International Article Number: Difference between revisions
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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*[http://www.gs1.org GS1 homepage]. |
*[http://www.gs1.org GS1 homepage]. |
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* [http://www.barcodeformac.com/barcode-faq/barcode-types-7.html Code EAN checksum calculation] C Source code |
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* [http://www.barcodeformac.com/barcode-faq/barcode-types-6.html Code EAN bit pattern] C Source code |
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*[http://www.azalea.com/FAQ/FAQ.html The Barcode FAQ] — links to barcode related white papers. |
*[http://www.azalea.com/FAQ/FAQ.html The Barcode FAQ] — links to barcode related white papers. |
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*[http://www.technoriversoft.com/barcode.html Barcode Symbology] — Barcode symbology preview. |
*[http://www.technoriversoft.com/barcode.html Barcode Symbology] — Barcode symbology preview. |
Revision as of 16:12, 24 October 2006
A European Article Number (EAN) is a barcoding standard which is a superset of the original 12-digit Universal Product Code (UPC) system developed in North America. The EAN-13 barcode is defined by the standards organisation GS1. It is also called a Japanese Article Number (JAN) in Japan. UPC, EAN, and JAN numbers are collectively called Global Trade Item Numbers (GTIN), though they can be expressed in different kinds of barcodes.
The EAN-13 barcodes are used worldwide for marking retail goods. The symbol encodes 13 numerals divided into four parts:
- System code, the first two or three digits, usually identifying the country in which the manufacturer is registered (not necessarily where the product is actually made). When the EAN-13 barcode is a conversion of a ISBN or ISSN code, the system code will be 978 or 979 for ISBNs, or 977 for ISSNs.
- Manufacturer code, consisting of four or five digits depending on the length of the system or country code.
- Product code, consisting of five digits.
- Check digit, a single checksum digit. The check digit is computed modulo 10, where the weights in the checksum calculation alternate 1 and 3. In particular, since the weights are relatively prime to 10 the EAN system will detect all single digit errors. But since the difference of consecutive weights is even, the EAN system does not detect all adjacent transposition errors.
2-digit and 5-digit supplemental barcodes may be added for a total of 14 or 17 data digits.
Country codes
The first three digits of the barcode of any product represents the country. Note that EAN codes beginning with 0 are rarely used, as this is just an addition to 12-digit UPC. Since most scanners and registers worldwide can read both equally, most manufacturers in North America still only use UPC.
- 000 - 019 USA & Canada
- 020 - 029 reserved for local use (store/warehouse)
- 030 - 039 USA & Canada drugs (see U.S. National Drug Code)
- 040 - 049 reserved for local use (store/warehouse)
- 050 - 059 coupons
- 060 - 099 USA & Canada
- 100 - 139 USA & Canada (reserved for later use)
- 200 - 299 reserved for local use (store/warehouse)
- 300 - 379 France
- 380 Bulgaria
- 383 Slovenia
- 385 Croatia
- 387 Bosnia and Herzegovina
- 400 - 440 Germany
- 450 - 459 Japan
- 460 - 469 Russia
- 470 Kyrgyzstan
- 471 Taiwan
- 474 Estonia
- 475 Latvia
- 476 Azerbaijan
- 477 Lithuania
- 478 Uzbekistan
- 479 Sri Lanka
- 480 Philippines
- 481 Belarus
- 482 Ukraine
- 484 Moldova
- 485 Armenia
- 486 Georgia
- 487 Kazakhstan
- 489 Hong Kong
- 490 - 499 Japan
- 500 - 509 United Kingdom
- 520 Greece
- 528 Lebanon
- 529 Cyprus
- 531 Macedonia
- 535 Malta
- 539 Ireland
- 540 - 549 Belgium and Luxembourg
- 560 Portugal
- 569 Iceland
- 570 - 579 Denmark
- 590 Poland
- 594 Romania
- 599 Hungary
- 600 - 601 South Africa
- 608 Bahrain
- 609 Mauritius
- 611 Morocco
- 613 Algeria
- 616 Kenya
- 619 Tunisia
- 621 Syria
- 622 Egypt
- 624 Libya
- 625 Jordan
- 626 Iran
- 627 Kuwait
- 628 Saudi Arabia
- 629 United Arab Emirates
- 640 - 649 Finland
- 690 - 695 China
- 700 - 709 Norway
- 729 Israel
- 730 - 739 Sweden
- 740 Guatemala
- 741 El Salvador
- 742 Honduras
- 743 Nicaragua
- 744 Costa Rica
- 745 Panama
- 746 Dominican Republic
- 750 Mexico
- 754 - 755 Canada
- 759 Venezuela
- 760 - 769 Switzerland
- 770 Colombia
- 773 Uruguay
- 775 Peru
- 777 Bolivia
- 779 Argentina
- 780 Chile
- 784 Paraguay
- 785 Peru
- 786 Ecuador
- 789 - 790 Brazil
- 800 - 839 Italy
- 840 - 849 Spain
- 850 Cuba
- 858 Slovakia
- 859 Czech Republic
- 860 Serbia and Montenegro
- 865 Mongolia
- 867 North Korea
- 869 Turkey
- 870 - 879 Netherlands
- 880 South Korea
- 884 Cambodia
- 885 Thailand
- 888 Singapore
- 890 India
- 893 Vietnam
- 899 Indonesia
- 900 - 919 Austria
- 930 - 939 Australia
- 940 - 949 New Zealand
- 950 Head Office
- 955 Malaysia
- 958 Macau
- 977 Serial publications (ISSN)
- 978 - 979 Bookland (ISBN)
- 980 Refund receipts
- 981 - 982 Common Currency Coupons
- 990 - 999 Coupons
Encoding
To encode an EAN-13 barcode, the digits are first split into 3 groups, the first digit, the first group of 6 and the last group of 6. The first group of six is encoded using a scheme whereby each digit has two possible encodings, one of which has even parity and one of which has odd parity. The first digit is encoded by selecting a pattern of choices between these two encodings. All digits in the last group of six digits are encoded using a single set of patterns which are the same patterns used for UPC.
If the first digit is zero, all digits in the first group of six are encoded using the patterns used for UPC, hence a UPC barcode is also an EAN-13 barcode with the first digit set to zero.
See also
- Electronic Data Interchange
- Global Electronic Party Information Register (GEPIR) a searchable distributed database of GS1 codes
- GTIN
- Open ICEcat
External links
- GS1 homepage.
- Code EAN checksum calculation C Source code
- Code EAN bit pattern C Source code
- The Barcode FAQ — links to barcode related white papers.
- Barcode Symbology — Barcode symbology preview.
- PHP barcode — Multiplatform opensource online barcode generator and EAN13 reader writen in PHP.
- Online EAN-13 Generator
- Free Open Source(GPL) Bar Code Generator
- EAN-13 Encoding Learn how it works, see how it converts to a barcode