ʿAbd al-Wāsiʿ Jabalī

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First page of a manuscript by Dīwāns , in praise of Sultan Sandjar, with the first line of poetry

ʿAbd al-Wāsiʿ Jabalī ( Persian امام بدیع الزمان عبد الواسع بن عبد الجامع غرجستانی جبلی Imām Badīʿ az-Zamān ʿAbd al-Wāsiʿ b. ʿAbd al-Jāmiʿ Ghardschistānī Jabalī , DMG Imām Badīʿ az-Zamān ʿAbd al-Vāsiʿ b. ʿAbd al-Ǧāmiʿ Ġarǧistānī Ǧabalī , died around 1160 ) was a Persian poet and panegyric .

Life

Jabalī came from an Alidic family in the mountain province (hence the nickname jabalī , "Bergler") Ghardschestān, which was on the upper reaches of the Murgab in the east of Herat . He lived in Herat for some time and then went into the service of his maternal cousin, Bahram Shah , at the court of Ghazna . Four years later Bahram Shah asked the Seljuks - Sultan Ahmad Sanjar for military assistance. On this occasion Jabalī joined his entourage. He spent the last 14 years of his life at Sandschar's court.

power

Jabalī is considered to be the model of a style that approximated the vernacular, but also included more Arabic vocabulary. At the same time the style of ornamental and rhetorical figures like the chiasmus were used more and more. Overall, the form stands above the content.

You can see this on the first line of his divan. Deeper levels of meaning, as found in Hafez , are missing, but elements such as chiasmus and, above all, the inner rhyme are used. The latter is particularly geared towards the oral presentation: the words zahī “excellent” and the suffix rā of the specific accusative used in classical Persian to denote the dative , with which genitive connections can be formed, enable the reciter to build tension. Long i and a alternate regularly and can be pulled, the high tone attracts attention, the deep tension, because only with the word after the rā does the listener know what it is about:

Divan-e dschabali.svg
Zahī āfāq-rā sulṭān, zahī ayyām-rā mawlā, Zahī gar dūn-i to-rā čākar, zahī kīstī to-rā mawlā.
The ruler's world is excellent, your days are excellent, Lord, It is excellent in your service, excellent whoever serves you, Lord.

According to Mohammad'Awfi Dschabalī was both in Persian as Arabic speak proficient (ḏu'l-balāġatain) , according to find Arabic poems and mixed forms.

Works

Jabalī's most important work is his divan, which he dedicated to Sultan Sanjar. The divan, of which some manuscripts have been preserved, was first published in print in Lahore in 1862, but in a condition that was worth revising. The relevant critical edition appeared in two volumes by Z̲abīḥ Allāh Ṣafā in Tehran in 1960 and 1963 . In addition, a divan of animal names has been preserved, which is supposed to be a "treasure chest of information", but is not available in printed form.

literature

  • [Huart / Massé 1960] Cl. Huart, H. Massé: ʿ Abd al- Wāsi ʿ Dj abalī . In: EI2 . tape I . Brill, Leiden 1999, ISBN 90-04-11040-2 , pp. 94b .
  • [Kadkani 1981] Shafīʿī Kadkanī: Persian Literature (Belles-Lettres) from the Time of Jāmī to the Present Day . In: G. Morrison (Ed.): History of Persian Literature from the Beginning of the Islamic Period to the Present Day (=  Handbook of Oriental Studies, First Department, The Near and Middle East ). tape 4 , Iranian Studies, No. 2 . Brill, Leiden 1981, ISBN 90-04-06481-8 , pp. 142 .
  • [Karaismailoğlu 1988] Adnan Karaismailoğlu: Abdül Vâsi-i Cebelî . In: Bekir Topaloğlu (ed.): Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi . tape 1 . Istanbul 1988, ISBN 975-389-428-7 , pp. 283 ( TDV [PDF; accessed on March 12, 2016]).
  • [Rypka 2001] J [an] Rypka: Poets and Prose Writers of the Late Saljuq and Mongol Periods . In: The Cambridge History of Iran . 4th edition. tape 5 . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2001, ISBN 0-521-06936-X , pp. 550–625 ( from Google Books [accessed March 12, 2016]).
  • [Safa 1960] ʿAbd al-Vāsiʿ b. ʿAbd al-Ǧāmiʿ Ġarǧistānī Ǧabalī: Dīvān-e Ǧabalī . Ed .: Z̲abīḥ Allāh Ṣafā. 2 vol. Entešārāt-e Dānišgāh-e Tehrān, Tehran ( only the 2nd volume - 1960–1963).
  • [Safa 1982] Ẕ. Ṣafā: Abd-Al-Vase Jabali . In: Ehsan Yarshater (ed.): Encyclopædia Iranica . tape I / 2 . London / New York 1982, ISBN 0-7100-9099-4 , pp. 171–172 ( Updated version [accessed March 12, 2016]).

References and comments

  1. ↑ [Karaismailoğlu 1988]
  2. ↑ In the Cambridge History of Iran [Rypka 2001] this is incorrectly stated as the date of birth (p. 559).
  3. ↑ [Safa 1982]
  4. ^ RN Frye : Gh ar dj istān . In: EI2 . tape II . Brill, Leiden 1999, ISBN 90-04-11040-2 , pp. 1010a-1011b .
  5. ↑ [Safa 1982]
  6. ^ [Huart / Massé 1960]
  7. ↑ [Kadkani 1981]
  8. ↑ [Safa 1982]
  9. ↑ [Rypka 2001]
  10. ↑ [Safa 1982]
  11. ↑ Manuscript Istanbul University TY, No. 286, Folio 1b
  12. ↑ We still know the dialect in German: "Dem X sein Y."
  13. ↑ Text for [Karaismailoğlu 1988]
  14. ↑ Dariush Kargar: Jawāme ʿ al-Ḥekāyāt . In: Ehsan Yarshater (ed.): Encyclopædia Iranica . tape XIV / 6 . London / New York 2008, ISBN 0-7100-9099-4 , pp. 611–614 ( Updated version [accessed March 12, 2016]).
  15. ↑ The first verse of the Hafez Divan is the most prominent example of this: the first half-verse is Arabic, the second is Persian.
  16. ↑ [Safa 1982]
  17. ↑ [Karaismailoğlu 1988], see the illustration in the article.
  18. ^ [Huart / Massé 1960]
  19. ^ [Safa 1960]
  20. ↑ [Rypka 2001]
personal data
SURNAME Jabalī, ʿAbd al-Wāsiʿ
ALTERNATIVE NAMES امام بدیع الزمان عبد الواسع بن عبد الجامع غرجستانی جبلی (Persian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Persian poet and panegyric poet
DATE OF BIRTH 11th century or 12th century
DATE OF DEATH around 1160