École libre des sciences politiques
The École libre des sciences politiques (German: 'Free School of Political Sciences'), also called Sciences Po , was a private university that was founded in 1872 by the writer and political scientist Émile Boutmy and in 1945 in the Institut d'études politiques de Paris and the Fondation national des sciences politiques rose.
Origins
Serious political problems arose in France between 1870 and 1872 : the defeat by Prussia, the fall of the Second Empire and the events of the Paris Commune . To support the renewal of the republic and to train the necessary elites, Émile Boutmy founded the École libre des sciences politiques with a group of academics and industrialists in February 1872 . In the first year, 89 students enrolled.
Several educational innovations characterized the new university:
- The early collaboration between distinguished academics and politicians, including ministers, members of the Conseil d'État , and civil servants.
- The intensive cooperation with foreign universities.
- The importance of studying current societies.
- Compulsory physical education
In 1879 the college settled in the Hotel Mortemart on Rue Saint-Guillaume in Paris.
influence
The university contributed to the development of political science and had a quasi-monopoly on teaching it until the Second World War.
nationalization
On October 9, 1945, the university was nationalized and integrated into the Université de Paris under the name Institut d'études politiques de l'Université. On the same day, a national political science foundation (Fondation nationale des sciences politiques) was established to take over the financial management and administration of the newly established institute.
Well-known students
- Ma Jianzhong (1845-1900), Chinese civil servant and scholar
- Frank Johnson Goodnow (1859–1939), American lawyer and political scientist
- António Nobre (1867–1900), Portuguese poet
- Slobodan Jovanović (1869–1958), Yugoslav and Serbian legal scholar, writer and politician
- Jacques Seydoux (1870–1929), French diplomat and author
- Ahmet Ferit Tek (1878–1971), Turkish diplomat and politician
- Mohammad Mossadegh (1882–1967), Prime Minister of Iran
- Samuel Eliot Morison (1887–1976), American historian
- Józef Retinger (1888–1960), Polish political advisor
- Pierre Drieu la Rochelle (1893-1945), French writer
- Grayson L. Kirk (1903–1997), American political scientist, Rector of Columbia University
- Christian Dior (1905–1957), French fashion designer
- King Savang Vatthana of Laos (1907–1980)
- Prince Rainier III. of Monaco (1923-2005)
References and sources
bibliography
- Philip Nord: The Jacobin Legacy in Modern France. Essays in the Honor of Vincent Wright. Oxford University Press , Oxford 2002.
- Claude des Portes: L'Atmosphère des Sciences Po. Foreword by André Siegfried , Paris 1935.
- Pierre Rain: L'École libre des sciences politiques. and L'École et la guerre: la transformation de son statut. Fondation nationale des sciences politiques, Paris 1963.