Vachellia: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
→‎Species list: capitalization
Line 49: Line 49:
Of the 163 species currently assigned to ''Vachellia'', 52 are native to the [[Americas]], 83 to [[Africa]], [[Madagascar]] and the [[Mascarene Islands]], 32 to [[Asia]] and 9 to [[Australia]] and the [[Pacific Islands]].<ref name=thiel>{{cite journal | author = Thiele KR. | title = The controversy over the retypification of ''Acacia'' <small>Mill.</small> with an Australian type: A pragmatic view | journal = [[Taxon (journal)|Taxon]] | year = 2011 | volume = 60 | issue = 1 | pages = 194–198 | url = http://www.iapt-taxon.org/historic/Congress/IBC_2011/Acacia_pragm.pdf | jstor = 41059833| doi = 10.1002/tax.601017 }}</ref> ''Vachellia'' comprises the following species:<ref name="Seigler">{{cite journal |vauthors=Seigler DS, Ebinger JE | title = New combinations in the genus ''Vachellia'' (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) from the New World | journal = Phytologia | volume = 87 | issue = 3 | pages = 139–78 | year = 2005 | url = http://biostor.org/reference/63157}}</ref><ref name="Kyalangalilwa">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kyalangalilwa B, Boatwright JS, Daru BH, Maurin O, van der Bank M | title = Phylogenetic position and revised classification of ''Acacia s.l.'' (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) in Africa, including new combinations in ''Vachellia'' and ''Senegalia''. | journal = Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society | volume = 172 | issue = 4 | pages = 500–523 | year = 2013 | doi = 10.1111/boj.12047 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="Seigler2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Seigler DS, Ebinger JE | title = New combinations in ''Senegalia'' and ''Vachellia'' (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) | journal = Phytologia | volume = 92 | issue = 1 | pages = 92–95 | year = 2010 | url = http://www.phytologia.org/uploads/2/3/4/2/23422706/92192-95seaglernewcombinations.pdf }}</ref><ref name="Maslin">{{cite journal |vauthors=Maslin BR, Seigler DS, Ebinger J | title = New combinations in ''Senegalia and Vachellia'' (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) for Southeast Asia and China. | journal = Blumea | volume = 58 | issue = 1 | pages = 39–44 | year = 2013 | doi = 10.3767/000651913X669914| url = http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/524646 }}</ref><ref name="Clarke">{{cite journal |vauthors=Clarke HD, Seigler DS, Ebinger JE | title = Taxonomic Revision of the ''Vachellia acuifera'' Species Group (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) in the Caribbean | journal = [[Systematic Botany]] | volume = 34 | issue = 1 | pages = 84–101 | year = 2009 | doi = 10.1600/036364409787602285| s2cid = 86066178 }}</ref><ref name="WorldWideWattle">{{cite web | url = http://www.worldwidewattle.com/speciesgallery/home.php | title = List of ''Acacia sensu lato'' species | author = Maslin B | website = World Wide Wattle | access-date = 4 January 2014}}</ref><ref name="Kodela">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kodela PG, Wilson PG | title = New combinations in the genus ''Vachellia'' (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) from Australia | journal = [[Telopea (journal)|Telopea]] | volume = 11 | issue = 2| pages = 233–244 | year = 2006 | doi = 10.7751/telopea20065723| doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | author = Ali SI. | year = 2014 | title = The Genus ''Acacia s.l.'' in Pakistan | journal = [[Pakistan Journal of Botany|Pak J Bot]] | volume = 46 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–4 | url = https://www.pakbs.org/pjbot/PDFs/46(1)/01.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | authors = Boatwright JS, Maurin O, van der Bank M. | year = 2015 | title = Phylogenetic position of Madagascan species of ''Acacia s.l.'' and new combinations in ''Senegalia'' and ''Vachellia'' (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae, Acacieae) | journal = [[Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society|Bot J Linn Soc]] | volume = 179 | issue = 2 | pages = 288–294 | doi = 10.1111/boj.12320| doi-access = free }}</ref>
Of the 163 species currently assigned to ''Vachellia'', 52 are native to the [[Americas]], 83 to [[Africa]], [[Madagascar]] and the [[Mascarene Islands]], 32 to [[Asia]] and 9 to [[Australia]] and the [[Pacific Islands]].<ref name=thiel>{{cite journal | author = Thiele KR. | title = The controversy over the retypification of ''Acacia'' <small>Mill.</small> with an Australian type: A pragmatic view | journal = [[Taxon (journal)|Taxon]] | year = 2011 | volume = 60 | issue = 1 | pages = 194–198 | url = http://www.iapt-taxon.org/historic/Congress/IBC_2011/Acacia_pragm.pdf | jstor = 41059833| doi = 10.1002/tax.601017 }}</ref> ''Vachellia'' comprises the following species:<ref name="Seigler">{{cite journal |vauthors=Seigler DS, Ebinger JE | title = New combinations in the genus ''Vachellia'' (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) from the New World | journal = Phytologia | volume = 87 | issue = 3 | pages = 139–78 | year = 2005 | url = http://biostor.org/reference/63157}}</ref><ref name="Kyalangalilwa">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kyalangalilwa B, Boatwright JS, Daru BH, Maurin O, van der Bank M | title = Phylogenetic position and revised classification of ''Acacia s.l.'' (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) in Africa, including new combinations in ''Vachellia'' and ''Senegalia''. | journal = Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society | volume = 172 | issue = 4 | pages = 500–523 | year = 2013 | doi = 10.1111/boj.12047 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="Seigler2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Seigler DS, Ebinger JE | title = New combinations in ''Senegalia'' and ''Vachellia'' (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) | journal = Phytologia | volume = 92 | issue = 1 | pages = 92–95 | year = 2010 | url = http://www.phytologia.org/uploads/2/3/4/2/23422706/92192-95seaglernewcombinations.pdf }}</ref><ref name="Maslin">{{cite journal |vauthors=Maslin BR, Seigler DS, Ebinger J | title = New combinations in ''Senegalia and Vachellia'' (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) for Southeast Asia and China. | journal = Blumea | volume = 58 | issue = 1 | pages = 39–44 | year = 2013 | doi = 10.3767/000651913X669914| url = http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/524646 }}</ref><ref name="Clarke">{{cite journal |vauthors=Clarke HD, Seigler DS, Ebinger JE | title = Taxonomic Revision of the ''Vachellia acuifera'' Species Group (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) in the Caribbean | journal = [[Systematic Botany]] | volume = 34 | issue = 1 | pages = 84–101 | year = 2009 | doi = 10.1600/036364409787602285| s2cid = 86066178 }}</ref><ref name="WorldWideWattle">{{cite web | url = http://www.worldwidewattle.com/speciesgallery/home.php | title = List of ''Acacia sensu lato'' species | author = Maslin B | website = World Wide Wattle | access-date = 4 January 2014}}</ref><ref name="Kodela">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kodela PG, Wilson PG | title = New combinations in the genus ''Vachellia'' (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) from Australia | journal = [[Telopea (journal)|Telopea]] | volume = 11 | issue = 2| pages = 233–244 | year = 2006 | doi = 10.7751/telopea20065723| doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | author = Ali SI. | year = 2014 | title = The Genus ''Acacia s.l.'' in Pakistan | journal = [[Pakistan Journal of Botany|Pak J Bot]] | volume = 46 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–4 | url = https://www.pakbs.org/pjbot/PDFs/46(1)/01.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | authors = Boatwright JS, Maurin O, van der Bank M. | year = 2015 | title = Phylogenetic position of Madagascan species of ''Acacia s.l.'' and new combinations in ''Senegalia'' and ''Vachellia'' (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae, Acacieae) | journal = [[Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society|Bot J Linn Soc]] | volume = 179 | issue = 2 | pages = 288–294 | doi = 10.1111/boj.12320| doi-access = free }}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=300px}}
{{div col|colwidth=300px}}
* ''[[Vachellia abyssinica]]'' <small>(Hochst. ex. Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Flat Top Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia abyssinica]]'' <small>(Hochst. ex. Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—flat top acacia
** subsp. ''abyssinica'' <small>(Hochst. ex. Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''abyssinica'' <small>(Hochst. ex. Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''calophylla'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''calophylla'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia acuifera]]'' <small>(Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Bahama Acacia, Cassip, Pork-and-doughboy, (''Bahamas'') Rosewood
* ''[[Vachellia acuifera]]'' <small>(Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Bahama acacia, cassip, pork-and-doughboy, (''Bahamas'') rosewood
* ''[[Vachellia albicortata]]'' <small>(Burkart) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia albicortata]]'' <small>(Burkart) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia allenii]]'' <small>(D. H. Janzen) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Allen Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia allenii]]'' <small>(D. H. Janzen) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Allen acacia
* ''[[Vachellia amythethophylla]]'' <small>(Steud. ex A.Rich.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia amythethophylla]]'' <small>(Steud. ex A.Rich.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia ancistroclada]]'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia ancistroclada]]'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia anegadensis]]'' <small>(Britton) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Anegada Acacia, Blackbrush-wattle, Pokemeboy
* ''[[Vachellia anegadensis]]'' <small>(Britton) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Anegada acacia, blackbrush-wattle, pokemeboy
* ''[[Vachellia antunesii]]'' <small>(Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia antunesii]]'' <small>(Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia arenaria]]'' <small>(Schinz) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Sand Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia arenaria]]'' <small>(Schinz) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—sand acacia
* ''[[Vachellia aroma]]'' <small>(Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia aroma]]'' <small>(Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
** [[Vachellia aroma var. aroma|var. ''aroma'']] <small>Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.</small>
** [[Vachellia aroma var. aroma|var. ''aroma'']] <small>Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.</small>
Line 68: Line 68:
* ''[[Vachellia barahonensis]]'' <small>(Urb. & Ekman) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia barahonensis]]'' <small>(Urb. & Ekman) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia bavazzanoi]]'' <small>(Pichi-Sermolli) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia bavazzanoi]]'' <small>(Pichi-Sermolli) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia belairoides]]'' <small>(Urb.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Bellair Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia belairioides]]'' <small>(Urb.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Bellair acacia
* ''[[Vachellia bellula]]'' <small>(Drake) Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia bellula]]'' <small>(Drake) Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia biaciculata]]'' <small>(S. Watson) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Corkwood wattle, Dogwood
* ''[[Vachellia biaciculata]]'' <small>(S. Watson) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—corkwood wattle, dogwood
* ''[[Vachellia bidwillii]]'' <small>(Benth.) Kodela</small>—Corkwood Wattle, Dogwood. "'Waneu', of the aboriginals of Central Queensland ; 'Yadthor', of those of the Cloncurry River, Northern Queensland."<ref>{{cite book |last1=Maiden |first1=J. H. |author-link1=Joseph Maiden |title=The Useful Native Plants of Australia (including Tasmania) |date=1889 |publisher=Turner and Henderson |location=Sydney |page=[https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/45057#page/21/mode/1up 3]}}</ref>
* ''[[Vachellia bidwillii]]'' <small>(Benth.) Kodela</small>—corkwood wattle, dogwood. "'Waneu', of the aboriginals of Central Queensland ; 'Yadthor', of those of the Cloncurry River, Northern Queensland."<ref>{{cite book |last1=Maiden |first1=J. H. |author-link1=Joseph Maiden |title=The Useful Native Plants of Australia (including Tasmania) |date=1889 |publisher=Turner and Henderson |location=Sydney |page=[https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/45057#page/21/mode/1up 3]}}</ref>
* ''[[Vachellia bilimekii]]'' <small>(J. Macbr.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia bilimekii]]'' <small>(J. Macbr.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia bolei]]'' (<small>R.P. Subhedar</small>) Ragupathy, Seigler, Ebinger & Maslin<ref>{{cite journal | author = Maslin BR. | year = 2014 | title = ''Vachellia bolei'' (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae), the correct name for a species from India | journal = [[Nuytsia (journal)|Nuytsia]] | volume = 24 | pages = 21–22 | url = https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/science/nuytsia/708.pdf}}</ref>
* ''[[Vachellia bolei]]'' (<small>R.P. Subhedar</small>) Ragupathy, Seigler, Ebinger & Maslin<ref>{{cite journal | author = Maslin BR. | year = 2014 | title = ''Vachellia bolei'' (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae), the correct name for a species from India | journal = [[Nuytsia (journal)|Nuytsia]] | volume = 24 | pages = 21–22 | url = https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/science/nuytsia/708.pdf}}</ref>
* ''[[Vachellia borleae]]'' <small>(Burtt Davy) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Sticky Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia borleae]]'' <small>(Burtt Davy) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—sticky acacia
* ''[[Vachellia brandegeana]]'' <small>(I. M. Johnst.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Baja California Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia brandegeana]]'' <small>(I. M. Johnst.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Baja California acacia
* ''[[Vachellia bravoensis]]'' <small>(Isely) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia bravoensis]]'' <small>(Isely) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia bricchettiana]]'' <small>(Chiov.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia bricchettiana]]'' <small>(Chiov.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia bucheri]]'' <small>(Marie-Victorín) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Bucher Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia bucheri]]'' <small>(Marie-Victorín) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Bucher acacia
* ''[[Vachellia bullockii]]'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia bullockii]]'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** var. ''bullockii'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** var. ''bullockii'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
Line 85: Line 85:
* ''[[Vachellia bussei]]'' <small>(Harms ex Sjöstedt) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia bussei]]'' <small>(Harms ex Sjöstedt) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia californica]]'' <small>(Brandegee) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia californica]]'' <small>(Brandegee) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia campechiana]]'' <small>(Mill.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Boatthorn Acacia, Spoon-thorn Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia campechiana]]'' <small>(Mill.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—boatthorn acacia, spoon-thorn acacia
** f. ''campechiana'' <small>(Mill.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
** f. ''campechiana'' <small>(Mill.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
** f. ''houghii'' <small>(Britton & Rose) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
** f. ''houghii'' <small>(Britton & Rose) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
Line 95: Line 95:
** [[Vachellia caven var. stenocarpa|var. ''stenocarpa '']] <small>(Speg.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
** [[Vachellia caven var. stenocarpa|var. ''stenocarpa '']] <small>(Speg.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia cernua]]'' <small>(Thulin & Hassan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia cernua]]'' <small>(Thulin & Hassan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia chiapensis]]'' <small>(Saff.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Chiapas Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia chiapensis]]'' <small>(Saff.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Chiapas acacia
* ''[[Vachellia choriophylla]]'' <small>(Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Cinnecord Acacia, Florida Acacia, (''Bahamas'') Cinnecord
* ''[[Vachellia choriophylla]]'' <small>(Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—cinnecord acacia, Florida acacia, (''Bahamas'') cinnecord
* ''[[Vachellia clarksoniana]]'' <small>(Pedley) Kodela</small>
* ''[[Vachellia clarksoniana]]'' <small>(Pedley) Kodela</small>
* ''[[Vachellia collinsii]]'' <small>(Saff.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Collins Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia collinsii]]'' <small>(Saff.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Collins acacia
* ''[[Vachellia constricta]]'' <small>(Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Whitethorn Acacia, Mescat Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia constricta]]'' <small>(Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Whitethorn acacia, Mescat acacia
* ''[[Vachellia cookii]]'' <small>(Saff.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Cook Acacia, Cockspur Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia cookii]]'' <small>(Saff.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Cook acacia, cockspur acacia
* ''[[Vachellia cornigera]]'' <small>(L.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Bullhorn Wattle, Bull's-horn Acacia, Bull-horn Thorn, Oxhorn Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia cornigera]]'' <small>(L.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—bullhorn wattle, bull's-horn acacia, bull-horn thorn, oxhorn acacia
* ''[[Vachellia cucuyo]]'' <small>(Barneby & Zanoni) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Cucuyo Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia cucuyo]]'' <small>(Barneby & Zanoni) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Cucuyo acacia
* ''[[Vachellia curvifructa]]'' <small>(Burkart) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia curvifructa]]'' <small>(Burkart) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia daemon]]'' <small>(Ekman & Urb.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Camagüey Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia daemon]]'' <small>(Ekman & Urb.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Camagüey acacia
* ''[[Vachellia davyi]]'' <small>(N.E.Br.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Corky-bark acacia
* ''[[Vachellia davyi]]'' <small>(N.E.Br.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—corky-bark acacia
<!-- Vachellia densiflora was reclassified as Vachellia farnesiana. -->
<!-- Vachellia densiflora was reclassified as Vachellia farnesiana. -->
* ''[[Vachellia ditricha]]'' <small>(Pedley) Kodela</small>
* ''[[Vachellia ditricha]]'' <small>(Pedley) Kodela</small>
* ''[[Vachellia dolichocephala]]'' <small>(Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia dolichocephala]]'' <small>(Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia douglasica]]'' <small>(Pedley) Kodela</small>
* ''[[Vachellia douglasica]]'' <small>(Pedley) Kodela</small>
* ''[[Vachellia drepanolobium]]'' <small>(Harms ex Sjöstedt) P.J.H. Hurter</small>—Whistling Thorn
* ''[[Vachellia drepanolobium]]'' <small>(Harms ex Sjöstedt) P.J.H. Hurter</small>—whistling thorn
* ''[[Vachellia dyeri]]'' <small>(P.P.Swartz) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small><ref name=wr1/>
* ''[[Vachellia dyeri]]'' <small>(P.P.Swartz) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small><ref name=wr1/>
* ''[[Vachellia eburnea]]'' <small>(L.f.) P. Hurter & Mabb.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia eburnea]]'' <small>(L.f.) P. Hurter & Mabb.</small>
Line 118: Line 118:
** subsp. ''elatior'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''elatior'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''turkanae'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''turkanae'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia erioloba]]'' <small>(E.Mey.) P.J.H. Hurter</small>—Camel Thorn (''Kameeldoring'')
* ''[[Vachellia erioloba]]'' <small>(E.Mey.) P.J.H. Hurter</small>—camel thorn (''Kameeldoring'')
* ''[[Vachellia erythrophloea]]'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia erythrophloea]]'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia etbaica]]'' <small>(Schweinf.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Savannah thorn
* ''[[Vachellia etbaica]]'' <small>(Schweinf.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—savannah thorn
** subsp. ''australis'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''australis'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''etbaica'' <small>(Schweinf.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''etbaica'' <small>(Schweinf.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''platycarpa'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''platycarpa'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''uncinata'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''uncinata'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia exuvialis]]'' <small>(Verdoorn) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Flaky-bark acacia
* ''[[Vachellia exuvialis]]'' <small>(Verdoorn) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—flaky-bark acacia
* ''[[Vachellia farnesiana]]'' <small>(L.) Wight & Arn.</small>—Huisache
* ''[[Vachellia farnesiana]]'' <small>(L.) Wight & Arn.</small>—huisache
** [[Vachellia farnesiana var. farnesiana|var. ''farnesiana'']] <small>(L.) Wight & Arn.</small>
** [[Vachellia farnesiana var. farnesiana|var. ''farnesiana'']] <small>(L.) Wight & Arn.</small>
** var. ''guanacastensis'' <small>(H.D.Clarke ''et al''.) Wight & Arn.</small>
** var. ''guanacastensis'' <small>(H.D.Clarke ''et al''.) Wight & Arn.</small>
** var. ''minuta'' <small>(M.E.Jones) Wight & Arn.</small>
** var. ''minuta'' <small>(M.E.Jones) Wight & Arn.</small>
** var. ''pinetorum'' <small>(F.J.Herm.) Wight & Arn.</small>—Pineland wattle
** var. ''pinetorum'' <small>(F.J.Herm.) Wight & Arn.</small>—pineland wattle
* ''[[Vachellia fischeri]]'' <small>(Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Flat-topped thorn
* ''[[Vachellia fischeri]]'' <small>(Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—flat-topped thorn
* ''[[Vachellia flava]]'' <small>(Forssk.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia flava]]'' <small>(Forssk.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia gentlei]]'' <small>(Standley) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Gentle Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia gentlei]]'' <small>(Standley) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—gentle acacia
* ''[[Vachellia gerrardii]]'' <small>(Benth.) P.J.H. Hurter</small>—Red Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia gerrardii]]'' <small>(Benth.) P.J.H. Hurter</small>—red acacia
** var. ''calvescens'' <small>(Brenan) P.J.H. Hurter</small>
** var. ''calvescens'' <small>(Brenan) P.J.H. Hurter</small>
** var. ''gerrardii'' <small>(Benth.) P.J.H. Hurter</small>
** var. ''gerrardii'' <small>(Benth.) P.J.H. Hurter</small>
** var. ''latisiliqua'' <small>(Brenan) P.J.H. Hurter</small>
** var. ''latisiliqua'' <small>(Brenan) P.J.H. Hurter</small>
* ''[[Vachellia glandulifera]]'' <small>(S. Watson) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia glandulifera]]'' <small>(S. Watson) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia globulifera]]'' <small>(Saff.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Globular Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia globulifera]]'' <small>(Saff.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—globular acacia
* ''[[Vachellia grandicornuta]]'' <small>(Gerstner) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Horned-thorn Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia grandicornuta]]'' <small>(Gerstner) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—horned-thorn acacia
* ''[[Vachellia guanacastensis]]'' <small>(Clark, Seigler, & Ebinger) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia guanacastensis]]'' <small>(Clark, Seigler, & Ebinger) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia gummifera]]'' <small>(Willd.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Gum-bearing Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia gummifera]]'' <small>(Willd.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—gum-bearing acacia
* ''[[Vachellia haematoxylon]]'' <small>(Willd.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Gray camel thorn, Giraffe thorn<ref name="dwaf">{{cite web |url=http://www2.dwaf.gov.za/dwaf/cmsdocs/4116___poster%20protected%20trees.pdf |title=Protected Trees |date=3 May 2013 |publisher=Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Republic of South Africa |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100705085122/http://www2.dwaf.gov.za/dwaf/cmsdocs/4116___poster%20protected%20trees.pdf |archive-date=5 July 2010 }}</ref>
* ''[[Vachellia haematoxylon]]'' <small>(Willd.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—gray camel thorn, giraffe thorn<ref name="dwaf">{{cite web |url=http://www2.dwaf.gov.za/dwaf/cmsdocs/4116___poster%20protected%20trees.pdf |title=Protected Trees |date=3 May 2013 |publisher=Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Republic of South Africa |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100705085122/http://www2.dwaf.gov.za/dwaf/cmsdocs/4116___poster%20protected%20trees.pdf |archive-date=5 July 2010 }}</ref>
* ''[[Vachellia harmandiana]]'' <small>(Pierre) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia harmandiana]]'' <small>(Pierre) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia hebeclada]]'' <small>(DC.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Candle-pod Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia hebeclada]]'' <small>(DC.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—candle-pod acacia
** subsp. ''chobiensis'' <small>(O.B.Miller) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''chobiensis'' <small>(O.B.Miller) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''hebeclada'' <small>(DC.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''hebeclada'' <small>(DC.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''tristis'' <small>(A.Schreiber) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''tristis'' <small>(A.Schreiber) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia hindsii]]'' <small>(Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Hinds Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia hindsii]]'' <small>(Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Hinds acacia
* ''[[Vachellia hockii]]'' <small>(De Wild.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia hockii]]'' <small>(De Wild.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia horrida]]'' <small>(L.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Long White-galled Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia horrida]]'' <small>(L.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—long white-galled acacia
** subsp. ''benadirensis'' <small>(Chiov.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''benadirensis'' <small>(Chiov.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''horrida'' <small>(L.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''horrida'' <small>(L.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
Line 158: Line 158:
* ''[[Vachellia insulae-iacobi]]'' <small>(L. Riley) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia insulae-iacobi]]'' <small>(L. Riley) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
<!-- Vachellia insularis was reclassified as Vachellia farnesiana. -->
<!-- Vachellia insularis was reclassified as Vachellia farnesiana. -->
* ''[[Vachellia jacquemontii]]'' (<small>Benth.</small>) Ali—Baonḷī, Raati-banwali
* ''[[Vachellia jacquemontii]]'' (<small>Benth.</small>) ali—baonḷī, raati-banwali
* ''[[Vachellia janzenii]]'' <small>(Ebinger & Seigler) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Janzen Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia janzenii]]'' <small>(Ebinger & Seigler) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Janzen acacia
* ''[[Vachellia karroo]]'' <small>(Hayne) Banfi & Galasso</small>—Karroo Bush<ref name=wr1>Taxon in the ''V. karroo'' complex, see: {{cite web|last1=Roland |first1=Dr. Wolf-Achim |title=The Acacia (s.l.)-karroo complex, Status 2014 |url=http://www.acacia-world.net/index.php/africa-me/south-africa/the-vachellia-karroo-complex |website=Acacia World |access-date=20 November 2015}}</ref>
* ''[[Vachellia karroo]]'' <small>(Hayne) Banfi & Galasso</small>—Karroo Bush<ref name=wr1>Taxon in the ''V. karroo'' complex, see: {{cite web|last1=Roland |first1=Dr. Wolf-Achim |title=The Acacia (s.l.)-karroo complex, Status 2014 |url=http://www.acacia-world.net/index.php/africa-me/south-africa/the-vachellia-karroo-complex |website=Acacia World |access-date=20 November 2015}}</ref>
* ''[[Vachellia kingii]]'' <small>(Prain) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia kingii]]'' <small>(Prain) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia kirkii]]'' <small>(Oliv.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Flood plain acacia
* ''[[Vachellia kirkii]]'' <small>(Oliv.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—flood plain acacia
** subsp. ''kirkii'' <small>(Oliv.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''kirkii'' <small>(Oliv.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
*** var. ''kirkii'' <small>(Oliv.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
*** var. ''kirkii'' <small>(Oliv.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
Line 168: Line 168:
** subsp. ''mildbraedii'' <small>(Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''mildbraedii'' <small>(Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia koltermanii]]'' <small>R. García, M. Mejía, Ebinger, & Seigler</small><ref name="García">{{cite journal |vauthors=Seigler DS, García R, Mejía M, Ebinger JE | title = A new species of ''Vachellia'' (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) from Haiti | journal = Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas | volume = 6 | issue = 1 | pages = 45 | year = 2012 | url = http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/78422251/new-species-vachellia-fabaceae-mimosoideae-from-haiti | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160301230142/http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/78422251/new-species-vachellia-fabaceae-mimosoideae-from-haiti | url-status = dead | archive-date = 2016-03-01 }}</ref>
* ''[[Vachellia koltermanii]]'' <small>R. García, M. Mejía, Ebinger, & Seigler</small><ref name="García">{{cite journal |vauthors=Seigler DS, García R, Mejía M, Ebinger JE | title = A new species of ''Vachellia'' (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) from Haiti | journal = Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas | volume = 6 | issue = 1 | pages = 45 | year = 2012 | url = http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/78422251/new-species-vachellia-fabaceae-mimosoideae-from-haiti | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160301230142/http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/78422251/new-species-vachellia-fabaceae-mimosoideae-from-haiti | url-status = dead | archive-date = 2016-03-01 }}</ref>
* ''[[Vachellia kosiensis]]'' <small>(P.P.Sw. ex Coates Palgr.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small><ref name=wr1/>—Dune acacia, Dune sweet-thorn
* ''[[Vachellia kosiensis]]'' <small>(P.P.Sw. ex Coates Palgr.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small><ref name=wr1/>—dune acacia, dune sweet-thorn
* ''[[Vachellia lahai]]'' <small>(Steud. & Hochst. ex. Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Red-thorn acacia
* ''[[Vachellia lahai]]'' <small>(Steud. & Hochst. ex. Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—red-thorn acacia
* ''[[Vachellia lasiopetala]]'' <small>(Oliv.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia lasiopetala]]'' <small>(Oliv.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia latispina]]'' <small>(J.E.Burrows & S.M.Burrows) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia latispina]]'' <small>(J.E.Burrows & S.M.Burrows) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia leucophloea]]'' <small>(Roxb.) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Pilang
* ''[[Vachellia leucophloea]]'' <small>(Roxb.) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger</small>—pilang
** var. ''leucophloea'' <small>(Roxb.) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger</small>
** var. ''leucophloea'' <small>(Roxb.) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger</small>
** var. ''microcephala'' <small>(Kurz) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger</small>
** var. ''microcephala'' <small>(Kurz) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia leucospira]]'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia leucospira]]'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia luederitzii]]'' <small>(Engl.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Bastard umbrella thorn
* ''[[Vachellia luederitzii]]'' <small>(Engl.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—bastard umbrella thorn
** var. ''luederitzii'' <small>(Engl.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Kalahari-sand acacia
** var. ''luederitzii'' <small>(Engl.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Kalahari-sand acacia
** var. ''retinens'' <small>(Sim) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Balloon-thorn acacia
** var. ''retinens'' <small>(Sim) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—balloon-thorn acacia
<!-- Vachellia lutea was reclassified as Vachellia aroma and Vachellia macracantha. -->
<!-- Vachellia lutea was reclassified as Vachellia aroma and Vachellia macracantha. -->
* ''[[Vachellia macracantha]]'' <small>(Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Longspine Acacia, French Casha, Long-spine Acacia, Porknut, Cambrón, Long-spined Acacia, (''Jamaica'') Parknut, (''Virgin Islands'') Wild Tamarind, (''Netherlands Antilles'') Creole Casha, Spanish Casha, Steel Acacia, (''Virgin Islands'') Stink Casha, Strink Casha
* ''[[Vachellia macracantha]]'' <small>(Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—longspine acacia, French casha, long-spine acacia, porknut, cambrón, long-spined acacia, (''Jamaica'') parknut, (''Virgin Islands'') wild tamarind, (''Netherlands Antilles'') Creole casha, Spanish casha, steel acacia, (''Virgin Islands'') stink casha, strink casha
* ''[[Vachellia macrothyrsa]]'' <small>(Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia macrothyrsa]]'' <small>(Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia malacocephala]]'' <small>(Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Black-galled Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia malacocephala]]'' <small>(Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—black-galled acacia
* ''[[Vachellia mayana]]'' <small>(Lundell) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Maya Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia mayana]]'' <small>(Lundell) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Maya Acacia
<!-- Vachellia mbuluënsis is an alternative spelling of Vachellia mbuluensis. -->
<!-- Vachellia mbuluënsis is an alternative spelling of Vachellia mbuluensis. -->
* ''[[Vachellia mbuluensis]]'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Hairy-galled Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia mbuluensis]]'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—hairy-galled acacia
* ''[[Vachellia melanoceras]]'' <small>(Beurl.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Blackthorn Acacia, Bullhorn Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia melanoceras]]'' <small>(Beurl.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—blackthorn acacia, bullhorn acacia
* ''[[Vachellia montana]]'' <small>(P.P.Swartz) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia montana]]'' <small>(P.P.Swartz) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia myaingii]]'' <small>(Lace) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia myaingii]]'' <small>(Lace) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia myrmecophila]]'' <small>(R.Vig.) Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia myrmecophila]]'' <small>(R.Vig.) Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia natalitia]]'' <small>(E.Mey.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small><ref name=wr1/>—Pale-bark acacia, Pale-bark sweet thorn<!-- Vachellia natalitia may be a synonym of Vachellia karroo. -->
* ''[[Vachellia natalitia]]'' <small>(E.Mey.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small><ref name=wr1/>—pale-bark acacia, pale-bark sweet thorn<!-- Vachellia natalitia may be a synonym of Vachellia karroo. -->
* ''[[Vachellia nebrownii]]'' <small>(Burtt Davy) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Water acacia, Water thorn
* ''[[Vachellia nebrownii]]'' <small>(Burtt Davy) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—water acacia, water thorn
* ''[[Vachellia negrii]]'' <small>(Pichi-Sermolli) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia negrii]]'' <small>(Pichi-Sermolli) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
*''[[Vachellia nilotica]]'' <small>(L.) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb.</small>—Scented-pod Acacia, Gum Arabic Tree, Babul, Amrad Gum, Thorny Mimosa of India
*''[[Vachellia nilotica]]'' <small>(L.) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb.</small>—scented-pod acacia, gum Arabic tree, babul, Amrad gum, thorny mimosa of India
** [[Vachellia nilotica subsp. adstringens|subsp. ''adstringens'']] <small>(Schumach. & Thonn.) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb.</small>
** [[Vachellia nilotica subsp. adstringens|subsp. ''adstringens'']] <small>(Schumach. & Thonn.) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb.</small>
** [[Vachellia nilotica subsp. cupressiformis|subsp. ''cupressiformis'']] <small>(J.L.Stewart) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb.</small>
** [[Vachellia nilotica subsp. cupressiformis|subsp. ''cupressiformis'']] <small>(J.L.Stewart) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb.</small>
Line 209: Line 209:
** var. ''oerfota'' <small>(Forssk) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** var. ''oerfota'' <small>(Forssk) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia origena]]'' <small>(Hunde) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia origena]]'' <small>(Hunde) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia ormocarpoides]]'' <small>(P.J.H. Hurter) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Leolo Thorn
* ''[[Vachellia ormocarpoides]]'' <small>(P.J.H. Hurter) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Leolo thorn
* ''[[Vachellia oviedoensis]]'' <small>(R. García & M. Mejía) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia oviedoensis]]'' <small>(R. García & M. Mejía) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia pacensis]]'' <small>(Rudd & Carter) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia pacensis]]'' <small>(Rudd & Carter) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
Line 220: Line 220:
** subsp. ''paucijuga'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''paucijuga'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
<!-- Vachellia peninsularis was reclassified as Vachellia farnesiana. -->
<!-- Vachellia peninsularis was reclassified as Vachellia farnesiana. -->
* ''[[Vachellia pennatula]]'' <small>(Schltdl. & Cham.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Feather Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia pennatula]]'' <small>(Schltdl. & Cham.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—feather acacia
** var. ''parvicephala'' <small>Seigler & Ebinger</small>
** var. ''parvicephala'' <small>Seigler & Ebinger</small>
** var. ''pennatula'' <small>(Schltdl. & Cham.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
** var. ''pennatula'' <small>(Schltdl. & Cham.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia permixta]]'' <small>(Burtt Davy) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Slender Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia permixta]]'' <small>(Burtt Davy) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—slender acacia
* ''[[Vachellia pilispina]]'' <small>(Pichi-Sermolli) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Mpande
* ''[[Vachellia pilispina]]'' <small>(Pichi-Sermolli) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—mpande
* ''[[Vachellia polypyrigenes]]'' <small>(Greenm.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia polypyrigenes]]'' <small>(Greenm.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia prasinata]]'' <small>(Hunde) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia prasinata]]'' <small>(Hunde) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia pringlei]]'' <small>(Rose) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Pringle Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia pringlei]]'' <small>(Rose) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Pringle acacia
** var. ''californica'' <small></small>—California Pringle acacia
** var. ''californica'' <small></small>—California Pringle acacia
** var. ''pringlei'' <small>(Rose) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Typical Pringle acacia
** var. ''pringlei'' <small>(Rose) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—typical Pringle acacia
<!-- Vachellia pseudoeburnea was reclassified as Vachellia eburnea. -->
<!-- Vachellia pseudoeburnea was reclassified as Vachellia eburnea. -->
* ''[[Vachellia pseudofistula]]'' <small>(Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Ant-galled Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia pseudofistula]]'' <small>(Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—ant-galled acacia
* ''[[Vachellia qandalensis]]'' <small>(Thulin) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia qandalensis]]'' <small>(Thulin) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia quintanilhae]]'' <small>(Torre) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia quintanilhae]]'' <small>(Torre) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia reficiens]]'' <small>(Wawra) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Red-bark Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia reficiens]]'' <small>(Wawra) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—red-bark acacia
** subsp. ''misera'' <small>(Vatke) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''misera'' <small>(Vatke) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''reficiens'' <small>(Wawra) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''reficiens'' <small>(Wawra) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia rehmanniana]]'' <small>(Schinz) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Silky Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia rehmanniana]]'' <small>(Schinz) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—silky acacia
* ''[[Vachellia rigidula]]'' <small>(Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Blackbrush Acacia, Blackbrush
* ''[[Vachellia rigidula]]'' <small>(Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—blackbrush acacia, blackbrush
* ''[[Vachellia robbertsei]]'' <small>(P.P.Swartz) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small><ref name=wr1/>—Sekhukhune acacia
* ''[[Vachellia robbertsei]]'' <small>(P.P.Swartz) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small><ref name=wr1/>—Sekhukhune acacia
* ''[[Vachellia robusta]]'' <small>(Burch.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Splendid Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia robusta]]'' <small>(Burch.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—splendid acacia
** subsp. ''clavigera'' <small>(E.Mey.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—River acacia
** subsp. ''clavigera'' <small>(E.Mey.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—river acacia
** subsp. ''robusta'' <small>(Burch.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Robust acacia
** subsp. ''robusta'' <small>(Burch.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—robust acacia
** subsp. ''usambarensis'' <small>(Taub.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** subsp. ''usambarensis'' <small>(Taub.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
<!-- Vachellia roigi is a mispelling of Vachellia roigii. -->
<!-- Vachellia roigi is a mispelling of Vachellia roigii. -->
* ''[[Vachellia roigii]]'' <small>(Léon) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Roig Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia roigii]]'' <small>(Léon) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Roig acacia
* ''[[Vachellia rorudiana]]'' <small>(Christopherson) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Galapagos acacia
* ''[[Vachellia rorudiana]]'' <small>(Christopherson) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Galapagos acacia
* ''[[Vachellia ruddiae]]'' <small>(D. H. Janzen) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Rudd Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia ruddiae]]'' <small>(D. H. Janzen) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Rudd acacia
* ''[[Vachellia schaffneri]]'' <small>(S. Watson) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Schaffner's Wattle, Twisted Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia schaffneri]]'' <small>(S. Watson) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Schaffner's wattle, twisted acacia
** var. ''bravoensis'' <small>(Isely) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
** var. ''bravoensis'' <small>(Isely) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
** var. ''schaffneri'' <small>(S. Watson) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
** var. ''schaffneri'' <small>(S. Watson) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia schottii]]'' <small>(Torr.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Schott's Wattle
* ''[[Vachellia schottii]]'' <small>(Torr.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Schott's wattle
* ''[[Vachellia sekhukhuniensis]]'' <small>(P.J.H. Hurter) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Sekhukhune thorn
* ''[[Vachellia sekhukhuniensis]]'' <small>(P.J.H. Hurter) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Sekhukhune thorn
* ''[[Vachellia seyal]]'' <small>(Delile) P.J.H. Hurter</small>—White Whistling Thorn
* ''[[Vachellia seyal]]'' <small>(Delile) P.J.H. Hurter</small>—white whistling thorn
** var. ''fistula'' <small>(Schweinf.) P.J.H. Hurter</small>
** var. ''fistula'' <small>(Schweinf.) P.J.H. Hurter</small>
** var. ''seyal'' <small>(Delile) P.J.H. Hurter</small>
** var. ''seyal'' <small>(Delile) P.J.H. Hurter</small>
* ''[[Vachellia siamensis]]'' <small>(Craib) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia siamensis]]'' <small>(Craib) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia sieberiana]]'' <small>(DC.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Paperbark Acacia, Paperbark Thorn
* ''[[Vachellia sieberiana]]'' <small>(DC.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—paperbark acacia, paperbark thorn
** var. ''sieberiana'' <small>(DC.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** var. ''sieberiana'' <small>(DC.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** var. ''villosa'' <small>(A.Chev.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** var. ''villosa'' <small>(A.Chev.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** var. ''woodii'' <small>(Burtt Davy) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** var. ''woodii'' <small>(Burtt Davy) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia sphaerocephala]]'' <small>(Schltdl. & Cham.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Roundhead Acacia, Bee Wattle
* ''[[Vachellia sphaerocephala]]'' <small>(Schltdl. & Cham.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—roundhead acacia, bee wattle
* ''[[Vachellia stuhlmannii]]'' <small>(Taub.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Olive-barked Thorn, Vlei Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia stuhlmannii]]'' <small>(Taub.) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—olive-barked thorn, vlei acacia
* ''[[Vachellia suberosa]]'' <small>(A. Cunn. ex Benth.) Kodela</small>—Corkybark Wattle
* ''[[Vachellia suberosa]]'' <small>(A. Cunn. ex Benth.) Kodela</small>—corkybark wattle
* ''[[Vachellia sutherlandii]]'' <small>(F. Muell.) Kodela</small>—Corkwood Wattle
* ''[[Vachellia sutherlandii]]'' <small>(F. Muell.) Kodela</small>—corkwood wattle
* ''[[Vachellia swazica]]'' <small>(Burtt Davy) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Swazi Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia swazica]]'' <small>(Burtt Davy) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Swazi acacia
* ''[[Vachellia tenuispina]]'' <small>(Verdoorn) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Turf Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia tenuispina]]'' <small>(Verdoorn) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—turf acacia
* ''[[Vachellia tephrophylla]]'' <small>(Thulin) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia tephrophylla]]'' <small>(Thulin) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia theronii]]'' <small>(P.P.Sw.) Boatwr.</small><ref name=wr1/>—Slender Mountain Thorn
* ''[[Vachellia theronii]]'' <small>(P.P.Sw.) Boatwr.</small><ref name=wr1/>—slender mountain thorn
* ''[[Vachellia tomentosa]]'' <small>(Rottler) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Klampis
* ''[[Vachellia tomentosa]]'' <small>(Rottler) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger</small>—klampis
* ''[[Vachellia torrei]]'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Mozambique Sticky Thorn
* ''[[Vachellia torrei]]'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Mozambique sticky thorn
* ''[[Vachellia tortilis]]'' <small>(Forssk.) Galasso & Banfi</small>—Umbrella Thorn, Umbrella Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia tortilis]]'' <small>(Forssk.) Galasso & Banfi</small>—umbrella thorn, umbrella acacia
** subsp. ''heteracantha'' <small>(Burch.) Galasso & Banfi</small>
** subsp. ''heteracantha'' <small>(Burch.) Galasso & Banfi</small>
** subsp. ''raddiana'' <small>(Savi) Galasso & Banfi</small>
** subsp. ''raddiana'' <small>(Savi) Galasso & Banfi</small>
Line 280: Line 280:
*** var. ''spirocarpa'' <small>(Hochst. ex. A.Rich.) Galasso & Banfi</small>
*** var. ''spirocarpa'' <small>(Hochst. ex. A.Rich.) Galasso & Banfi</small>
** subsp. ''tortilis'' <small>(Forssk.) Galasso & Banfi</small>
** subsp. ''tortilis'' <small>(Forssk.) Galasso & Banfi</small>
* ''[[Vachellia tortuosa]]'' <small>(L.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Twisted Acacia, Acacia Bush, Casia, Catclaw, Dutch Casha, Huisachillo, Rio Grande Acacia, Sweet Briar, Sweet-briar, Wild Poponax
* ''[[Vachellia tortuosa]]'' <small>(L.) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—twisted acacia, acacia bush, casia, catclaw, Dutch casha, huisachillo, Rio Grande acacia, sweet briar, sweet-briar, wild poponax
* ''[[Vachellia turnbulliana]]'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Velvet Pod Acacia
* ''[[Vachellia turnbulliana]]'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—velvet pod acacia
* ''[[Vachellia valida]]'' <small>(Tindale & Kodela) Kodela</small>
* ''[[Vachellia valida]]'' <small>(Tindale & Kodela) Kodela</small>
* ''[[Vachellia vernicosa]]'' <small>(Britton & Rose) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—Viscid Acacia<!-- Vachellia neovernicosa? -->
* ''[[Vachellia vernicosa]]'' <small>(Britton & Rose) Seigler & Ebinger</small>—viscid acacia<!-- Vachellia neovernicosa? -->
* ''[[Vachellia viguieri]]'' <small>(Villiers & Du Puy) Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia viguieri]]'' <small>(Villiers & Du Puy) Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia villaregalis]]'' <small>(McVaugh) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia villaregalis]]'' <small>(McVaugh) Seigler & Ebinger</small>
* ''[[Vachellia walwalensis]]'' <small>(Gilliland) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
* ''[[Vachellia walwalensis]]'' <small>(Gilliland) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
<!-- Vachellia wightii was reclassified as Vachellia bolei. -->
<!-- Vachellia wightii was reclassified as Vachellia bolei. -->
* ''[[Vachellia xanthophloea]]'' <small>(Benth.) P.J.H. Hurter</small>—Fever tree
* ''[[Vachellia xanthophloea]]'' <small>(Benth.) P.J.H. Hurter</small>—fever tree
* ''[[Vachellia zanzibarica]]'' <small>(S.Moore) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—Coastal Whistling Thorn
* ''[[Vachellia zanzibarica]]'' <small>(S.Moore) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>—coastal whistling thorn
** var. ''microphylla'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** var. ''microphylla'' <small>(Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** var. ''zanzibarica'' <small>(S.Moore) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>
** var. ''zanzibarica'' <small>(S.Moore) Kyal. & Boatwr.</small>

Revision as of 03:42, 23 February 2021

Vachellia
Vachellia farnesiana
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Caesalpinioideae
Clade: Mimosoid clade
Genus: Vachellia
Wight & Arn.
Type species
Vachellia farnesiana
(L.) Wight & Arn.
Species

147; see text.

World map showing Vachellia species occurring through out the tropics
The original range of the genus Vachellia. Today it is also found in most Mediterranean countries.
Synonyms[1]
  • Acacia subg. Acacia Vassal, nom. illeg.
  • Acaciopsis Britton & Rose
  • Aldina E.Mey.
  • Bahamia Britton & Rose
  • Delaportea Gagnepain
  • Farnesia Gasparrini
  • Feracacia Britton & Rose
  • Fishlockia Britton & Rose
  • Gumifera Raf.
  • Lucaya Britton & Rose
  • Myrmecodendron Britton & Rose
  • Nimiria Craib
  • Pithecodendron Speg.
  • Poponax Raf.
  • Protoacacia Mill.
  • Tauroceras Britton & Rose

Vachellia is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus Acacia until 2009.[2][3] Vachellia can be distinguished from other acacias by its capitate inflorescences and spinescent stipules.[4] Before discovery of the New World, Europeans in the Mediterranean region were familiar with several species of Vachellia, which they knew as sources of medicine, and had names for them that they inherited from the Greeks and Romans.[5]

The wide-ranging genus occurs in a variety of open, tropical to subtropical habitats, and is locally dominant.[6] In parts of Africa, Vachellia species are shaped progressively by grazing animals of increasing size and height, such as gazelle, gerenuk, and giraffe. The genus in Africa has thus developed thorns in defence against such herbivory.[7]

Nomenclature

By 2005, it had become clear that Acacia sensu lato needed to be split into at least five separate genera. The ICN dictated that under these circumstances, the name of Acacia should remain with the original type, which was Acacia nilotica.[1] However, that year the General Committee of the IBC decided that Acacia should be given a new type (Acacia verticillatum) so that the ~900 species of Australian acacias would not need to be renamed Racosperma. This decision was opposed by 54.9% or 247 representatives at its 2005 congress, while 45.1% or 203 votes were cast in favor. However, since a 60% vote was required to override the committee, the decision was carried, and a nom. cons. propositum was listed in Appendix III (p. 286).[8][9] The 2011 congress voted 373 to 172 to uphold the 2005 decision, which means that the name Acacia and a new type follow the majority of the species in Acacia sensu lato, rather than this genus.[10] However, some members of the botanical community remain dissatisfied.[11]

Description

The members of Vachellia are trees or shrubs, sometimes climbing, and are always armed. Younger plants, especially, are armed with spines which are modified stipules, situated near the leaf bases. Some (cf. V. tortilis, Vachellia hebeclada [Wikidata], V. luederitzii and V. reficiens) are also armed with paired, recurved prickles (in addition to the spines).[12] The leaves are alternate and bipinnately arranged, and their pinnae are usually opposite. The racemose inflorescences usually grow from the leaf axils. The yellow or creamy white flowers are produced in spherical heads, or seldom in elongate spikes, which is the general rule in the related genus Senegalia. The flowers are typically bisexual with numerous stamens, but unisexual flowers have been noted in V. nilotica (cf. Sinha, 1971).[13] The calyx and corolla are usually 4 to 5-lobed. Glands are usually present on the rachis and the upper side of the petiole. The seed pod may be straight, curved or curled, and either dehiscent or indehiscent.[12]

  • V. vernicosa, or "viscid acacia", in habitat, Far West Texas
    V. vernicosa, or "viscid acacia", in habitat, Far West Texas
  • V. vernicosa, detail of inflorescence
    V. vernicosa, detail of inflorescence

Species list

Of the 163 species currently assigned to Vachellia, 52 are native to the Americas, 83 to Africa, Madagascar and the Mascarene Islands, 32 to Asia and 9 to Australia and the Pacific Islands.[14] Vachellia comprises the following species:[15][2][16][17][3][18][19][20][21]

Incertae sedis

These species are suspected to belong to Vachellia, but have not been formally transferred.[18]

Hybrids

  • Vachellia × cedilloi (Rico Arce) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia campechiana × pennatula
  • Vachellia erioloba × haematoxylon
  • Vachellia × gladiata (Saff.) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia kirkii × seyal
  • Vachellia macracantha × pennatula
  • Vachellia seyal var. fistula × xanthophloea
  • Vachellia × standleyi (Saff.) Seigler & Ebinger

References

  1. ^ a b Maslin, B. R.; Orchard, A. E.; West, J. G. "Nomenclatural and classification history of Acacia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae), and the implications of generic subdivision" (PDF). worldwidewattle.com. Retrieved 5 November 2015.
  2. ^ a b Kyalangalilwa B, Boatwright JS, Daru BH, Maurin O, van der Bank M (2013). "Phylogenetic position and revised classification of Acacia s.l. (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) in Africa, including new combinations in Vachellia and Senegalia". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 172 (4): 500–523. doi:10.1111/boj.12047.
  3. ^ a b Clarke HD, Seigler DS, Ebinger JE (2009). "Taxonomic Revision of the Vachellia acuifera Species Group (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) in the Caribbean". Systematic Botany. 34 (1): 84–101. doi:10.1600/036364409787602285. S2CID 86066178.
  4. ^ Dyer C. (2014). "New names for the African Acacia species in Vachellia and Senegalia". Southern Forests: A Journal of Forest Science. 76 (4): iii. doi:10.2989/20702620.2014.980090.
  5. ^ Austin, Daniel F. (2004). Florida ethnobotany Fairchild Tropical Garden, Coral Gables, Florida, Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum, Tucson, Arizona: with more than 500 species illustrated by Penelope N. Honychurch ... [et al.] Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. pp. 58–59. ISBN 9780203491881.
  6. ^ Shorrocks, Bryan; Bates, William (2014). The Biology of African Savannahs (Biology of Habitats Series ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 231–233. ISBN 978-0198702702.
  7. ^ Chidumayo, Emmanuel N.; Gumbo, Davison J. (2010). The Dry Forests and Woodlands of Africa: Managing for Products and Services. Routledge. p. 25. ISBN 9781136531378.
  8. ^ Corder, Hugh; Glazewski, Jan; Bleazard, Janice (2009). A Rose is a Rose but is an 'Acacia' an 'Acacia'? Global administrative law: development and innovation. Cape Town: Juta. ISBN 9780702181900.
  9. ^ Moore, Gerry; Smith, Gideon F.; Figueiredo, Estrela; Demissew, Sebsebe; Lewis, Gwilym; Schrire, Brian; Rico, Lourdes; van Wyk, Abraham E.; Luckow, Melissa; Kiesling, Roberto; Sousa, Mario (June 2011). "The Acacia controversy resulting from minority rule at the Vienna Nomenclature Section: Much more than arcane arguments and complex technicalities" (PDF). Taxon. 60 (3): 852–857. doi:10.1002/tax.603017. hdl:2263/17167. Retrieved 19 May 2016.
  10. ^ "The Acacia debate" (PDF). IBC2011 Congress News. Retrieved May 5, 2016.
  11. ^ "Conserving Acacia Mill. with a conserved type: What happened in Melbourne?" (PDF). Taxon. Retrieved May 5, 2016.
  12. ^ a b Hyde, Mark; et al. "3446.000 Acacia Mill.—Thorn trees". Flora of Zimbabwe. Retrieved 6 November 2015.
  13. ^ "Handbook on seeds of dry-zone acacias, 3. Reproductive biology". fao.org. FAO Corporate Document Repository: Agriculture and Consumer Protection. Retrieved 6 November 2015.
  14. ^ Thiele KR. (2011). "The controversy over the retypification of Acacia Mill. with an Australian type: A pragmatic view" (PDF). Taxon. 60 (1): 194–198. doi:10.1002/tax.601017. JSTOR 41059833.
  15. ^ Seigler DS, Ebinger JE (2005). "New combinations in the genus Vachellia (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) from the New World". Phytologia. 87 (3): 139–78.
  16. ^ Seigler DS, Ebinger JE (2010). "New combinations in Senegalia and Vachellia (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae)" (PDF). Phytologia. 92 (1): 92–95.
  17. ^ Maslin BR, Seigler DS, Ebinger J (2013). "New combinations in Senegalia and Vachellia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) for Southeast Asia and China". Blumea. 58 (1): 39–44. doi:10.3767/000651913X669914.
  18. ^ a b Maslin B. "List of Acacia sensu lato species". World Wide Wattle. Retrieved 4 January 2014.
  19. ^ Kodela PG, Wilson PG (2006). "New combinations in the genus Vachellia (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) from Australia". Telopea. 11 (2): 233–244. doi:10.7751/telopea20065723.
  20. ^ Ali SI. (2014). "The Genus Acacia s.l. in Pakistan" (PDF). Pak J Bot. 46 (1): 1–4.
  21. ^ "Phylogenetic position of Madagascan species of Acacia s.l. and new combinations in Senegalia and Vachellia (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae, Acacieae)". Bot J Linn Soc. 179 (2): 288–294. 2015. doi:10.1111/boj.12320. {{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |authors= (help)
  22. ^ Maiden, J. H. (1889). The Useful Native Plants of Australia (including Tasmania). Sydney: Turner and Henderson. p. 3.
  23. ^ Maslin BR. (2014). "Vachellia bolei (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae), the correct name for a species from India" (PDF). Nuytsia. 24: 21–22.
  24. ^ a b c d e f Taxon in the V. karroo complex, see: Roland, Dr. Wolf-Achim. "The Acacia (s.l.)-karroo complex, Status 2014". Acacia World. Retrieved 20 November 2015.
  25. ^ "Protected Trees" (PDF). Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Republic of South Africa. 3 May 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 July 2010.
  26. ^ Seigler DS, García R, Mejía M, Ebinger JE (2012). "A new species of Vachellia (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) from Haiti". Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas. 6 (1): 45. Archived from the original on 2016-03-01.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vachellia&oldid=1008402212"