Álvaro de Albornoz

Álvaro de Albornoz y Liminiana (born June 13, 1879 in Luarca , Asturias , † October 22, 1954 in Mexico ) was a Spanish lawyer , author and politician .

biography

Early life

Álvaro studied law at the University of Oviedo . During his studies he came into contact with the Republican Party in Oviedo, which was very well known in intellectual circles. Some of his professors were Leopoldo Alas "Clarín" and Adolfo Álvarez Buylla , a Marxist and the founder of the sociological seminar in the faculty library. Albornoz left Oviedo and went to Madrid , where he was influenced by Francisco Giner de los Ríos and the “ Institución Libre de Enseñanza ”. During these years his social and political worldview was shaped and affirmed.

Returning to his birthplace Luarca , he worked as a lawyer for ten years. He became an active socialist and wrote for "La Aurora Sozial", a political newspaper in Astrein . In 1909 he became a member of the Partido Republicano Radical . In 1910 he was elected MP for Zaragoza . Albornoz held this position until the 1914 elections. After that, he turned his back on politics and the party to practice as a lawyer and to devote himself more to writing.

Political career

It was not until 1929 that Albornoz founded a new party, Partido Radical Socialista, in the “ Cárcel Modelo de Madrid ” together with Marcelino Domingo , which merged with other parties in 1934 and became the “ Izquierda Republicana ”.

He held many offices. Among other things, he was a member of the Revolutionary Committee of 1930, a delegate to the “Cortes Constituantes de la Républica”, and Minister of Justice and Minister for Domestic Development. During his tenure he dissolved the " Compañía de Jesus ", introduced divorce, cut the budget for the "cult and clergy" and changed the rules that applied to religious associations.

In 1930 Victoria Kent defended Albornoz before the court martial .

Albornoz later became the first president of the "Tribunal de Garantías Constitucionales". On July 27, 1936, he was appointed Paris Ambassador to the Republic.

When he was already living in exile in Mexico, he was appointed President of the Republic in Exile and held this office from May 11, 1940 to June 27, 1945. He was also appointed "Jeffe del Gobierno Republicano" from 1947 to 1951 and filled this position So office for two legislative terms.

family

Albornoz was married to Amalia Salas. They had two children, the son Alvaro II and the daughter Concha.

He was the uncle of Severo Ochoa , a Nobel Prize winner in Physiology and Medicine . He was also the great-uncle of Aurora de Albornoz , a poet and literary critic.

Fonts

• La Instrucción, el ahorro y la moralidad de las clases trabajadoras (1900)
• No liras, lanzas (1903)
• Individualismo y socialismo (1908)
• Ideario radical (1913)
• El partido republicano (1918)
• El temperamento español, la democracia y la libertad (1921)
• La tragedia del estado español (1925)
• La Democracia (1925)
• Intelectuales y hombres de acción (1927)
• La Libertad (1927)
• El gran collar de la justicia (1930)
• El gobierno de los caudillos militares (1930)
• La política religiosa de la República (1935)
• Al servicio de la República. De la Unión Republicana al Frente Popular. Criterios de Gobierno (1936)
• Páginas del destierro (1941)
• Semblanzas españolas (1954)

literature

• Alvaro de Albornoz , in: Internationales Biographisches Archiv 11/1955 of March 7, 1955, in the Munzinger archive ( beginning of article freely available)