Otay River: Difference between revisions

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Coordinates: 32°36′23″N 116°55′29″W / 32.60639°N 116.92472°W / 32.60639; -116.92472
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{{short description|River in the United States of America}}
{{Geobox|River
{{use mdy dates|date=August 2022}}
<!-- *** Heading *** -->
{{Infobox river
| name = Otay River
| name = Otay River
| native_name =
| other_name =
| name_native =
| category =
| name_native_lang =
| name_other =
<!-- *** Names **** -->
| etymology =
| name_etymology =
<!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP -->
| nickname =
| image = Otay River - October 2017.jpg
<!-- *** Image *** -->
| image_caption = The river as it flows at the northern extreme of [[Imperial Beach, California]]
| image = F-16N A-4F NFWS over Lower Otay Reservoir 1991.JPEG
| map =
| image_caption = Lower Otay Lake with aircraft from [[United States Navy Fighter Weapons School|TOPGUN]]
| map_size =
| image_size = 280px
| map_caption =
<!-- *** Country *** -->
| pushpin_map =
| country = United States
| pushpin_map_size =
| state = [[California]]
| pushpin_map_caption=
| region = [[San Diego County]]
<!---------------------- LOCATION -->
| district =
| subdivision_type1 = Country
| municipality =
| subdivision_name1 = [[United States]]
<!-- *** Family *** -->
| subdivision_type2 = State
| parent =
| subdivision_name2 = [[California]]
| tributary_left = Jamul Creek
| subdivision_type3 = Region
| tributary_right =
| subdivision_name3 = [[San Diego County]]
| city =
| landmark =
| subdivision_type4 =
| subdivision_name4 =
| river =
| subdivision_type5 =
<!-- *** River locations *** -->
| subdivision_name5 =
| source = Outlet of [[Lower Otay Reservoir]]
<!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS -->
| source_location = Otay County Open Space Preserve| source_region = | source_country =
| length = {{convert|25|mi|km|abbr=on}}
| source_elevation_imperial = 392
| width_min =
| source_lat_d = 32| source_lat_m = 36| source_lat_s = 39| source_lat_NS =N
| width_avg =
| source_long_d = 117| source_long_m = 06| source_long_s = 59| source_long_EW =W
| source1 =
| width_max =
| depth_min =
| source1_location = | source1_region = | source1_country =
| depth_avg =
| source1_elevation_imperial =
| depth_max =
| source1_lat_d = | source1_lat_m = | source1_lat_s = | source1_lat_NS =
| discharge1_location=
| source1_long_d = | source1_long_m = | source1_long_s = | source1_long_EW =
| source_confluence =
| discharge1_min =
| discharge1_avg =
| source_confluence_location = | source_confluence_region = | source_confluence_country =
| discharge1_max =
| source_confluence_elevation_imperial =
<!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES -->
| source_confluence_lat_d = | source_confluence_lat_m = | source_confluence_lat_s = | source_confluence_lat_NS =
| source1 = Outlet of [[Lower Otay Reservoir]]
| source_confluence_long_d = | source_confluence_long_m = | source_confluence_long_s = | source_confluence_long_EW =
| source1_location = Otay County Open Space Preserve
| mouth = [[San Diego Bay]]
| source1_coordinates= {{coord|32|36|39|N|117|06|59|W|display=inline}}
| mouth_location = [[Imperial Beach, California|Imperial Beach]]| mouth_region = | mouth_country =
| source1_elevation = {{convert|392|ft|abbr=on}}
| mouth_elevation_imperial = 0
| mouth = [[San Diego Bay]]
| mouth_lat_d = 32| mouth_lat_m = 36| mouth_lat_s = 23| mouth_lat_NS =N
| mouth_location = [[Imperial Beach, California|Imperial Beach]]
| mouth_long_d = 116| mouth_long_m = 55| mouth_long_s = 29| mouth_long_EW =W
| mouth_coordinates = {{coord|32|36|23|N|116|55|29|W|display=inline,title}}
<!-- *** Dimensions *** -->
| mouth_elevation = {{convert|0|ft|abbr=on}}
| length_imperial = 25| length_orientation =
| progression =
| width_imperial = | width_orientation =
| depth_imperial =
| river_system =
| basin_size = {{convert|160|sqmi|abbr=on}}
| volume_imperial =
| tributaries_left = Jamul Creek
| watershed_imperial =145
| tributaries_right =
| discharge_imperial =
| custom_label =
| discharge_max_imperial =
| custom_data =
| discharge_min_imperial =
| extra =
<!-- *** Free fields *** -->
| free = | free_type =
<!-- *** Maps *** -->
| map =
| map_caption =
| map_background =
| map_locator =
| map_locator_x =
| map_locator_y =
<!-- *** Website *** -->
| website =
| commons =
<!-- *** Footnotes *** -->
| footnotes =
}}
}}


The '''Otay River''' is a [[river]] in southern [[San Diego County, California]]. The {{convert|25|mi|abbr=on}} river begins at [[San Miguel Mountain]], flows through the Upper and Lower Otay Reservoirs, and continues on between the southern part of the [[Chula Vista, California|Chula Vista]] and the Otay Mesa West district of [[San Diego]], to its [[river mouth]] on [[San Diego Bay]].
The '''Otay River''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|oʊ|t|ai}}) is a [[river]] in southern [[San Diego County, California]]. The {{convert|25|mi|abbr=on}} river begins at [[San Miguel Mountain]], flows through the Upper and Lower Otay Reservoirs, and continues on between the southern part of the [[Chula Vista, California|Chula Vista]] and the Otay Mesa West district of [[San Diego]], to its [[river mouth]] on [[San Diego Bay]].

==River==
The river has a {{convert|160|mi2|adj=on}} watershed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sdbay.sdsu.edu/education/otay.php |title=The Otay Watershed (HU 910.00) |author=<!--Not stated--> |website=San Diego Bay Watersheds Common Ground Project |publisher=San Diego State University |access-date=11 November 2017}}</ref> To its north is the watershed of [[Sweetwater River (California)|Sweetwater River]], and to its south is the watershed of [[Tijuana River]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ca.water.usgs.gov/sandiego/images/maps/pdfs_2014/Base02_fig01b_study_area_201002.pdf |title=Real-time water-data collection sites in the San Diego County Drainage Basins study area |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=29 June 2009 |website=California Water Science Center |publisher=United States Geological Survey |access-date=11 November 2017 }}</ref> Between [[Interstate 5 in California|Interstate 5]] and [[Interstate 805]] is [[Otay Valley Regional Park]].<ref>{{cite news |author=The Canyoneers |date=2 December 2015 |title=Hike along one of the three rivers that discharge into San Diego Bay |url=https://www.sandiegoreader.com/news/2015/dec/02/roam-otay-valley/ |work=San Diego Reader |access-date=11 November 2017 }}</ref> {{as of|2016}}, there is a plan to restore part of its pre-[[History of California before 1900#California under Mexican rule (1821–1846)|Mexican era]] estuary on lands utilized by the [[South Bay Salt Works]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fws.gov/cno/pdf/Large_pdfs/OtayRiverEstuary_DEIS.pdf |title=Draft Environmental Impact Statement for the Otay River Estuary Restoration Project |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=October 2016 |website=San Diego Bay National Wildlife Refuge |publisher=United States Fish and Wildlife Service |access-date=11 November 2017 }}<br/>{{cite web |url=https://www.fws.gov/refuge/San_Diego_Bay/what_we_do/Resource_Management/Otay_Restoration/Otay_River_Estuary_Restoration_Project.html |title=Otay River Estuary Restoration Project |last=−Collins |first=Brian |website=San Diego Bay |publisher=United States Fish and Wildlife Service |access-date=11 November 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Diehl |first=Phil |date=2022-08-08 |title=Poseidon failed to start wetlands restoration on time, says Coastal Commission |url=https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/communities/north-county/carlsbad/story/2022-08-08/carlsbad-desal-plant-in-violation-of-permit |access-date=2022-08-08 |newspaper=San Diego Union-Tribune |language=en-US}}</ref>


==Otay Reservoirs==
==Otay Reservoirs==
[[Savage Dam]], completed in 1919, forms the {{convert|49510|acre.ft|m3|abbr=on}} [[Lower Otay Reservoir]], which is used to supply drinking water to parts of southern San Diego County. The reservoir is also the terminus for Pipeline 3 of the [[San Diego Aqueduct|Second San Diego Aqueduct]], which delivers water from the [[Colorado River]] via the [[Colorado River Aqueduct]].
[[Savage Dam]], completed in 1921,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.loc.gov/item/2008677077/ |title=The new Lower Otay Dam, completed in 1921 to replace the rockfill structure washed out by the 1916 floods |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=1995 |website=Library of Congress |access-date=11 November 2017 }}</ref> forms the {{convert|49510|acre.ft|m3|abbr=on}} [[Lower Otay Reservoir]], which is used to supply drinking water to parts of southern San Diego County.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.sandiego.gov/water/quality/watersources/treatmentprocess/treatmentplants |title=Water Treatment Plants |author=<!--Not stated--> |website=Water |publisher=City of San Diego |access-date=11 November 2017 }}</ref> The reservoir is also the terminus for Pipeline 3 of the [[San Diego Aqueduct|Second San Diego Aqueduct]], which delivers water from the [[Colorado River]] via the [[Colorado River Aqueduct]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.usbr.gov/projects/index.php?id=389 |title=San Diego Project |author=<!--Not stated--> |website=United States Bureau of Reclamation |access-date=11 November 2017 }}</ref> Its predecessor, the [[Lower Otay Dam]] was a "rockhill type", which was completed in 1897;<ref name=PM1910 /> it failed in 1916 following heavy rains.<ref>{{cite tech report |first=H.D. |last=McGlashan |first2=F.C. |last2=Ebert |title=Southern California Floods of January, 1916 |number=Water-Supply Paper 426 |institution=United States Geological Survey |year=1918 }}<br/>{{cite news |last=Krier |first=Robert |date=21 November 2016 |title=Rain promised, flood followed in 1916 |url=http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/sdut-charles-hatfield-1916-rainfall-el-nino-san-diego-2015nov21-htmlstory.html |work=San Diego Union-Tribune |access-date=11 November 2017 }}</ref>


The [[Upper Otay Reservoir]] is formed by Upper Otay Dam, built in 1901. The reservoir was established as a [[hatchery]] for the introduction of Florida-strain [[largemouth bass]] in 1959. The reservoir was chemically treated first, which killed all of the native [[fish]]. In 1996, the reservoir was opened to [[fishing]], but all fish caught must be released.
The [[Upper Otay Reservoir]] is formed by Upper Otay Dam, built in 1901.<ref name=PM1910>{{cite book|title=Pacific Municipalities|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kzVOAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA1-PA107|year=1910|page=107}}</ref> The reservoir was established as a [[hatchery]] for the introduction of Florida-strain [[largemouth bass]] in 1959.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://bassfishingarchives.com/florida-strain-bass-changed-the-world-of-bass-fishing/ |title=Florida-Strain Bass Changed the World of Bass Fishing |last=Rice |first=Bill |date=1 November 2012 |website=Bass Fishing Archive |access-date=11 November 2017 }}</ref> The reservoir was chemically treated first, which killed all of the native [[fish]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Monte Burke|title=Sowbelly: The Obsessive Quest for the World-Record Largemouth Bass|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7C1qDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT28|date=28 February 2006|publisher=Penguin Publishing Group|isbn=978-1-101-66654-8|page=28}}</ref> In 1996, the reservoir was opened to [[fishing]], but all fish caught must be released.<ref>{{cite news |last=Zieralski |first=Ed |date=7 January 2015 |title=Upper Otay project continues |url=http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/sports/outdoors/sdut-outdoors-upper-otay-reservoir-2015jan07-story.html |work=San Diego Union-Tribune |access-date=11 November 2017 }}</ref>


Since the river is used as a municipal water supply, there is no human contact allowed at either of the Otay Reservoirs.
Since the river is used as a municipal water supply, there is no human contact allowed at either of the Otay Reservoirs.


Early testing of manned gliders by noted aviator [[John J. Montgomery]] occurred in the region in the late 19th century.
Early testing of manned gliders by noted aviator [[John J. Montgomery]] occurred in the region in the late 19th century.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Gary B. Fogel|author2=Craig S. Harwood|title=Quest for Flight: John J. Montgomery and the Dawn of Aviation in the West|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Tc1x40255swC&pg=PA39|date=11 October 2012|publisher=University of Oklahoma Press|isbn=978-0-8061-8781-5|pages=39–40}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
* {{cite web | author= | title=Otay Watershed | url=http://www.projectcleanwater.org/html/ws_otay.html | publisher=Project Clean Water | date= | accessdate=2009-03-22}}

* {{cite book | last=Cohen | first=Saul Bernard | chapter=Osseo to Palmhurst: Otay River | title=Columbia Gazetteer of North America | location=New York | publisher=Columbia University Press | year=2000 | chapterurl=http://www1.bartleby.com/69/50/O03050.html | isbn=0-231-11990-9 }}
==Further reading==
* {{cite web | title=Otay Watershed | url=http://www.projectcleanwater.org/html/ws_otay.html | publisher=Project Clean Water | access-date=2009-03-22}}
* {{cite book | last=Cohen | first=Saul Bernard | chapter=Osseo to Palmhurst: Otay River | title=Columbia Gazetteer of North America | location=New York | publisher=Columbia University Press | year=2000 | chapter-url=http://www1.bartleby.com/69/50/O03050.html | isbn=0-231-11990-9 | url-access=registration | url=https://archive.org/details/columbiagazettee0000unse }}
* [http://www.co.san-diego.ca.us/dplu/docs/05-06FinalDraft_OtayRiverWMP.pdf Otay River Watershed Management Plan]. San Diego County, Accessed 2011-01-28
* [http://www.co.san-diego.ca.us/dplu/docs/05-06FinalDraft_OtayRiverWMP.pdf Otay River Watershed Management Plan]. San Diego County, Accessed 2011-01-28
* Harwood, Craig S. and Fogel, Gary B. ''Quest for Flight: John J. Montgomery and the Dawn of Aviation in the West,'' University of Oklahoma Press, 2012.


{{commons}}
{{Southern California major watersheds}}
{{Southern California major watersheds}}


[[Category:Rivers of San Diego County, California]]
[[Category:Rivers of San Diego County, California]]
[[Category:San Diego Bay watershed]]
[[Category:San Diego Bay watershed]]
[[Category:Chula Vista, California]]
[[Category:Geography of San Diego]]
[[Category:San Ysidro Mountains]]
[[Category:South Bay (San Diego County)]]
[[Category:Rivers of Southern California]]
[[Category:Rivers of Southern California]]

Revision as of 13:44, 11 May 2024

Otay River
The river as it flows at the northern extreme of Imperial Beach, California
Location
CountryUnited States
StateCalifornia
RegionSan Diego County
Physical characteristics
SourceOutlet of Lower Otay Reservoir
 • locationOtay County Open Space Preserve
 • coordinates32°36′39″N 117°06′59″W / 32.61083°N 117.11639°W / 32.61083; -117.11639
 • elevation392 ft (119 m)
MouthSan Diego Bay
 • location
Imperial Beach
 • coordinates
32°36′23″N 116°55′29″W / 32.60639°N 116.92472°W / 32.60639; -116.92472
 • elevation
0 ft (0 m)
Length25 mi (40 km)
Basin size160 sq mi (410 km2)
Basin features
Tributaries 
 • leftJamul Creek

The Otay River (/ˈoʊtaɪ/) is a river in southern San Diego County, California. The 25 mi (40 km) river begins at San Miguel Mountain, flows through the Upper and Lower Otay Reservoirs, and continues on between the southern part of the Chula Vista and the Otay Mesa West district of San Diego, to its river mouth on San Diego Bay.

River

The river has a 160-square-mile (410 km2) watershed.[1] To its north is the watershed of Sweetwater River, and to its south is the watershed of Tijuana River.[2] Between Interstate 5 and Interstate 805 is Otay Valley Regional Park.[3] As of 2016, there is a plan to restore part of its pre-Mexican era estuary on lands utilized by the South Bay Salt Works.[4][5]

Otay Reservoirs

Savage Dam, completed in 1921,[6] forms the 49,510 acre⋅ft (61,070,000 m3) Lower Otay Reservoir, which is used to supply drinking water to parts of southern San Diego County.[7] The reservoir is also the terminus for Pipeline 3 of the Second San Diego Aqueduct, which delivers water from the Colorado River via the Colorado River Aqueduct.[8] Its predecessor, the Lower Otay Dam was a "rockhill type", which was completed in 1897;[9] it failed in 1916 following heavy rains.[10]

The Upper Otay Reservoir is formed by Upper Otay Dam, built in 1901.[9] The reservoir was established as a hatchery for the introduction of Florida-strain largemouth bass in 1959.[11] The reservoir was chemically treated first, which killed all of the native fish.[12] In 1996, the reservoir was opened to fishing, but all fish caught must be released.[13]

Since the river is used as a municipal water supply, there is no human contact allowed at either of the Otay Reservoirs.

Early testing of manned gliders by noted aviator John J. Montgomery occurred in the region in the late 19th century.[14]

References

  1. ^ "The Otay Watershed (HU 910.00)". San Diego Bay Watersheds Common Ground Project. San Diego State University. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
  2. ^ "Real-time water-data collection sites in the San Diego County Drainage Basins study area" (PDF). California Water Science Center. United States Geological Survey. June 29, 2009. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
  3. ^ The Canyoneers (December 2, 2015). "Hike along one of the three rivers that discharge into San Diego Bay". San Diego Reader. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
  4. ^ "Draft Environmental Impact Statement for the Otay River Estuary Restoration Project" (PDF). San Diego Bay National Wildlife Refuge. United States Fish and Wildlife Service. October 2016. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
    −Collins, Brian. "Otay River Estuary Restoration Project". San Diego Bay. United States Fish and Wildlife Service. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
  5. ^ Diehl, Phil (August 8, 2022). "Poseidon failed to start wetlands restoration on time, says Coastal Commission". San Diego Union-Tribune. Retrieved August 8, 2022.
  6. ^ "The new Lower Otay Dam, completed in 1921 to replace the rockfill structure washed out by the 1916 floods". Library of Congress. 1995. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
  7. ^ "Water Treatment Plants". Water. City of San Diego. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
  8. ^ "San Diego Project". United States Bureau of Reclamation. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
  9. ^ a b Pacific Municipalities. 1910. p. 107.
  10. ^ McGlashan, H.D.; Ebert, F.C. (1918). Southern California Floods of January, 1916 (Technical report). United States Geological Survey. Water-Supply Paper 426.
    Krier, Robert (November 21, 2016). "Rain promised, flood followed in 1916". San Diego Union-Tribune. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
  11. ^ Rice, Bill (November 1, 2012). "Florida-Strain Bass Changed the World of Bass Fishing". Bass Fishing Archive. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
  12. ^ Monte Burke (February 28, 2006). Sowbelly: The Obsessive Quest for the World-Record Largemouth Bass. Penguin Publishing Group. p. 28. ISBN 978-1-101-66654-8.
  13. ^ Zieralski, Ed (January 7, 2015). "Upper Otay project continues". San Diego Union-Tribune. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
  14. ^ Gary B. Fogel; Craig S. Harwood (October 11, 2012). Quest for Flight: John J. Montgomery and the Dawn of Aviation in the West. University of Oklahoma Press. pp. 39–40. ISBN 978-0-8061-8781-5.

Further reading

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