August Friedrich Schweigger

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August Friedrich Schweigger

August Friedrich Schweigger (born September 8, 1783 in Erlangen ; † June 28, 1821 murdered near Agrigento , Sicily ) was a Prussian - Bavarian , German naturalist. Its official botanical author's abbreviation is “ Schweigg. “It was named after his godfather August Friedrich Pfeiffer .

Live and act

Schweigger came from a respected family of scholars and was the brother of Johann Salomo Christoph Schweigger . He studied medicine, botany and zoology, first at the University of Erlangen , at the University of Halle , in Berlin in 1804 and in Paris in 1806. Here he was with the botanist Jussieu and mineralogist Hauy. In 1809 he became professor of botany and medicine at the University of Königsberg . His work focused primarily on the creation of a plant system on a natural basis, which he strived to gain through a comparative anatomical and physiological examination of the individual plant bodies instead of taking into account only external characteristics. As a zoologist, Schweigger proved himself through his studies of the turtle and also made anatomical-physiological studies of the corals, which he added to his “Observations on Natural History Journeys” (1819). After he was rector of the Alma Mater in the winter semester of 1819/20 , he went on a research trip to Sicily. In 1821 he was murdered by a guide during an excursion in the "Grotta affumata" near Cammarata .

Honors

In 1813 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina . From 1814 he was a corresponding member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences .

The genus Schweiggeria Spreng was named in his honor . the plant family of the violet family (Violaceae) named.

Works

  • Specimen florae erlangensis . 1805
  • Hospitals and poor institutions in Paris . Bayreuth: Lübeck, 1809
  • With Heinrich Friedrich Franz Körte: Flora erlangensis . 1811
  • Prodromus monographiae Cheloniorum. Königsberg archive. Natural science Math. 1 : 271-368, 406-468.
  • Observations on natural history journeys . Berlin, 1819
  • Handbook of the natural history of the skeleton-less undivided animals . Leipzig, 1820
  • De plantarum classificatione naturalis . 1821

literature

  • Michael Kaasch and Joachim Kaasch: "Dissemination of natural knowledge and higher wisdom" - the legacy of the botanist August Friedrich Schweigger (1783–1821) who "fell victim to his science". In: Negotiations for the History and Theory of Biology 13 (2007), pp. 135–163.
  • Ernst Wunschmann:  Schweigger, August Friedrich . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 33, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1891, p. 332 f.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Walter Erhardt among others: The great pikeperch. Encyclopedia of Plant Names . Volume 2, page 2046. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2008. ISBN 978-3-8001-5406-7
  2. ↑ Member entry of August Friedrich Schweigger at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on June 25, 2016.
  3. ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names - Extended Edition. Part I and II. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin , Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5 doi: 10.3372 / epolist2018 .
personal data
SURNAME Schweigger, August Friedrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German naturalist
DATE OF BIRTH September 8, 1783
PLACE OF BIRTH gain
DATE OF DEATH June 28, 1821
Place of death Agrigento