Mielec
| Mielec | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Subcarpathian | ||
| Powiat : | Mielec | ||
| Area : | 47.36 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 18 ′ N , 21 ° 28 ′ E | ||
| Residents : | 60,366 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 39-300 to 39-303, 39-323 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 17 | ||
| License plate : | RMI | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Next international airport : | Rzeszów-Jasionka | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Township & Country Community | ||
| Residents: | 60,366 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Community number ( GUS ): | 1811011 | ||
| Administration (as of 2012) | |||
| City President : | Janusz Chodorowski | ||
| Address: | ul. Żeromskiego 26 39-300 Mielec |
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| Website : | www.mielec.pl | ||
Mielec is a city in south-east Poland . It belongs to the Subcarpathian Voivodeship and is the administrative seat of the Powiat Mielecki . Mielec is located about 75 kilometers northwest of the provincial capital Rzeszów near the border with the Świętokrzyskie and Lesser Poland Voivodeships . The city has 61,000 inhabitants.
Geographical location
The Wisłoka River flows through the southwestern border of Mielec from the south and flows into the Vistula about ten kilometers north of the urban area . The city is located in the Sandomir Basin .
history
The place Mielec was first mentioned in the papal bull published in 1229 . A parish was mentioned in the second half of the 14th century. On March 17, 1457, a privilege for founding the town of Nowy Targ was granted by King Casimir IV Andrew to Jan Mielecki, but the town was only founded by his sons Jan and Bernardyn on November 18, 1470. The city was part of Sandomir County in the Sandomir Voivodeship .
During the first partition of Poland in 1772, Mielec became part of the new Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria of the Habsburg Empire (from 1804). In the course of the Josephine colonization , some German colonies emerged in the area: Hohenbach , Schönanger , Tuszów Kolonia , Reichsheim , Josefsdorf , Fallbrunn or Padew Kolonia , Sandlauter , and around the middle of the 19th century also in Goleszów and Przebendów (Preppendorf).
In 1887, Mielec received the section Sandomierz – Dębica of today's Łódź – Dębica railway connection.
In 1900, Jews made up the majority of the population (2,819 out of 4909) in the capital of the Mielec district .
In 1918, after the end of the First World War and the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, Mielec came to Poland. This was only interrupted by the occupation of Poland by the Wehrmacht in World War II .
Before the World War, Herbert Czaja , the professor at the grammar school in Mielec, tried to revive the Germanness in the area with limited success. The occupiers intensified their efforts after the outbreak of the world war. Hans Zimmermann from Czermin and Hohenbach became the new mayor of Mielec.
During the World War, the first complete deportation of all Jews by the German occupiers took place in Mielec from a place where many residents were shot. In April 1942, around 800 Jews from Mielec were deported to Włodawa along with around 1,000 Viennese Jews, from where they were driven to the Sobibor extermination camp over the next few months and murdered there. Mielec was declared the first “ Jew-free ” city in occupied Poland (March 9, 1942). In addition to the workshops of the Ernst Heinkel Flugzeugwerke , there was a labor camp in Mielec under the direct supervision of the SS . Initially, 250 forced laborers were used in the labor camp , 80 of them from Mielec and the rest from Wielopole Skrzynskie. By the summer of 1943, the number of forced laborers rose to 1,000, including Jews from Tarnobrzeg and Huta Komarowska. The camp was liquidated on August 24, 1944. Some prisoners were transferred to Wieliczka , the rest to the Flossenbürg concentration camp . About 200 members of the Mielec Jewish community survived the Second World War. In the vicinity of the city, three large military training areas were created: the southern military training area , the Gorno air force training area and the Heidelager SS military training area .
traffic
The Mielec service station is on the Łódź – Dębica railway line . Mielec is one of the largest cities in Poland with no access to rail passenger transport.
local community
Borough
The city of Mielec forms an independent municipality ( gmina miejska ).
Rural community
The independent rural community ( gmina wiejska ) Mielec has an area of 122.72 km². It includes thirteen localities with a Schulzenamt ( sołectwo ) .
Town twinning
- Löhne , Herford district , North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
- Vila Nova de Poiares , Coimbra District, Portugal
Sports
In the city, the Stal Mielec association is active in football, handball, athletics and volleyball.
sons and daughters of the town
- Stanisława Kalus (* 1943), lawyer and university professor
- Krystyna Skowrońska (* 1954), politician
- Cezary Tobollik (born 1961), football player
- Józef Stala (* 1966), Roman Catholic theologian and professor
- Andrzej Rżany (* 1973), boxer
literature
- Józef Witek: Encyklopedia miasta Mielca. Vol. 1 (Wyd. "AWR Korso", Mielec, 2004, ISBN 83-906287-7-5 , Polish)
- Angelina Awtuszewska-Ettrich: Mielec. In: Wolfgang Benz , Barbara Distel (eds.): The place of terror . History of the National Socialist Concentration Camps. Volume 8: Riga, Warsaw, Vaivara, Kaunas, Płaszów, Kulmhof / Chełmno, Bełżec, Sobibór, Treblinka. CH Beck, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-406-57237-1 , p. 296f.
Web links
- Homepage of the city of Mielec (Polish)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ↑ Ludwig Patryn (Ed.): Community encyclopedia of the kingdoms and countries represented in the Reichsrat, edited on the basis of the results of the census of December 31, 1900, XII. Galicia . Vienna 1907 ( online ).
- ↑ Marian Piorek: Z dziejów Kolonii niemieckich w Puszczy Sandomierskiej (XVIII - XX w.) . In: Rocznik Kolbuszowski . 2, 1987, pp. 60-63.