Philodryas: Difference between revisions
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| synonyms = ''Atamophis, Callirhinus, Chlorosoma, Dirrhox, Dryophylax, Euophrys, Galeophis, Herpetodryas, Lygophis, Teleolepis, Xenodon <ref name="Blgr1896"/> |
| synonyms = ''Atamophis, Callirhinus, Chlorosoma, Dirrhox, Dryophylax, Euophrys, Galeophis, Herpetodryas, Lygophis, Teleolepis, Xenodon <ref name="Blgr1896"/> |
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'''''Philodryas''''' is a [[genus]] of [[ |
'''''Philodryas''''' is a [[genus]] of [[Colubridae|colubrid]] [[snake]]s [[Endemism|endemic]] to [[South America]],<ref name="Blgr1896"/> commonly called '''green snakes'''. |
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==Venom== |
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Although colubrid snakes are usually harmless to humans, ''Philodryas'' are [[opisthoglyphous]] (rear-fanged) snakes<ref name="Blgr1896">[[George Albert Boulenger|Boulenger, G.A.]] 1896. ''Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume III., Containing the Colubridæ (Opisthoglyphæ and Proteroglyphæ)...'' Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, Printers.) London. xxiv + 727 pp. + Plates I.- XXV. (Genus ''Philodryas'', p. 127.)</ref> and can give a venomous bite. However, they have mild venom; so a bite is unlikely to cause lasting damage to humans. |
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==Species== |
==Species== |
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There are 18 recognized [[species]].<ref name="ITIS">{{ITIS |id=700309 |taxon=''Philodryas'' |accessdate=15 February 2011}}</ref> |
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* ''[[Philodryas aestiva]]'' <small>([[André Marie Constant Duméril|A.M.C. Duméril]], [[Gabriel Bibron|Bibron]] & [[Auguste Duméril|A.H.A. Duméril]], 1854)</small> - N [[Argentina]], [[Bolivia]], SE [[Brazil]], [[Paraguay]], [[Uruguay]] |
* ''[[Philodryas aestiva]]'' <small>([[André Marie Constant Duméril|A.M.C. Duméril]], [[Gabriel Bibron|Bibron]] & [[Auguste Duméril|A.H.A. Duméril]], 1854)</small> - N [[Argentina]], [[Bolivia]], SE [[Brazil]], [[Paraguay]], [[Uruguay]] |
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* ''[[Philodryas arnoldoi]]'' <small>([[:fr:Afrânio Pompílio Gastos do Amaral|Amaral]], 1932)</small> - SE Brazil |
* ''[[Philodryas arnoldoi]]'' <small>([[:fr:Afrânio Pompílio Gastos do Amaral|Amaral]], 1932)</small> - SE Brazil |
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Revision as of 09:47, 16 June 2013
| Philodryas | |
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| Philodryas patagoniensis | |
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| Genus: | Philodryas |
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| Synonyms | |
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Atamophis, Callirhinus, Chlorosoma, Dirrhox, Dryophylax, Euophrys, Galeophis, Herpetodryas, Lygophis, Teleolepis, Xenodon [2] | |
Philodryas is a genus of colubrid snakes endemic to South America,[2] commonly called green snakes.
Venom
Although colubrid snakes are usually harmless to humans, Philodryas are opisthoglyphous (rear-fanged) snakes[2] and can give a venomous bite. However, they have mild venom; so a bite is unlikely to cause lasting damage to humans.
Species
There are 18 recognized species.[1]
- Philodryas aestiva (A.M.C. Duméril, Bibron & A.H.A. Duméril, 1854) - N Argentina, Bolivia, SE Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay
- Philodryas arnoldoi (Amaral, 1932) - SE Brazil
- Philodryas baroni Berg, 1895 - N Argentina
- Philodryas boliviana Boulenger, 1896 - Bolivia
- Philodryas carbonelli Roze, 1957 - S Venezuela
- Philodryas chamissonis (Wiegmann, 1834) - Chile
- Philodryas livida (Amaral, 1923)
- Philodryas mattogrossensis Koslowsky, 1898 - Bolivia, SW Brazil, Paraguay
- Philodryas nattereri Steindachner, 1870 - WC Brazil, Paraguay
- Philodryas olfersii (Lichtenstein, 1823) - Argentina, Bolivia, W Brazil, Paraguay, E Peru, Uruguay
- Philodryas oligolepis Gomes, 1921 - Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Philodryas patagoniensis (Girard, 1857) - Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil
- Philodryas psammophidea Günther, 1872 - Argentina, W & S Brazil
- Philodryas simonsi Boulenger, 1900 - Ecuador, Peru
- Philodryas tachymenoides (Schmidt & Walker, 1943) - Chile, Peru
- Philodryas trilineata (Burmeister, 1861)
- Philodryas varia (Jan, 1863)[3]
- Philodryas viridissima (Linnaeus, 1758) - N South America in Amazon and Paraguay River basins[4]
References
- ^ a b "Philodryas". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 15 February 2011.
- ^ a b c Boulenger, G.A. 1896. Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume III., Containing the Colubridæ (Opisthoglyphæ and Proteroglyphæ)... Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, Printers.) London. xxiv + 727 pp. + Plates I.- XXV. (Genus Philodryas, p. 127.)
- ^ www.philodryas.com
- ^ Freiberg, M. 1982. Snakes of South America T.F.H. Publications. Hong Kong. 189 pp. ISBN 0-87666-912-7. (Genus Philodryas, pp. 106-107.)
Further reading
- Wagler, J.G. 1830. Natürliches System der Amphibien, mit vorangehender Classification des Säugthiere und Vögel. Ein Beitrag zur vergleichenden Zoologie. J.G. Cotta. Munich, Stuttgart, and Tübingen. vi + 354 pp. (Genus Philodryas, p. 185.)
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