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{{Short description|British-American rock band}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2022}}
{{Infobox musical artist
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = Chequered Past
| name = Chequered Past
| image = Chequered Past.jpg
| image = Chequered Past.jpg
| alt =
| alt =
| caption = Left to right: Steve Jones, Clem Burke, Nigel Harrison, Michael Des Barres and Tony Sales.
| caption = Left to right: Steve Jones, Clem Burke, Nigel Harrison, Michael Des Barres and Tony Sales.
| image_size =
| landscape = yes
| landscape = yes
| alias =
⚫
| origin = New York City, U.S.<br />London, England
| background = group_or_band
| alias =
| genre = [[Hard rock]]
⚫
| years_active = {{start date|1982}}–{{end date|1985}}
⚫
| origin = [[New York City]]
| genre = [[Rock music|Rock]]
| label = [[EMI Records]]
⚫
| website =
⚫
| years_active = {{start date|1982}}–{{end date|1985}}
⚫
| current_members =
| label = [[EMI Records]]
| past_members = *[[Michael Des Barres]]
| associated_acts = [[Blondie (band)|Blondie]], [[Sex Pistols]], [[Tin Machine]], [[Silverhead]], [[Detective (band)|Detective]], [[Power Station (band)|Power Station]]
*[[Clem Burke]]
⚫
| website =
*[[Nigel Harrison]]
⚫
| current_members =
| past_members = [[Michael Des Barres]], [[Clem Burke]], [[Nigel Harrison]], [[Steve Jones (musician)|Steve Jones]], [[Tony Fox Sales]], [[Frank Infante]]
*[[Steve Jones (musician)|Steve Jones]]
*[[Tony Fox Sales]]
*[[Frank Infante]]
}}
}}
'''Chequered Past''' was a [[Rock music|rock]] [[Supergroup (music)|supergroup]] led by actor/singer [[Michael Des Barres]] and featuring members of [[Blondie (band)|Blondie]], [[the Sex Pistols]] and [[Tin Machine]]. They formed in 1982 and released one, self-titled, album in 1984 on [[EMI Records]]. The group stopped performing when lead singer Des Barres was recruited to replace [[Robert Palmer (singer)|Robert Palmer]] in [[The Power Station (band)|Power Station]].
'''Chequered Past''' was a British-American [[Rock music|rock]] [[Supergroup (music)|supergroup]] led by actor/singer [[Michael Des Barres]] and featuring members of [[Blondie (band)|Blondie]], [[the Sex Pistols]] and [[Tin Machine]]. They formed in 1982 and released one, self-titled, album in 1984 on [[EMI Records]]. The group stopped performing when lead singer Des Barres was recruited to replace [[Robert Palmer (singer)|Robert Palmer]] in [[The Power Station (band)|Power Station]].


==History==
== History ==
The band started in [[New York City]] as a [[cover band]], with their first show being at the [[Peppermint Lounge]] on September 26, 1982<ref name=FFanzeen/> and the first song they ever performed live was "[[Vacation (The Go-Go's song)|Vacation]]" by [[The Go-Go's]].<ref name=rocker/> Des Barres described the music as "New York Dolls in a home for senior citizens".<ref name=rocker/>
The band started in New York City as a [[cover band]], with their first show being at the [[Peppermint Lounge]] on September 26, 1982<ref name=FFanzeen /> and the first song they ever performed live was "[[Vacation (The Go-Go's song)|Vacation]]" by [[The Go-Go's]].<ref name=rocker /> Des Barres described the music as "New York Dolls in a home for senior citizens".<ref name=rocker />


[[Nigel Harrison]] (of Blondie) had often collaborated with Michael Des Barres, and when Des Barres toured in 1981 to support his album ''I'm Only Human'', Harrison was part of his touring band. Des Barres first met Sex Pistols guitarist [[Steve Jones (musician)|Steve Jones]] in 1978 at the Sex Pistols' San Francisco show at the [[Winterland Ballroom]]. It was Jones' girlfriend who first suggested that Jones and Des Barres form a band, and the initial line-up was rounded out by Harrison and two more members of the recently disbanded Blondie, [[Clem Burke]] and [[Frank Infante]].<ref name=fireworks/> Frank Infante was eventually replaced by [[Tony Fox Sales]].<ref name=uber/><ref name=pam/>
[[Nigel Harrison]] (of Blondie) had often collaborated with Michael Des Barres, and when Des Barres toured in 1981 to support his album ''I'm Only Human'', Harrison was part of his touring band. Des Barres first met Sex Pistols guitarist [[Steve Jones (musician)|Steve Jones]] in 1978 at the Sex Pistols' San Francisco show at the [[Winterland Ballroom]]. It was Jones' girlfriend who first suggested that Jones and Des Barres form a band, and the initial line-up was rounded out by Harrison and two more members of the recently disbanded Blondie, [[Clem Burke]] and [[Frank Infante]].<ref name=fireworks /> Frank Infante was eventually replaced by [[Tony Fox Sales]].<ref name=uber /><ref name=pam />


Chequered Past opened for various well known acts, including [[Ratt]],<ref name=rocker/> [[Steven Van Zandt|Little Steven]], [[INXS]]<ref name=desbarres/> and [[Duran Duran]].<ref name=uber/> Duran Duran had opened for Blondie on an earlier tour, so they returned the favor by inviting Chequered Past to open for them on an arena date.<ref name=observer/> This association led [[Andy Taylor (guitarist)|Andy Taylor]] to later invite Des Barres to join [[Power Station (band)|Power Station]] when [[Robert Palmer (singer)|Robert Palmer]] left, which ultimately led to the end of Chequered Past.<ref name=fireworks/>
Chequered Past opened for various well known acts, including [[Ratt]],<ref name=rocker /> [[Steven Van Zandt|Little Steven]], [[INXS]]<ref name=desbarres /> and [[Duran Duran]].<ref name=uber /> Duran Duran had opened for Blondie on an earlier tour, so they returned the favor by inviting Chequered Past to open for them on an arena date.<ref name=observer /> This association led [[Andy Taylor (guitarist)|Andy Taylor]] to later invite Des Barres to join [[The Power Station (band)|Power Station]] when [[Robert Palmer (singer)|Robert Palmer]] left, which ultimately led to the end of Chequered Past.<ref name=fireworks />


==Reception==
== Reception ==
*"Unfortunately, Chequered Past turned out to be another group that sounded more interesting on paper than they did in the grooves. It's odd to hear a bunch of ex-punks behaving like presentable mainstream rock entertainers." (Rarebird's Detective Reviews)<ref name=rarebird/>
*"Unfortunately, Chequered Past turned out to be another group that sounded more interesting on paper than they did in the grooves. It's odd to hear a bunch of ex-punks behaving like presentable mainstream rock entertainers." (Rarebird's Detective Reviews)<ref name=rarebird />
*"Their music is their passion. Drumbeats so precise they jumpstart the heart, and aggressive guitar riffs that accelerate the pulse, played by five dynamic personalities that form the mutual admiration society of Chequered Past." (Julia Masi, FFanzeen Magazine)<ref name=FFanzeen/>
*"Their music is their passion. Drumbeats so precise they jumpstart the heart, and aggressive guitar riffs that accelerate the pulse, played by five dynamic personalities that form the mutual admiration society of Chequered Past." (Julia Masi, FFanzeen Magazine)<ref name=FFanzeen />
*"Breeding tells, right? So cross Steve Jones (ex-Pistol), Tony Sales (ex-Ig), Nigel Harrison (ex-Blondie), and Clem Burke (ditto), each sired by a great band, and what do you get? Fast heavy metal, of course, a little too classy for satanism or even blatant sexism, but who cares when what we get from the Nietzsche Sales reads on the cover is "Only the Strong (Will Survive)" in "A World Gone Wild." The secret, as in most bands great and ghastly, is the man with the concept: singer and songwriter Michael Des Barres (ex-Silverhead), whose "daddy was an aristocrat," and who's been ruining rock and roll in a vain attempt to prove that that makes him special for close to a decade. Breeding tells. C-" ([[Robert Christgau]])<ref name=rc/>
*"Breeding tells, right? So cross Steve Jones (ex-Pistol), Tony Sales (ex-Ig), Nigel Harrison (ex-Blondie), and Clem Burke (ditto), each sired by a great band, and what do you get? Fast heavy metal, of course, a little too classy for satanism or even blatant sexism, but who cares when what we get from the Nietzsche Sales reads on the cover is "Only the Strong (Will Survive)" in "A World Gone Wild." The secret, as in most bands great and ghastly, is the man with the concept: singer and songwriter Michael Des Barres (ex-Silverhead), whose "daddy was an aristocrat," and who's been ruining rock and roll in a vain attempt to prove that that makes him special for close to a decade. Breeding tells. C−" ([[Robert Christgau]])<ref name=rc />
*"Although listening to this run-of-the-mill Bad Company arena rock may not, a glance at the credits indicates why Chequered Past was one of the most depressing groups/albums of recent years. Clem Burke and Nigel Harrison (both ex-Blondie) and Steve Jones (ex-Pistols) formed three-fifths of the band, proving conclusively that even talented new wavers, no matter how idealistic and rebellious, were merely a few years away from becoming just as bogus as the musicians they originally set out to dethrone." (Ira Robbins, [[Trouser Press]])<ref name=tp/>
*"Although listening to this run-of-the-mill Bad Company arena rock may not, a glance at the credits indicates why Chequered Past was one of the most depressing groups/albums of recent years. Clem Burke and Nigel Harrison (both ex-Blondie) and Steve Jones (ex-Pistols) formed three-fifths of the band, proving conclusively that even talented new wavers, no matter how idealistic and rebellious, were merely a few years away from becoming just as bogus as the musicians they originally set out to dethrone." (Ira Robbins, [[Trouser Press]])<ref name=tp />
*"A lot of what is here does rock, but things never catch fire the way they ought to." (James Chrispell, [[Allmusic]])<ref name=amg/>
*"A lot of what is here does rock, but things never catch fire the way they ought to." (James Chrispell, [[Allmusic]])<ref name=amg />


==Members==
== Members ==
*[[Michael Des Barres]] - vocals ([[Detective (band)|Detective]], [[Silverhead]])
*[[Michael Des Barres]] – vocals ([[Detective (band)|Detective]], [[Silverhead]])
*[[Steve Jones (musician)|Steve Jones]] - guitar ([[Sex Pistols]])
*[[Steve Jones (musician)|Steve Jones]] – guitar ([[Sex Pistols]])
*[[Frank Infante]] - guitar ([[Blondie (band)|Blondie]])
*[[Frank Infante]] – guitar ([[Blondie (band)|Blondie]])
*[[Clem Burke]] - drums ([[Blondie (band)|Blondie]])
*[[Clem Burke]] – drums ([[Blondie (band)|Blondie]])
*[[Nigel Harrison]] - bass ([[Blondie (band)|Blondie]])
*[[Nigel Harrison]] – bass ([[Blondie (band)|Blondie]])
*[[Tony Fox Sales]] - guitar ([[Iggy Pop]], [[Tin Machine]])
*[[Tony Fox Sales]] – guitar ([[Iggy Pop]], eventually [[Tin Machine]])


==Discography==
== Discography ==
=== Studio albums ===
*''Chequered Past'' (1984)


===Albums===
=== Singles ===
*''Chequered Past'' (1984, EMI)
*"How Much Is too Much?" (1984)


===Singles===
== References ==
*"How Much Is Too Much?" (1984, EMI)

==References==
{{reflist|refs=
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name=rocker>{{cite news
<ref name=rocker>{{cite news
Line 58: Line 61:
| publisher = Rocker Zine
| publisher = Rocker Zine
| url = http://www.rockerzine.com/index.php/2012/10/michael-des-barres-return-to-carnaby-street/
| url = http://www.rockerzine.com/index.php/2012/10/michael-des-barres-return-to-carnaby-street/
| accessdate = Nov 23, 2014}}
| accessdate = November 23, 2014}}</ref>
</ref>
<ref name=rarebird>{{cite web
<ref name=rarebird>{{cite web
| title = Rarebird's Detective Reviews
| title = Rarebird's Detective Reviews
| publisher = rarebird9.net
| publisher = rarebird9.net
| url = http://rarebird9.net/detective.html
| url = http://rarebird9.net/detective.html
| accessdate = Nov 23, 2014}}
| accessdate = November 23, 2014}}</ref>
</ref>
<ref name=FFanzeen>{{cite news
<ref name=FFanzeen>{{cite news
| first = Julia
| first = Julia
Line 73: Line 74:
| publisher = FFanzeen Magazine
| publisher = FFanzeen Magazine
| url = http://ffanzeen.blogspot.com/2009/09/chequered-past-solid-future.html
| url = http://ffanzeen.blogspot.com/2009/09/chequered-past-solid-future.html
| accessdate = Nov 23, 2014}}
| accessdate = November 23, 2014}}</ref>
</ref>
<ref name=fireworks>{{cite news
<ref name=fireworks>{{cite news
| first = Electronic
| first = Electronic
| last = Brain
| last = Brain
| title = Retrospective - Chequered Past
| title = Retrospective – Chequered Past
| date = December 17, 2011
| date = December 17, 2011
| publisher = rocktopia.co.uk
| publisher = rocktopia.co.uk
| url = http://www.rocktopia.co.uk/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1791:fireworks-magazine-online-49-retrospective-chequered-past&catid=903:fireworksmagazine&Itemid=103
| url = http://www.rocktopia.co.uk/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1791:fireworks-magazine-online-49-retrospective-chequered-past&catid=903:fireworksmagazine&Itemid=103
| accessdate = Nov 23, 2014}}
| accessdate = November 23, 2014}}</ref>
</ref>
<ref name=uber>{{cite news
<ref name=uber>{{cite news
| first = Johnny H.
| first = Johnny H.
| last = Uberrock
| last = Uberrock
| title = Hi-Fi To Die For - Chequered Past
| title = Hi-Fi To Die For – Chequered Past
| date = April 15, 2012
| date = April 15, 2012
| publisher = uberrock.co.uk
| publisher = uberrock.co.uk
| url = http://www.uberrock.co.uk/retro-rock/67-april-retro/4626-hi-fi-to-die-for-chequered-past.html
| url = http://www.uberrock.co.uk/retro-rock/67-april-retro/4626-hi-fi-to-die-for-chequered-past.html
| accessdate = Nov 23, 2014}}
| accessdate = November 23, 2014}}</ref>
</ref>
<ref name=observer>{{cite news
<ref name=observer>{{cite news
| first = Mya
| first = Mya
| last = Mayne
| last = Mayne
| title = Rocker Michael Des Barres, once part of the problem, now fighting drug abuse
| title = Rocker Michael Des Barres, once part of the problem, now fighting drug abuse
| date = Oct 5, 1986
| date = October 5, 1986
| publisher = [[Observer–Reporter]]
| publisher = [[Observer–Reporter]]
| url = http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2519&dat=19861005&id=g3RiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=E3cNAAAAIBAJ&pg=1574,809571
| url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2519&dat=19861005&id=g3RiAAAAIBAJ&pg=1574,809571
| accessdate = Nov 23, 2014}}
| accessdate = November 23, 2014}}</ref>
</ref>
<ref name=desbarres>{{cite web
<ref name=desbarres>{{cite web
| title = Chequered Past (1982-1985)
| title = Chequered Past (1982–1985)
| publisher = DesBarres.com
| publisher = DesBarres.com
| url = http://www.desbarres.com/chequered-past-1982-1985/
| url = http://www.desbarres.com/chequered-past-1982-1985/
| quote =
| quote =
| accessdate = Nov 23, 2014}}
| accessdate = November 23, 2014}}</ref>
</ref>
<ref name=rc>{{cite web
<ref name=rc>{{cite web
| first = Robert
| first = Robert
Line 115: Line 111:
| publisher = [[Robert Christgau]]
| publisher = [[Robert Christgau]]
| url = http://www.robertchristgau.com/get_artist.php?name=Chequered+Past
| url = http://www.robertchristgau.com/get_artist.php?name=Chequered+Past
| accessdate = Nov 23, 2014}}
| accessdate = November 23, 2014}}</ref>
</ref>
<ref name=tp>{{cite web
<ref name=tp>{{cite web
| first = Ira
| first = Ira
Line 123: Line 118:
| publisher = [[Trouser Press]]
| publisher = [[Trouser Press]]
| url = http://www.trouserpress.com/entry.php?a=chequered_past
| url = http://www.trouserpress.com/entry.php?a=chequered_past
| accessdate = Nov 23, 2014}}
| accessdate = November 23, 2014}}</ref>
</ref>
<ref name=amg>{{Allmusic
<ref name=amg>{{Allmusic
| first = James
| first = James
Line 133: Line 127:
| label = Chequered Past
| label = Chequered Past
| quote = Chequered Past looks like a promo man's dream band on paper. Take the rhythm section from Blondie, add guitarists Hunt Sales and ex-Sex Pistol Steve Jones, front the operation with journeyman vocalist Michael Des Barres and let them rock out to their hearts' content. A lot of what is here does rock, but things never catch fire the way they ought to. "A World Gone Wild" rocks things out nicely at the start, and the first side continues in much the same way, but by side two (or later in the CD), things start to sound a bit same-ish, as if the musicians have run out of ideas or new ways to express them. In any event, this ought to have been huge, but wasn't. It's flawed, but fun.
| quote = Chequered Past looks like a promo man's dream band on paper. Take the rhythm section from Blondie, add guitarists Hunt Sales and ex-Sex Pistol Steve Jones, front the operation with journeyman vocalist Michael Des Barres and let them rock out to their hearts' content. A lot of what is here does rock, but things never catch fire the way they ought to. "A World Gone Wild" rocks things out nicely at the start, and the first side continues in much the same way, but by side two (or later in the CD), things start to sound a bit same-ish, as if the musicians have run out of ideas or new ways to express them. In any event, this ought to have been huge, but wasn't. It's flawed, but fun.
| accessdate = November 23, 2014}}
| accessdate = November 23, 2014}}</ref>
</ref>
<ref name=pam>{{cite book
<ref name=pam>{{cite book
| last = Pamela
| last = Pamela
Line 143: Line 136:
| date = September 1, 2008
| date = September 1, 2008
| page = 126
| page = 126
| url = http://books.google.com/books?id=vVBgCeQ7G5EC&pg=PA126&lpg=PA126&dq=%22Chequered+Past%22+band&source=bl&ots=v1OKWbTLQU&sig=dltP-AwB3W1cPsuRqIFqu3tClng&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zx1yVKHUOYr1oATU84KgDA&ved=0CEkQ6AEwCDgU#v=onepage&q=%22Chequered%20Past%22%20band&f=false
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=vVBgCeQ7G5EC&q=%22Chequered+Past%22+band&pg=PA126
| isbn = 978-1556528002
| isbn = 978-1-55652-800-2
| accessdate = November 23, 2014}}
| accessdate = November 23, 2014}}</ref>
</ref>
}}
}}


⚫
[[Category:Rock music supergroups]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Chequered Past}}
⚫
[[Category:Supergroups (music)]]
[[Category:EMI Records artists]]
[[Category:EMI Records artists]]
[[Category:Musical groups established in 1982]]
[[Category:Musical groups established in 1982]]
[[Category:Musical groups disestablished in 1985]]
[[Category:Musical groups disestablished in 1985]]
[[Category:1982 establishments in New York]]
[[Category:1982 establishments in New York City]]

Latest revision as of 23:47, 1 April 2024

Chequered Past
Left to right: Steve Jones, Clem Burke, Nigel Harrison, Michael Des Barres and Tony Sales.
Background information
OriginNew York City, U.S.
London, England
GenresHard rock
Years active1982 (1982)–1985 (1985)
LabelsEMI Records
Past members

Chequered Past was a British-American rock supergroup led by actor/singer Michael Des Barres and featuring members of Blondie, the Sex Pistols and Tin Machine. They formed in 1982 and released one, self-titled, album in 1984 on EMI Records. The group stopped performing when lead singer Des Barres was recruited to replace Robert Palmer in Power Station.

History[edit]

The band started in New York City as a cover band, with their first show being at the Peppermint Lounge on September 26, 1982[1] and the first song they ever performed live was "Vacation" by The Go-Go's.[2] Des Barres described the music as "New York Dolls in a home for senior citizens".[2]

Nigel Harrison (of Blondie) had often collaborated with Michael Des Barres, and when Des Barres toured in 1981 to support his album I'm Only Human, Harrison was part of his touring band. Des Barres first met Sex Pistols guitarist Steve Jones in 1978 at the Sex Pistols' San Francisco show at the Winterland Ballroom. It was Jones' girlfriend who first suggested that Jones and Des Barres form a band, and the initial line-up was rounded out by Harrison and two more members of the recently disbanded Blondie, Clem Burke and Frank Infante.[3] Frank Infante was eventually replaced by Tony Fox Sales.[4][5]

Chequered Past opened for various well known acts, including Ratt,[2] Little Steven, INXS[6] and Duran Duran.[4] Duran Duran had opened for Blondie on an earlier tour, so they returned the favor by inviting Chequered Past to open for them on an arena date.[7] This association led Andy Taylor to later invite Des Barres to join Power Station when Robert Palmer left, which ultimately led to the end of Chequered Past.[3]

Reception[edit]

  • "Unfortunately, Chequered Past turned out to be another group that sounded more interesting on paper than they did in the grooves. It's odd to hear a bunch of ex-punks behaving like presentable mainstream rock entertainers." (Rarebird's Detective Reviews)[8]
  • "Their music is their passion. Drumbeats so precise they jumpstart the heart, and aggressive guitar riffs that accelerate the pulse, played by five dynamic personalities that form the mutual admiration society of Chequered Past." (Julia Masi, FFanzeen Magazine)[1]
  • "Breeding tells, right? So cross Steve Jones (ex-Pistol), Tony Sales (ex-Ig), Nigel Harrison (ex-Blondie), and Clem Burke (ditto), each sired by a great band, and what do you get? Fast heavy metal, of course, a little too classy for satanism or even blatant sexism, but who cares when what we get from the Nietzsche Sales reads on the cover is "Only the Strong (Will Survive)" in "A World Gone Wild." The secret, as in most bands great and ghastly, is the man with the concept: singer and songwriter Michael Des Barres (ex-Silverhead), whose "daddy was an aristocrat," and who's been ruining rock and roll in a vain attempt to prove that that makes him special for close to a decade. Breeding tells. C−" (Robert Christgau)[9]
  • "Although listening to this run-of-the-mill Bad Company arena rock may not, a glance at the credits indicates why Chequered Past was one of the most depressing groups/albums of recent years. Clem Burke and Nigel Harrison (both ex-Blondie) and Steve Jones (ex-Pistols) formed three-fifths of the band, proving conclusively that even talented new wavers, no matter how idealistic and rebellious, were merely a few years away from becoming just as bogus as the musicians they originally set out to dethrone." (Ira Robbins, Trouser Press)[10]
  • "A lot of what is here does rock, but things never catch fire the way they ought to." (James Chrispell, Allmusic)[11]

Members[edit]

Discography[edit]

Studio albums[edit]

  • Chequered Past (1984)

Singles[edit]

  • "How Much Is too Much?" (1984)

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Masi, Julia (1985). "CHEQUERED PAST: Solid Future". FFanzeen Magazine. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
  2. ^ a b c Valcourt, Keith (October 1, 2012). "Michael Des Barres: Return To Carnaby Street". Rocker Zine. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
  3. ^ a b Brain, Electronic (December 17, 2011). "Retrospective – Chequered Past". rocktopia.co.uk. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
  4. ^ a b Uberrock, Johnny H. (April 15, 2012). "Hi-Fi To Die For – Chequered Past". uberrock.co.uk. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
  5. ^ Pamela, Des Barres (September 1, 2008). Take Another Little Piece of My Heart: A Groupie Grows Up. Chicago Review Press. p. 126. ISBN 978-1-55652-800-2. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
  6. ^ "Chequered Past (1982–1985)". DesBarres.com. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
  7. ^ Mayne, Mya (October 5, 1986). "Rocker Michael Des Barres, once part of the problem, now fighting drug abuse". Observer–Reporter. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
  8. ^ "Rarebird's Detective Reviews". rarebird9.net. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
  9. ^ Christgau, Robert. "Chequered Past". Robert Christgau. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
  10. ^ Robbins, Ira. "Chequered Past". Trouser Press. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
  11. ^ Chrispell, James. Chequered Past at AllMusic. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
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