Austria
Austria is the Latinized name of Austria . Originally it only referred to today's Lower Austria , later the entire Habsburg monarchy and, in the Spanish form Casa de Austria, its ruling dynasty. It serves as a translation for “Austria” in various languages and is also used as a brand term to establish a reference to Austria.
The allegory of Austria , a symbol of the Austrian state, is depicted as a woman with a wall wreath in her hair and a spear in her hand, which is supported by a heraldic shield.
Word origin and history
The name Austria is mentioned for the first time in a certificate written in Latin by King Konrad III. dated February 25, 1147, which is now kept in Klosterneuburg Abbey of the Augustinian Canons . It speaks of goods that were given away by the Austrie marchionibus , the margraves of Austria ( Marchiones Austriae ).
However, the name does not go back to the Latin, but to the ancient Germanic language. The old high German * austar- means something like "east" or "in the east ", and the old Icelandic Edda calls the mythical dwarf of the east Austri . Closely related to the word Austria are the names Austrasia and Austrien for Eastern Franconia and Eastern Empire, respectively . The root ôstar- is also recognizable in the older name Ostarrîchi . The similarity with the Latin oyster for "south wind" and terra australis for "south country" Australia is coincidental.
Since the Middle Ages it was called the Archduchy Austria as Austria and the ( mining ) Duke of Austria as (architects) Dux Austriae . Since the 15th century, the term domus Austriae, first documented in 1326, has been used for the entire House of Austria , but its Spanish translation Casa de Austria in the narrower sense only for the Spanish line of the Habsburgs . Austria has been known as the national allegory of Austria in the visual arts since the 18th century .
Usage today
Country code
Motor vehicles registered in Austria are marked with the letter Aas a country code . After the sticker that was used in the past and had to be attached to the rear of the car when traveling abroad, the letter is now on the Euro plate .
Austria can be found in the ISO 3166 coding list with the abbreviations ATand AUT; the top-level domain is .at.
Use of the name of the republic in company names
The use of the word Austria in company names ( company ) or other institutions is only permitted with federal approval. Section 16 Z2 of the Corporate Code states “The company must not contain any information that is likely to mislead about business relationships that are essential for the targeted public.” This principle was adopted with regard to the name suffixes Austria , Austro - but also Austria , Austrian and the names of other regional authorities , such as Styrian , Vienna - interpreted in such a way that they “are only permitted if it is a company of above-average importance or products are manufactured with a typical Austrian stamp or significantly higher quality.” The same applies to Clubs and other associations .
Examples
State organizations and associations:
- Agricultural Market Austria (AMA)
- Austria Wirtschaftsservice Gesellschaft (aws)
- Austrian Business Agency (ABA)
- Film Austria
University organizations and related associations
- Film archive Austria Laxenburg
- Austria Forum / AEIOU Austria Lexicon Graz
Companies:
- Austrian Airlines (AUA), formerly state-owned airline, now part of the Lufthansa Group
- Unicredit Bank Austria (formerly Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG), credit institute
- Austria-Collegialität (today UNIQA), insurance
- Austro Control , Austrian civil air surveillance
- Location Austria , international application of the film production location Austria
- Austria Metall AG (AMAG), Austria 's largest aluminum manufacturer
- Austria Press Agency (APA), largest national news agency
- Austria Tabakwerke AG , tobacco goods manufacturer and trader (formerly tobacco director, Austrian tobacco monopoly, now privatized)
- A1 Telekom Austria (formerly Post and Telegraph Administration)
Austrian sports clubs:
- FK Austria Wien , first division team
- SC Austria Lustenau , former first division team
- SV Austria Salzburg, since 2005 FC Red Bull Salzburg
- SV Austria Salzburg , founded in 2005
- SK Austria Klagenfurt , former first division team
- ESV Austria Graz , former first division team
- ESV Austria Innsbruck , former second division team
Made in Austria
Products from Austria are given the designation of origin Made in Austria (“made in Austria”), which does not enjoy any explicit legal protection, but is secured by court decisions. There are efforts to replace the term with Made in EU .
If certain conditions are met, the Austrian quality seal Austria Gütezeichen ( Quality Seal) has been awarded since 1946 , which is monitored by the Ministry of Economic Affairs .
Logo of the organic farmers' association Bio Austria
See also
- History of Austria
- Coat of arms of Austria , flag of Austria , to the insignia of the republic
- State award , for the use of the national coat of arms by companies
- Austria approx
- Felix Austria
literature
- Erich Zöllner: The concept of Austria , 1988
- Peter Diem: The Allegory of Austria. In: Symbol research - Political symbols of Austria. Retrieved October 16, 2008 .
- Karl Roth: Austria or Austria. In: Small contributions to the German language, historical and local research 1, 1850, pp. 179–182.
Web links
- Entry on Austria in the Austria Forum (in the AEIOU Austria Lexicon )
Individual evidence
- ^ RI IV, 1,2 n.439, in: Regesta Imperii Online, accessed on February 25, 2017
- ↑ Wünsch: On the admissibility of company additions that express relationships with the state or another public institution . NZ, 1984, p. 205 f .
- ↑ AUSTRIA II . In: ÖBl . 1993, p. 241 .
- ^ Quote from Peter Jabornegg: Commentary on the HGB . Springer, 1997, ISBN 978-3-211-82949-3 , § 18 III. Geographical suffixes 1.3 Trading company , p. 295 .