André Marie Constant Duméril

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Constant Duméril

André Marie Constant Duméril (born January 1, 1774 in Amiens , † August 14, 1860 in Paris ) was a French zoologist , professor of anatomy , physiology and pathology . Its scientific author abbreviation is Duméril or AMC Duméril .

Life

His parents were Charles Duméril (1733-1823) and Rosalie Duval (1736-1829), they had a total of eight children. Constant studied medicine at the Sorbonne in Paris and later became a prosector at his medical school. From the time of his medical studies, he became friends with Pierre Fidèle Bretonneau .

After a successful doctorate on the round- mouthed dissertation sur la famille des poissons cyclostomes: pour démontrer leurs rapports avec les animaux sans vertèbres; suivie d'un mémoire sur l'anatomie des lamproies in 1803 and the habilitation from 1812 with the title Concours pour la chaire de professeur adjoint de zoologie. Dissertation sur les poissons qui se rapprochent le plus des animaux sans vertèbres Duméril was appointed professor of anatomy and physiology at the École de médecine and in 1818 professor of pathology.

In 1803, Bernard Germain Lacépède resigned as head of ichthyology and herpetology at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle . Georges Cuvier then nominated Duméril, who only wanted to take over this function temporarily. It was only when Lacépède died in 1825 that Deuméril took over this position permanently. Together with his assistant Gabriel Bibron he published the erpétologie générale . Bibron died during this work in 1848.

Deuméril was since 1806 with Alphonsine Delaroche (1778-1852), a sister of François Étienne Delaroche (1781-1813) and daughter of the Geneva doctor Daniel Delaroche (1743-1812), married. It was her second marriage after her first husband, Jean Honoré dit Horace Say (1771–1799), died on Napoleon's Egyptian expedition .

In 1857, at the age of 83, Duméril resigned all of his offices and retired into private life, his son Auguste Henri André Duméril succeeded him as professor of herpetology and ichthyology at the museum. He died on August 14, 1860 in Paris at the age of 86.

In 1806 he founded the Brachiopoda tribe in the zoological system. Duméril first described 256 species of reptiles.

From 1816 he was a member of the Académie des Sciences in Paris.

Taxa named after Duméril

Memberships

When La Société Cuvierienne was founded in 1838 , he was one of the 140 founding members of the society.

Fonts (selection)

  • Zoologie analytique , Paris 1806
  • Traité élémentaire d'histoire naturelle , (4th edition), Paris 1830
  • Ichthyologie analytique (1856)
  • Erpétologie générale (1835–50, 9 vols., Together with Gabriel Bibron )
  • Erpétologie analytique (1860, 2 vols., The first systematic description of all known reptiles)

literature

  • Peter Uetz : The original descriptions of reptiles . In: Zootaxa . No. 2335 , 2010, p. 59–68 ( mapress.com [PDF; 199 kB ]).
  • Société Cuvierienne: List of the Premiers Fondateurs de La Société Cuvierienne, Association universelle pour l'avancement de la Zoologie, de L'Anatomie comparée et de la Palaeontologie . In: Revue Zoologique par La Société Cuvierienne . tape 1 , 1838, p. 189-192 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).

Web links

Commons : André Marie Constant Duméril  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gravestone in the Père Lachaise cemetery in Paris . In Meyer's Konversationslexikon, August 2, 1860, is incorrectly the date of death.
  2. ^ Biographical Etymology of Marine Organism Names
  3. ^ Genealogy of the Say family
  4. ↑ Peter Uetz, pp. 59-68.
  5. ^ List of members since 1666: Letter D. Académie des sciences, accessed on November 9, 2019 (French).
  6. ↑ a b c d e f g h Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles . Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5 . ("Duméril", p. 77).
  7. ^ Société Cuvierienne, p. 190.
personal data
SURNAME Duméril, André Marie Constant
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French zoologist, professor of anatomy, physiology and pathology
DATE OF BIRTH January 1, 1774
PLACE OF BIRTH Amiens
DATE OF DEATH August 14, 1860
Place of death Paris