β-lactamase inhibitors
β-Lactamase inhibitors have a similar chemical structure to β-lactam antibiotics , but - apart from sulbactam - have no antibacterial effect. They bind irreversibly to the enzyme β-lactamase , which is produced by some bacteria , and thereby prevent the inactivation of the β-lactam antibiotics . This increases the effectiveness of the β-lactam antibiotics.
β-lactamase inhibitors are mostly used in combination with β-lactam antibiotics. For example, the broad spectrum antibiotic Augmentan contains the β-lactam antibiotic amoxicillin and the β-lactamase inhibitor clavulanic acid , or tazobactam is sold in combination with piperacillin , as is sulbactam with ampicillin .
In February 2015, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the combination of the β-lactamase inhibitor avibactam with ceftazidime (trade name in the USA: Avycaz ; AstraZeneca ). For Europe the recommended CHMP of the European Medicines Agency in April 2016, the approval of this combination (proposed trade name in the EU: Zavicefta ). Approval can usually be expected afterwards.
A β-lactamase inhibitor, vaborbactam , which is still in clinical testing , is to be administered together with the β-lactam antibiotic meropenem . In April 2016, the combination received Fast Track Designation from the FDA , an accelerated drug approval process if a drug is recognized as having the potential to treat life-threatening diseases.
- β-lactamase inhibitors
Avibactam (2015)
Vaborbactam (2017)
Relebactam (2019)
source
- WR Heizmann, P. Heizmann: Vademecum Infektiologie 2007
Individual evidence
- ↑ FDA approves new antibacterial drug Avycaz , PM FDA dated February 25, 2015, accessed April 30, 2016
- ↑ Zavicefta: CHMP adopted a positive opinion Opinion EMA dated April 28, 2016, accessed April 30, 2016
- ↑ FDA Grants Fast Track Status for Investigational Antibiotic CARBAVANCE® (meropenem-vaborbactam) , PM The Medicines Company, April 11, 2016, accessed April 26, 2016