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==Design==
==Design==
The PZL.49 was a development of advanced, "state-of-the-art"<ref>Jerzy Lukowski, Hubert Zawadzki, ''A Concise History of Poland'', Cambridge University Press, 2001, ISBN 0521559170, [http://books.google.com/books?id=NpMxTvBuWHYC&pg=PR11&dq=PZL+39+%C5%81o%C5%9B&as_brr=3 Google Print, p. xi]</ref> [[medium bomber]] [[PZL.37 Łoś]], designed by [[Jerzy Dąbrowski]], [[Stanisław Kot]] and [[Piotr Kubicki]].<ref name=samoloty>{{pl icon}} [http://www.samoloty.ow.pl/str250.htm PZL-49 "Miś"]</ref> About 50% of elements were taken from PZL.37 Łoś bomber to simplify design process. Main target for design team was increase of performance, especially flight speed, by means of installing more powerful engines and improving aerodynamics. Standard 2200 kg bomb load could be increased up to 3000 kg by decreasing fuel load. Standard 2200 km range could be increased to 3000 km with additional fuel tanks.
The PZL.49 was a development of the advanced, "state-of-the-art"<ref>Jerzy Lukowski, Hubert Zawadzki, ''A Concise History of Poland'', Cambridge University Press, 2001, ISBN 0521559170, [http://books.google.com/books?id=NpMxTvBuWHYC&pg=PR11&dq=PZL+39+%C5%81o%C5%9B&as_brr=3 Google Print, p. xi]</ref> [[medium bomber]] [[PZL.37 Łoś]], designed by [[Jerzy Dąbrowski]], [[Stanisław Kot]] and [[Piotr Kubicki]].<ref name=samoloty>{{pl icon}} [http://www.samoloty.ow.pl/str250.htm PZL-49 "Miś"]</ref> About 50% of its design elements were taken from PZL.37 Łoś bomber to simplify the design process. The main target for the design team was to increase performance, especially flight speed, by means of installing more powerful engines and improving aerodynamics. Its standard 2,200 kg bomb load could be increased to 3,000 kg by decreasing its fuel load. Its standard 2,200 km range could be increased to 3,000 km with additional fuel tanks.


Detailed project was ready in mid 1938 and report of general [[Józef Zając]] from 28 November, 1938 stated that all drawings were complete. Design process was slow due to involvement of PZL construction bureau in [[PZL.50 Jastrząb]] fighter development. In summer 1939 mock-up of PZL.49 was approved by Air Force and project could be continued. Due to engagement of Jerzy Dąbrowski in [[PZL.62]] development Piotr Kubicki became leader of PZL.49 design team.
Detailed project was ready in mid 1938 and a report by General [[Józef Zając]] from 28 November, 1938 stated that all drawings were complete. Design process was slow due to the simultaneous involvement of PZL construction bureau in development of the [[PZL.50 Jastrząb]] fighter. During the summer of 1939, a mock-up of the PZL.49 was approved by the Air Force and project could be continued. Due to theengagement of Jerzy Dąbrowski in [[PZL.62]] development, Piotr Kubicki became the leader of the PZL.49 design team.


In late 1938 or early 1939 production of parts for two prototypes begun in [[Wytwórnia Płatowców nr 1]] of PZL factory (PZL WP-2). In early 1939 full scale mock-up of fuselage with part of left wing was built for placement of cockpit and fuselage equipment tests.
In late 1938 or early 1939 production of parts for two prototypes begun in [[Wytwórnia Płatowców nr 1]] of PZL factory (PZL WP-2). In early 1939 a full scale mock-up of fuselage with part of the left wing was built for testing placement of cockpit and fuselage equipment.


Serial production was planned in PZL WP-2 factory in [[Mielec]] as well as construction bureau HQ. Development schedule from August 1939 set first flight of PZL.49/I on summer 1940. It means that first serial built aircraft could be delivered to combat units in late 1941 or early 1942. Due to the [[Invasion of Poland (1939)|German invasion]] on 1 September 1939, all plans were canceled. Documentation of PZL.49 project was moved to Jerzy Dąbrowski's apartment in [[Warsaw]] early September 1939 and in late September, during [[siege of Warsaw (1939)|siege of Warsaw]], was burned in a nearby bakery to avoid falling into German hands. Very little of it has been recovered after the war.<ref name=samoloty/>
Serial production was planned to take place in the PZL WP-2 factory in [[Mielec]] as well as construction bureau HQ. A development schedule from August 1939 set the first flight of PZL.49/I in the summer of 1940, with the first serial built aircraft being delivered to combat units in late 1941 or early 1942. However, due to the [[Invasion of Poland (1939)|German invasion]] on 1 September 1939, all plans were canceled. All documentation of the PZL.49 project was moved to Jerzy Dąbrowski's apartment in [[Warsaw]] early September 1939 and in late September, during [[siege of Warsaw (1939)|siege of Warsaw]], was burned in a nearby bakery to avoid German capture. Very little of the documentation has been recovered since the war.<ref name=samoloty/>


==Technical design==
==Technical design==
The aircraft was conventional in layout, all metal, metal-covered, with low-set [[Laminar flow|laminar-flow]] wings and a twin tail. In size it was slightly larger than the [[Lockheed L-10 Electra]] that [[Amelia Earhart]] used and almost identical with its predecessor [[PZL.37 Łoś]]. The crew consisted of four: pilot, commander-bombardier, radio operator and a rear gunner. The bombardier was accommodated in the glazed nose, with a forward twin [[Karabin maszynowy obserwatora wz.37|7.92 mm PWU wz.37 machinegun]]. The radio operator sat inside the fuselage, above the [[bomb bay]], and he also operated an underbelly rear twin 7.92 mm PWU wz.37 machinegun fitted in so-called ''kołyska'' ({{lang-pl|[[bassinet]]}}). Rear gunner sat in fuselage turret armed with 20 mm gun or four 7.92 mm PWU wz.37 machinegun.
The aircraft was conventional in layout, all metal (including the skin), with low-set [[Laminar flow|laminar-flow]] wings and a twin tail. In terms of size, it was slightly larger than the [[Lockheed L-10 Electra]] that [[Amelia Earhart]] used and was comparable to its predecessor, the [[PZL.37 Łoś]]. The crew consisted of four: pilot, commander/bombardier, radio operator and a rear gunner. The bombardier was accommodated in the glazed nose, with two forward-firing [[Karabin maszynowy obserwatora wz.37|7.92 mm PWU wz.37 machine guns]]. The radio operator sat inside the fuselage, above the [[bomb bay]]. The radio operator also operated two rear-firing 7.92 mm PWU wz.37 machine guns fitted in a ''kołyska'' ({{lang-pl|[[bassinet]]}}). The rear gunner sat in a fuselage turret with a 20mm cannon or four 7.92 mm PWU wz.37 machine guns.


The main undercarriage retracted into the engine nacelles. The undercarriage was double-wheeled, with an independent suspension for each wheel and retractable rear wheel. The plane was powered by two [[Bristol Hercules]] [[radial engine]]s with NACA covers. The bombs were carried in two-section bomb bay in the fuselage and bomb bays in the central section of the wings. The maximum load was 3,000 kg. Wings fitted with split [[Flap (aircraft)|flaps]]. Twin vertical stabilizers.
The main undercarriage retracted into the engine nacelles. The undercarriage was double-wheeled, with an independent suspension for each wheel and retractable rear wheel. The plane was powered by two [[Bristol Hercules]] [[radial engine]]s with NACA covers. The bombs were carried in a two-section bomb bay in the fuselage, as well as bomb bays in the central section of the wings. The maximum load was 3,000 kg. Wings were fitted with split [[Flap (aircraft)|flaps]].


==Variants (planned)==
==Variants (planned)==
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|crew=4, pilot/navigator, observer/bombardier/forward gunner, radio operator/rear gunner, rear gunner
|crew=4, pilot/navigator, observer/bombardier/forward gunner, radio operator/rear gunner, rear gunner
|capacity=
|capacity=
|length main= about 14.50 m (sources claims also 14.30 m and 14.40 m)
|length main= about 14.50 m (sources also claim 14.30 m and 14.40 m)
|length alt=
|length alt=
|span main= about 18.00 m (sources claims between 17.93 m and 18.20 m)
|span main= about 18.00 m (sources claim between 17.93 m and 18.20 m)
|span alt=
|span alt=
|height main=4.80 m
|height main=4.80 m
|height alt=
|height alt=
|area main= about 55.00 m² (sources claims also 53.00 m² and 53.50 m²)
|area main= about 55.00 m² (sources also claim 53.00 m² and 53.50 m²)
|area alt= ft²
|area alt= ft²
|airfoil=
|airfoil=
Line 93: Line 93:
|stall speed main=
|stall speed main=
|stall speed alt=
|stall speed alt=
|range main=2000 km (max. 3000 km)
|range main=2,200 km (max. 3,000 km)
|range alt=
|range alt=
|ceiling main=
|ceiling main=
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|armament=
|armament=
*2 &times; [[Karabin maszynowy obserwatora wz.37|7.92 mm PWU wz.37 machine guns movable in nose]]
*2 &times; [[Karabin maszynowy obserwatora wz.37|7.92 mm PWU wz.37 machine guns in nose]]
*2 &times; 7.92 mm PWU wz.37 machine guns movable in lower rear
*2 &times; 7.92 mm PWU wz.37 machine guns mounted in ventral position
*1 &times; 20 mm [[Oerlikon FFS]] or [[FK wz.38|FK wz.38D]] cannon or 4 &times; 7.92 mm PWU wz.37 machine guns in turret at the upper rear
*1 &times; 20 mm [[Oerlikon FF|Oerlikon FF S]] or [[FK wz.38|FK wz.38D]] cannon, or 4 &times; 7.92 mm PWU wz.37 machine guns in dorsal turret
*Max. 3000 kg bombs
*Max. 3000 kg bombs
}}
}}

Revision as of 17:48, 28 November 2008

Template:Infobox Aircraft

The PZL.49 Miś (Polish: teddy-bear) was a Polish twin-engine medium bomber, design, that remained only a project due to outbreak of World War II.

Design

The PZL.49 was a development of the advanced, "state-of-the-art"[1] medium bomber PZL.37 Łoś, designed by Jerzy Dąbrowski, Stanisław Kot and Piotr Kubicki.[2] About 50% of its design elements were taken from PZL.37 Łoś bomber to simplify the design process. The main target for the design team was to increase performance, especially flight speed, by means of installing more powerful engines and improving aerodynamics. Its standard 2,200 kg bomb load could be increased to 3,000 kg by decreasing its fuel load. Its standard 2,200 km range could be increased to 3,000 km with additional fuel tanks.

Detailed project was ready in mid 1938 and a report by General Józef Zając from 28 November, 1938 stated that all drawings were complete. Design process was slow due to the simultaneous involvement of PZL construction bureau in development of the PZL.50 Jastrząb fighter. During the summer of 1939, a mock-up of the PZL.49 was approved by the Air Force and project could be continued. Due to theengagement of Jerzy Dąbrowski in PZL.62 development, Piotr Kubicki became the leader of the PZL.49 design team.

In late 1938 or early 1939 production of parts for two prototypes begun in Wytwórnia Płatowców nr 1 of PZL factory (PZL WP-2). In early 1939 a full scale mock-up of fuselage with part of the left wing was built for testing placement of cockpit and fuselage equipment.

Serial production was planned to take place in the PZL WP-2 factory in Mielec as well as construction bureau HQ. A development schedule from August 1939 set the first flight of PZL.49/I in the summer of 1940, with the first serial built aircraft being delivered to combat units in late 1941 or early 1942. However, due to the German invasion on 1 September 1939, all plans were canceled. All documentation of the PZL.49 project was moved to Jerzy Dąbrowski's apartment in Warsaw early September 1939 and in late September, during siege of Warsaw, was burned in a nearby bakery to avoid German capture. Very little of the documentation has been recovered since the war.[2]

Technical design

The aircraft was conventional in layout, all metal (including the skin), with low-set laminar-flow wings and a twin tail. In terms of size, it was slightly larger than the Lockheed L-10 Electra that Amelia Earhart used and was comparable to its predecessor, the PZL.37 Łoś. The crew consisted of four: pilot, commander/bombardier, radio operator and a rear gunner. The bombardier was accommodated in the glazed nose, with two forward-firing 7.92 mm PWU wz.37 machine guns. The radio operator sat inside the fuselage, above the bomb bay. The radio operator also operated two rear-firing 7.92 mm PWU wz.37 machine guns fitted in a kołyska (Polish: bassinet). The rear gunner sat in a fuselage turret with a 20mm cannon or four 7.92 mm PWU wz.37 machine guns.

The main undercarriage retracted into the engine nacelles. The undercarriage was double-wheeled, with an independent suspension for each wheel and retractable rear wheel. The plane was powered by two Bristol Hercules radial engines with NACA covers. The bombs were carried in a two-section bomb bay in the fuselage, as well as bomb bays in the central section of the wings. The maximum load was 3,000 kg. Wings were fitted with split flaps.

Variants (planned)

PZL.49/I
First prototype for flight and static trials.
PZL.49/I
Second prototype, pattern aircraft for PZL.49A version.
PZL.49A
Version powered by PZL-Bristol "Hercules" III engines.
PZL.49B
Export version with French Gnôme-Rhône 14N-50/51 engines.

Operators (planned)

 Poland

Specification

Performance below are expected figures.

General characteristics

  • Crew: 4, pilot/navigator, observer/bombardier/forward gunner, radio operator/rear gunner, rear gunner

Performance Armament

References

  1. ^ Jerzy Lukowski, Hubert Zawadzki, A Concise History of Poland, Cambridge University Press, 2001, ISBN 0521559170, Google Print, p. xi
  2. ^ a b Template:Pl icon PZL-49 "Miś"
  • Andrzej Glass: "Polskie konstrukcje lotnicze 1893–1939" (Polish aviation constructions 1893–1939), WKiŁ, Warsaw 1977 (Polish language, no ISBN)

See also

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

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