Overdetermination

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The over-determination describes multiple, independent, concurrent causes for an event .

According to Sigmund Freud , the dream is overdetermined because " most dream thoughts show the most extensive contact " and thus represent " nodes " where " many of the dream thoughts meet ". The dream interpretation must therefore take into account the ambiguity . - Wolfgang Loch , together with Arthur Kronfeld, viewed the determination of mental events as a central prerequisite for psychoanalytic work and assessed the interpretation and protocol statements as "non-party instruments" of the depth psychological research method. Interpretations should be regarded as attempts to be proven experimentally to produce the various determinants assumed in the protocol statements as evidence of the factors that are decisive for causality . This happens in a similar way to how the “surgeon's knife” confirms the diagnosis of the abscess . Such determinants can represent situational behavior, repetition compulsion, superego and id between which a relationship is to be established. It can be compared to a magnetic field that brings the iron filings into a certain order. The interpretation of the dream symbols is subject here in principle to the same conditions.

In his essay “Contradiction and Overdetermination” (1968), Louis Althusser speaks in a historical-political sense of the social forces that could lead to an overdetermined event, the revolution . Elements are overdetermined if they cannot be traced back to a simple cause or have a clear meaning, but rather are fed by several sources and influence one another.

literature

  • Louis Althusser: Contradiction and Overdetermination. Notes for an investigation. In: ders .: For Marx. Suhrkamp, ​​Berlin 2011, ISBN 978-3-518-12600-4 , pp. 105-144.
  • Jean Laplanche , Jean-Bertrand Pontalis : Overdetermination ( or multiple determination). In: The Vocabulary of Psychoanalysis. Under the direction of Daniel Lagache. Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt am Main 1972, pp. 544-546.

Individual evidence

  1. Sigmund Freud : The Interpretation of Dreams . [1900] Collected Works, Volume II / III, S. Fischer, Frankfurt / M; the following page number from: Paperback edition of the Fischer Library, Aug. 1966, VI. The dream work, p. 239.
  2. Wolfgang Loch : On the theory, technology and therapy of psychoanalysis . S. Fischer Conditio humana (edited by Thure von Uexküll & Ilse Grubrich-Simitis 1972), ISBN 3-10-844801-3 , pp. 46-65.
  3. Arthur Kronfeld : The essence of psychiatric knowledge . Berlin 1920.