and flavor''
|-
|[[Nancy Bonini]]
|''use of Drosophila to gain insight into degenerative diseases of the brain''
|-
|Barry Arkles
|''Silicon-based science for medical devices and polymeric materials''
|-
| rowspan="2" |2021 {{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}
|[[Katalin Karikó|Katalin Kariko]]
|''stable mRNA enabling gene-induced immune response''
|-
|[[Drew Weissman]]
|''mRNA approach to enable-induced response within the human body''
|-
| rowspan="3" |2020 {{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}
|[[Jean Bennett]]
|''Gene therapies for curing retinal degeneration''
|-
|[[William DeGrado]]
|''development of antimicrobial peptides''
|-
|[[Michael L. Klein|Michael Klein]]
|''algorithms for computational simulation of biological systems''
|-
|rowspan=3| 2019
| [[Emily A. Carter]] || ''reverse combustion''
|-
| [[Charles L. Kane]] || ''topological insulators''
|-
| [[Eugene Mele]] || ''topological insulators''
|-
|rowspan=2| 2018
| [[James West (inventor)|James West]] || ''foil electret microphone''
|-
| [[Bjarne Stroustrup]] || ''c++ computer programming language''
|-
|rowspan=3| 2017
| [[Ruzena Bajcsy]] || ''robotics and engineering science''
|-
| [[Warren Ewens]] || ''population genetics research''
|-
| [[Masatoshi Nei]] || ''evolutionary theory''
|-
|rowspan=4| 2016
| [[Emmanuelle Charpentier]] ||rowspan=3| ''CRISPR-Cas genome editing''
|-
| [[Jennifer Doudna]]
|-
| [[Feng Zhang]]
|-
| [[Carl H. June]] || ''cancer immunology''
|-
|rowspan=2| 2015
| [[Madeleine M. Joullié]] || ''synthetic chemistry''
|-
| [[John P. Perdew]] || ''density functional theory''
|-
|rowspan=3| 2014
| [[Susan Band Horwitz]] || ''cancer therapeutics''
|-
| [[Leonard Hayflick]] ||rowspan=2| ''discovery of cellular senescence''<br>''and innovations in microscopy''
|-
| [[Paul S. Moorhead]]
|-
|rowspan=3| 2013<ref name=JohnScottAward>{{cite news|last=Vitez|first=Michael|title=3 Phila. medical men to be honored|newspaper=[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]]|date=21 November 2013}}</ref>
| [[Leslie Dutton|P. Leslie Dutton]] || ''[[redox]] reactions in biochemistry''
|-
| [[N. Scott Adzick]] || ''fetal surgery''
|-
| [[Robert L. Brent]] || ''environmental causes of birth defects''
|-
|rowspan=3| 2012
| [[Paul J. Steinhardt]] || ''quasicrystals''
|-
| [[John Q. Trojanowski]] ||rowspan=2| ''neurodegenerative diseases''
|-
| [[Virginia M.-Y. Lee|Virginia Man-Yee Lee]]
|-
|rowspan=2| 2011
| [[David E. Kuhl]] || ''PET scans''
|-
| [[Jenny Pickworth Glusker]] || ''crystallography''
|-
|rowspan=2| 2010
| [[Christian J. Lambertsen]] || ''underwater diving equipment''
|-
| [[William Eaton (scientist)|William A. Eaton]] || ''protein aggregation and folding''
|}


== See also ==
In 2013, the award was given to biochemist and biophysicist [[Leslie Dutton|P. Leslie Dutton]] and to two physicians working with birth defects, [[N. Scott Adzick]] and [[Robert L. Brent]].<ref name=JohnScottAward>{{cite news|last=Vitez|first=Michael|title=3 Phila. medical men to be honored|accessdate=21 November 2013|newspaper=Philadelphia Inquirer|date=21 November 2013}}</ref>
* [[Carl Roman Abt#Biography|Carl Roman Abt]], A past recipient (1889)


==References==
==References==
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==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/johnscottaward.html The award webpage]
*[http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/johnscottaward.html The award webpage]
*[http://www.fi.edu/learn/case-files/sperry-2524/scott.html The Franklin Institute: The John Scott Legacy Medal]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20111017220213/http://www.fi.edu/learn/case-files/sperry-2524/scott.html The Franklin Institute: The John Scott Legacy Medal]
*{{cite web|url=http://www.fi.edu/winners/show_results.faw?gs=&ln=&fn=&keyword=&subject=&award=SCOTT&sy=1830&ey=1920&name=Submit |title=Franklin Laureate Database - John Scott Medal Laureates |publisher=[[Franklin Institute]] |accessdate=March 19, 2011}} Medals rewarded by The Franklin Institute between 1832 and 1918.
*{{cite web|url=http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/johnscottaward/johnscottaward%28full%29.html |title=The John Scott Award Recipients |publisher=[[Eugene Garfield]] at [[University of Pennsylvania]] |access-date=28 September 2018}} Medals awarded by The Franklin Institute between 1822 and 2017.


[[Category:Awards established in 1816]]
[[Category:Awards established in 1816]]
[[Category:Invention awards]]
[[Category:Invention awards]]
[[Category:History of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:History of Philadelphia]]
[[Category:Franklin Institute awards]]
[[Category:Franklin Institute awards]]
[[Category:American awards]]
[[Category:American awards]]

Latest revision as of 22:16, 11 April 2024

John Scott Award
CountryUSA
Presented byThe Franklin Institute and the City Council of Philadelphia
First awarded1816
Websitehttps://thejohnscottaward.github.io/jsc/index.html

John Scott Award, created in 1816 as the John Scott Legacy Medal and Premium, is presented to men and women whose inventions improved the "comfort, welfare, and happiness of human kind" in a significant way.[1] Since 1919 the Board of Directors of City Trusts of Philadelphia[2] provide this award, recommended by an advisory committee.[3][4]

In 1822 the first awards were given to thirteen people by the Philadelphia Society for Promoting Agriculture[5] entrusted by the "Corporation of the city of Philadelphia".[6]

The druggist John Scott of Edinburgh organized a $4,000 fund which, after his death in 1815 was administered by a merchant until the first award, a copper medal and "an amount not to exceed twenty dollars", was given in 1822. (At the time, $20 could buy one ox or a 12-volume encyclopedia.) Several hundred recipients have since been selected by the City Council of Philadelphia, which decides from the annual list of nominees made by the Franklin Institute.

Notable recipients[edit]

Most awards have been given for inventions in science and medicine. Notable recipients include:

Recent winners[edit]

Year Winner Area of Innovation
2023[8] Michael E. Mann scientific understanding of historic climate change
Robert H. Socolow pioneering new concepts and creating new fields in energy and the environment
2022 [citation needed] Gary Beauchamp translational research on taste, smell, and flavor
Nancy Bonini use of Drosophila to gain insight into degenerative diseases of the brain
Barry Arkles Silicon-based science for medical devices and polymeric materials
2021 [citation needed] Katalin Kariko stable mRNA enabling gene-induced immune response
Drew Weissman mRNA approach to enable-induced response within the human body
2020 [citation needed] Jean Bennett Gene therapies for curing retinal degeneration
William DeGrado development of antimicrobial peptides
Michael Klein algorithms for computational simulation of biological systems
2019 Emily A. Carter reverse combustion
Charles L. Kane topological insulators
Eugene Mele topological insulators
2018 James West foil electret microphone
Bjarne Stroustrup c++ computer programming language
2017 Ruzena Bajcsy robotics and engineering science
Warren Ewens population genetics research
Masatoshi Nei evolutionary theory
2016 Emmanuelle Charpentier CRISPR-Cas genome editing
Jennifer Doudna
Feng Zhang
Carl H. June cancer immunology
2015 Madeleine M. Joullié synthetic chemistry
John P. Perdew density functional theory
2014 Susan Band Horwitz cancer therapeutics
Leonard Hayflick discovery of cellular senescence
and innovations in microscopy
Paul S. Moorhead
2013[9] P. Leslie Dutton redox reactions in biochemistry
N. Scott Adzick fetal surgery
Robert L. Brent environmental causes of birth defects
2012 Paul J. Steinhardt quasicrystals
John Q. Trojanowski neurodegenerative diseases
Virginia Man-Yee Lee
2011 David E. Kuhl PET scans
Jenny Pickworth Glusker crystallography
2010 Christian J. Lambertsen underwater diving equipment
William A. Eaton protein aggregation and folding

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Sundry Trusts". Board of Directors of City Trusts of Philadelphia. Archived from the original on March 21, 2012. Retrieved March 20, 2011. "...the John Scott Medal Fund, established in 1816...".
  2. ^ "Board of Directors of City Trusts". Retrieved March 27, 2011.
  3. ^ Garfield, E. "The John Scott Award". John Scott Award Advisory Committee. Retrieved March 21, 2011. Eugene Garfield is member of the Advisory Committee.
  4. ^ "John Scott Medal Fund". Science. 55 (1422). American Association for the Advancement of Science: 344. March 31, 1922. doi:10.1126/science.55.1422.344-a. Retrieved March 27, 2011.
  5. ^ "Philadelphia Society for Promoting Agriculture". Retrieved March 23, 2011.
  6. ^ Benjamin Silliman (1830). "Miscellanies - Premiums for useful inventions". American Journal of Science and Arts. 18 (July). Hezekiah Howe: 382. Retrieved March 23, 2011.
  7. ^ "E.S. (Edgar Sharp) McFadden Papers". Manuscript Archive. Jan 1, 2019. Retrieved Jun 5, 2022.
  8. ^ "The John Scott Award". thejohnscottaward.github.io. The John Scott Award. Retrieved 11 April 2024.
  9. ^ Vitez, Michael (21 November 2013). "3 Phila. medical men to be honored". The Philadelphia Inquirer.

External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Scott_Medal&oldid=1218472428"