18XX series

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The term 18XX refers to a whole series of railroad economics simulations that have appeared as board games . The respective games try to simulate the origins of the respective railway networks more or less precisely on the national maps .

Publications of the different variants

Map section from 18FL

The 18XX series developed chronologically from the game 1829 developed by the Englishman Francis G. Tresham and published in 1974 by his publishing house Hartland Trefoil , which shows the origins of the railway in the south of England . 1981 then appeared in 1829 with a map of northern England and Scotland. 1829 is a building game that focuses on building and operating a railway network. The next game followed in 1986 by the US publisher Avalon Hill was the game 1830: Railroads & Robber Barons , which depicts the construction of the railroad in Northeast and Southeast America . 1830 is, although the railroad is the basic theme, above all a very hard economic and stock market simulation.

Tresham in 1989 published then the India version in 1853 , and in 1990 appeared in Germany in the Hans im Glück with 1835 a Germany variant that has not been developed by Tresham himself.

Gradually, various other variants followed by various game publishers, each simulating the construction of the national or regional rail network. The variety of the series is due, among other things, to the fact that players of different nationalities were encouraged by replaying the basic variants to also design a game for the railway history of their own country. Often these additional variants are only distributed by the respective authors themselves in very small editions and are therefore difficult or sometimes no longer available.

With the first two variants ( 1829 and 1830 ) of the series, the arc of suspense for the entire 18XX series was mapped out. All 18XX games can be roughly divided into games with a focus on construction activity (linear development of share prices depending on the entry results in 1829 ) or games with a focus on the stock market (stock trading and special functions on the stock market, the entry result continues to play an important role in 1830 ) subdivide.

Between these two extremes there is a multitude of 18xx variants, in whose play system a mixture of both has found its way.

With 18C2C a game was created that shows the complete USA map and with 34 lines, a board size of 1.70 mx 0.92 m and a playing time of approx. 11 hours pushes the gameplay to extremes.

Basic game play

Essentially, the various games have a similar gameplay, which, however, varies greatly in the individual games. The main features of the 18XX games are described here.

Game start and end

Each player receives an amount of money at the beginning, a certain amount of money initially remains in the bank. If a player goes bankrupt, he is eliminated or the game ends; usually the game ends when the bank's money runs out. The aim of the game is to have the most money in the end. For this purpose, the market values ​​of the shares that the players own are also added.

After the starting player and the seating order have been determined, a stock round and an operations round take place alternately. As the game progresses, the number of operation rounds is increased so that two or three operation rounds are carried out after each share round.

In the shares round, the players take actions, in the operations round, the railway companies. The one who has the most shares in a railway company becomes director and carries out the round of operations for the railway company.

The game can end when one of the following events occurs:

  1. A player cannot finance the purchase as part of an emergency purchase of a locomotive (for more on this, see Locomotive Operation) and thus goes bankrupt.
  2. A share reaches the highest available share price and cannot rise any further
  3. The bank is no longer able to pay out earnings or share proceeds to players or companies.

Depending on the variant played, the game usually ends after the current round of operations.

Share round

Starting with the starting player, each player in turn can buy a share from the bank at the issue price or from the bank pool at the current share price. In addition, several shares may be sold in the bank pool at the current share price. If a share of a company has been sold, the player may not buy any more shares of this railway company in this share round.

This happens until all players have not bought one after the other (e.g. with 1835 ) or all players have passed one after the other (e.g. with 1830 ). In the next round of shares, the new starting player will be who first did not buy or pass any shares in this sequence.

Every time a share is sold, the share price falls; if at the end of a share round of a company there are no shares in the bank or in the bank pool, the price rises. There may never be more than 50% of the shares in a company in the bank pool.

Private companies

At the beginning of the game, (smaller) private companies from the bank are auctioned off in a starting auction. In contrast to the stock corporations, they provide a constant income, but do not operate in the operating round. Depending on the variant, private companies are subject to certain rules that allow or exclude the purchase of private railways by joint stock companies. Depending on the variant, these private companies bring with them certain preferred shares of large companies or special features. These special features can be used by the owners (players or stock corporation) in the operational rounds.

Prussian railways / small railways

In some variants ( 1835 / 18EU / 1880 ) there are other companies that are converted or merged into large companies in the course of the game. These companies are represented by a 100% share in the hands of one player. The player leads the course in the same way as a large stock corporation, the results are usually distributed as a 50/50 distribution (50% for the director, 50% for the company).

Other runways / local railways

Analogous to the concept of the Prussian preliminary railways in 1835, there are also forerunner railways in 1844, which, however, in contrast to the model, can be traded on the stock market and are equipped with several share certificates.

In 1854 the concept of the Vorbahnen to local railways is expanded on a separate map. These preliminary railways merge with each other later in the game and from a certain phase onwards only act on the main map, the local route network is no longer developed.

Temporal course

After the private companies are sold, not all railway companies are immediately put up for sale. The shares of the various companies are only gradually being traded. This simulates the historical course of commissioning over time.

Commissioning of public companies

The first share of a stock corporation sold is the director's share. While shares usually represent 10% of the company's shares, the director's share usually corresponds to a 20% share. As soon as a minimum stake in a public company has been sold (often 50% or 60%), the company goes into operation and is funded with the money from the bank's share sales. The director takes over the administration of the company and then acts for it in the operational round. When the company starts operating, a home station is set up by placing a station marker on the game board in the home town of the stock corporation. When a company is put into operation, another stock corporation is usually offered for sale.

Change of director

If someone holds more shares in a company than the director in the course of the game, he receives the director's share and becomes the new director of the company.

Operation round

In every round of operations, the owners of the private railways receive their fixed income.

If available, the small railways / pre-Prussian companies act in a fixed order. The director decides what actions the company will take. The actions are the same as the public company actions, with the exception of the last two actions.

The joint-stock companies put into operation then act in the order of the stock prices. The director decides what the company does. The director may

  1. lay one or two pieces of track
  2. build a train station
  3. operate the existing locomotives
  4. Pour out or retain the run-in result
  5. Buy locomotives
  6. Buy or sell shares (not every variant)
  7. Repay bonds (not in every variant)

Some things cost money that are paid for out of the company's working capital; if there is not enough money available, the director can use his (private) capital to add the money that is missing for the purchase. A direct payment into the working capital is not possible.

Game phases

Depending on the variant, there are a different number of phases, whereby the basic idea has been retained. The basic course of the game of an operation phase is the same in all phases, with most variants the number of operation rounds differ between the share rounds depending on the respective game phase. A phase change is generally initiated by the availability or the acquisition of a new generation of locomotives. The phases are named either after the leading locomotive (the locomotive that initiates the phase change) or the color of the tiles (yellow, green, brown, gray). A phase change can affect the continued use of existing locomotives. (For example, using the first 4-train engine can remove the 2-train starting engines from the game).

Lay track parts

The game board shows a map that appears in a hexagonal representation. In some of the hexagons (hex fields) there are circles that represent (larger) cities. Railway stations can be built here. In other hexagons there are points that represent breakpoints (smaller cities).

At the beginning of the game, only simple tracks (yellow tiles) can be placed on the empty hexagons. At a certain point in the game, more complex tracks (green tiles) can replace the yellow tiles. Later on, even more complex tracks (brown tiles) can replace the green ones. In some variants, the brown tiles can be replaced (upgraded) with gray tiles as the last level.

Tracks on rivers or mountains are marked on the map and cost money to build on the hex, which is to be paid from the working capital. The placed tiles must be accessible from one of the train stations of the company that wants to place this tile. There are narrow or generous regulations. The narrow regulation stipulates that the operating company can drive on all new sections of the route without changing direction even if a tile is replaced. With the 1829 variants, there are also so-called construction trains, which prepare a track construction campaign.

The number of track parts that can be used per operation round differs from variant to variant. By default, a new piece of track can be laid per lap or an existing piece of track can be replaced by a piece of a different color (yellow with green, green with brown, brown with gray). The existing part may only be replaced if all existing connections are retained. Furthermore, it must not show a route over the edge of the map or into an area of ​​the border that does not show any part of the track.

A special feature of the train stations shown on the map is the so-called border train stations (off-board areas or off-board stations). These stations are subject to a progression (or degression) of the entry result to be achieved depending on the current phase of the game. An example is 1835 , there is the off-board area Alsace-Lorraine, which can only be approached in one phase, historically 1871-1918, and thus brings income to the approaching society. These off-board areas cannot be occupied with track parts.

Each game brings an overview of the existing track parts in the respective colors, and a table with the possible replacement tiles.

Build station

If there are free station markers (Pöppel) and a valid route, i.e. In other words, the free train station can be reached from another train station of his company, place a train station marker in the free train station and thus use the train station as a destination or departure station for his company.

Operate locomotives

Starting from a station, the company can now travel to a number of stations in an imaginary train according to the type and class of locomotive. The entry result results from the value of the train stations approached per locomotive. In one round of operations, different locomotives of one and the same company may not travel twice on any track section (except for stations and crossings).

Realize entry results

The entry results achieved by the locomotives can either be issued to the shareholders or saved at the discretion of the director. If the entry results are distributed as dividends, the share price can develop positively. Again, there is a variety of effects from variant to variant: Most of the time, a minimal dividend is enough for the share price to develop positively, but there are also variants in which larger slopes are possible, or variants in which the profit must be higher than the share price so that the course develops positively. Generally, if the company withholds the dividend, the price will fall. Nevertheless, it can make sense to save, for example to finance a new locomotive with the direct working capital gained.

Buy locomotives

Directors can buy locomotives from the bank in the order they appear. Buying a locomotive can cause a phase change and B. send old locomotives for scrapping, or allow other actions depending on the variant. A company is obliged to own a locomotive at the end of a round of operations (generally speaking, with some variants this obligation only applies if the company has a valid route). If there is not enough working capital for this, the director has to pay the missing sum. If this cannot do this, the player is bankrupt and is eliminated from the game.

Locomotive types

Historical information on the respective locomotives is shown on the maps, which show the locomotives in the respective variants. The main information, however, is the class and type of locomotive. The locomotive class indicates how many stations and / or stops or hex fields can be approached.

There are different types into which the locomotives can be roughly pre-classified:

  • Hex locomotives: A locomotive can travel the number of hex fields indicated on it.
  • Narrow gauge locomotives (2M / 2T): Locomotives that can only run on narrow gauge lines (1853). Number of stations that can be approached.
  • Standard locomotives (2): Locomotives that can approach a number of stations / stops printed on them. Here it depends on the respective rule of the variants, whether stopping points have to be included (e.g. in 1835) or are included in the entry result without counting against the station limit (e.g. 18EU).
  • Plus locomotives (2 + 2): Locomotives that can approach a number of stations (2) plus a number of stops (+2) printed on them.
  • Coal railways (1T / 1G): Locomotives that can travel to a special station (coal fields / mines) and one or more stations (e.g. 1837).
  • Express locomotives (6e): Locomotives that are able to travel to a number of stations on their route and skip others.
  • Diesel (D): Locomotives that are able to travel to an unlimited number of stations, provided that these stations are not blocked.

18XX variants

The 18XX variants differ within the general game mechanics in different details and rules. A completely new game concept is rarely used, but rather an adaptation and new composition of known details and rules in a different constellation.

  • Start auction: This can be carried out in various forms. The result can be relevant for the seating order ( 1898 , 1853 ), but does not have to be.
  • Private railways, small railways, stock corporations: in various numbers with or without special rights, various special rights that can influence the course of the game.
  • Working capital of joint stock companies at the start: full capital, half capital, flexible capital depending on the number of shares sold
  • Share types: valuation of shares, differentiation between new and used shares (the latter are shares that have already been sold by a player on the stock market).
  • Share price / starting price: permanent starting price; new shares are always issued at the same price, or only share price
  • Public companies as shareholders: Public companies can even set up subsidiaries
  • Locomotive types: see above.
  • Mergers: Small railways or public limited companies can be merged voluntarily or compulsorily.
Surname Year of publication theme author publication comment
1800 2002 USA, Colorado Antonio Leal "Rail Gamer" magazine No. 17 Two-person game, small card
1812 2011 England, North East Ian Wilson Deep Thought Games
1817 2012 Northeast United States Craig Bartell, Tim Flowers Deep Thought Games, LLC Northeastern United States, with a focus on financial transactions in the stock market
1822 2016 Great Britain Simon Cutforth All-Aboard Games Golden Elephant Award 2016
1824 2005 Austria-Hungary Helmut Ohley, Leonhard Orgler Helmut Ohley Revision of Orglers 1837
1825 Unit 1 1995 Great Britain, southern England Francis Tresham Hartland Trefoil ,
Tresham Games 		Revision from 1829 , various extensions available
1825 Unit 2 2000 UK, Midlands Francis Tresham Tresham Games standalone game
1825 Unit 3 2004 Great Britain, Scotland Francis Tresham Tresham Games standalone game
1826 2000 France / Belgium David DG Hecht Chris Lawson 2000,
Deep Thought Games 2004 		Economy game
1828 2003 German Customs Union Michael Brünker Michael Brünker similar to 1841
1829 1974 Great Britain, southern England Francis Tresham Hartland Trefoil Building game, the original , 6 expansions
1829 North 1981 Great Britain, Northern England and Scotland Francis Tresham Hartland Trefoil
1829 mainline 2005 Great Britain, England Francis Tresham Tresham Games
1830 1986 USA, northeast Francis Tresham , Bruce Shelley Avalon Hill 1986,
Mayfair Games 2011,
Lookout Games 2011,
999 Games 2011 		Economy game
1830 Coalfields 1995 USA, northeast Alan Moon "Games International" magazine No. 6,
"The Train Gamers Gazette" magazine Vol. 2, No. 2,
"Rail Gamer" magazine No. 7 		Coalfield variant from 1830
1830 Reading 1987 USA, northeast Alan Moon "The General" magazine Vol. 23, No. 6 ( Avalon Hill ),
"The Train Gamers Gazette" magazine Vol. 2, No. 4 		Reading variant from 1830
1830 Wabash 1999 USA, northeast Harry Wu “Rail Gamer” magazine No. 13 1830 variant with additional railway company Wabash Railroad
1830 bonds 1994 USA, northeast John Puddifoot "The Train Gamers Gazette" magazine Vol. 1, No. 3 Bonds variant from 1830
1830 Pere Marquette 1996 USA, northeast Federico Vellani "The Train Gamers Gazette" Vol. 3, No. 1 1830 - variant with additional railway company Pere Marquette
1830 Westpark variant 1999 USA, northeast Walter Sorger Westpark Gamers Variant from 1830
1830 France 2010 France Michael love dance Wolfram Janich, probably new edition from 1832 , 18FR Classic 1830 rules and setup transferred to a France map with stock corporations and private companies adapted
1831 1997 USA, northeast Carl Burger Carl Burger Variant from 1830
1832 2006 USA, southeast Bill Dixon Deep Thought Games
1832 1987 France Michael love dance Michael love dance Variant from 1830 ; Small edition, published in 1998 as 18FR for download
1833NE in planning USA, New England / Montreal Tom Lehmann GMT Games
1834 2018 Belgium & Luxembourg John Bohrer Winsome Games
1835 1990 Germany Michael Meier-Bachl Hans im Glück Verlag ,
Mayfair Games 		Building game
1835 Coalfields 2000 Germany Harry Wu "Rail Gamer" magazine No. 14 Coalfield variant from 1835 , building game
1835 Minor Variant 1994 Germany Gary Norton "The Train Gamers Gazette" Vol. 1, No. 2 Based on 1835
1837 1994 Austria-Hungary Leonhard Orgler Leonhard Orgler Building game with coal railways, runways and private companies
1838 2001 Germany, Rhineland Wolfram Janich Wolfram Janich Building game based on 1835
1838TL 2002 Germany, Thuringia Dieter Danziger Dieter Danziger The Thuringia Link or The Thuringia Connection
1839 1993 Netherlands Theo Jansma Based on 1830 , see 18NL
1839 1993 Netherlands Paul Stouthard, Rob van Wijngaarden Paul Stouthard, Rob van Wijngaarden Based on 1829
1841 1994 Italy, north Federico Vellani, Manlio Manzini Federico Vellani 1994 (as 1839 ),
Chris Lawson 1996,
Deep Thought Games 2006 		Extreme stock game
1842 1995 Germany, Hamburg / Schleswig-Holstein Wolfram Janich Wolfram Janich 1835 variant
1844 2004 Switzerland Helmut Ohley, Peter Minder Helmut Ohley Based on the 1835 system, uses new mechanisms in the locomotive progression as well as hex locomotives
1846 2005 USA, Indiana / Ohio Tom Lehmann Deep Thought Games
1847 1996 Germany, Palatinate Wolfram Janich Wolfram Janich, Based on the 1835 system
1847 AE 2015 Germany, Palatinate-Rheinhessen Wolfram Janich Wolfram Janich New edition and expansion of the forerunner in 1847
1848 Australia 2007 Australia Helmut Ohley, Leonhard Orgler Helmut Ohley based on the 1830 system
1849 1998 Italy, Sicily Federico Vellani Chris Lawson was first called 1850
1850 2006 USA, midwest Bill Dixon Deep Thought Games
1851 1998 USA, Kentucky / Tennessee Mark Derrick, Chris Lawson Chris Lawson 1851 is based on 18TN
1853 1989 India Francis Tresham Hartland Trefoil 1989,
Lookout Games 2009,
Mayfair Games 2009 		Building game
1854 2002 Austria Leonhard Orgler Leonhard Orgler 2002,
Deep Thought Games 2005 		Map of today's Austria
1856 1995 Canada Bill Dixon Mayfair Games
1857 2014 Argentina Eddie Robbins / John Bohrer John Bohrer, Winsome games based on 1830, requires game material from the original
1858 2011 Iberian Peninsula Ian D. Wilson Ian D. Wilson, web-published, 1858
1860 2005 Great Britain, Isle of Wight Mike Hutton JKLM Games
1861 2006 Russia Ian D. Wilson JKLM Games ,
Z-Man Games ,
Lookout Games 		German "The Railways of the Russian Empire"
1862 2000 USA / Canada Helmut Ohley Helmut Ohley
1862 Railway Mania in the Eastern Counties 2013 East England Mike Hutton Mike Hutton & Mike Roberts (LMN & B Ltd) via Kickstarter The east coast of England in the frenzy of new railways.
1865 2011 Sardinia Alessandro Lala Gotha Games
1869 The Golden Spike 1996 USA, west Colin Barnhorst,
Kristopher Marquardt 		C&K
1869 west 2000, 2014 (2nd Edition) USA west coast Alan R. Moon Wolfram Janich
1870 1995 United States, Mississippi Bill Dixon Mayfair Games
1873 2011 Germany, Harz Klaus Kiermeier Klaus Kiermeier, published on the web The focus is on route management and mine ownership, as well as the transport of mine products
1876 1996 Trinidad Peter Jacobi Chris Lawson As 1830 or 1835 variant
1879 2014 USA Northwest Eddie Robbins Winsome Games Game uses materials from the 1830 game, newly developed as a simple variant to introduce the 18xx game principle to new players
1880 2010 China Helmut Ohley, Leonhard Orgler Helmut Ohley, Leonhard Orgler The Middle Kingdom with influences from abroad
1881 - The Berlin tram game 1990 Germany Berlin Michael Mette Michael Mette Light rail vehicles
1883 2019 Italy, Modena, Reggio Emilia Manlio Manzini Aleph Games additionally a bus line, events and G-locomotives
1889 2004 Japan, Shikoku Yasutaka Ikeda Wild Heaven 2004,
Deep Thought Games 2005 		Based on 1830 , beginners game
1893 2014 Cologne Edwin Eckert Wolfram Janich
1895 2004 Namibia Adam Romoth, Helmut Ohley Helmut Ohley
1897 2002 Japan Tatsuya Kamioka Tatsuya Kamioka different sized cards
1898 1999 France Michael Brünker Michael Brünker Based on 1841 , not historical
1899 1996 China Ingo Meyer, Dirk Clemens Chris Lawson 1830 on map of China
18AL 2000 United States, Alabama Mark Derrick Mark Derrick 2000,
John David Galt 2002 		Based on 1830
18CZ 2017 Czech Republic Leonhard Orgler Fox in a box German / English and Czech version
18EC 2005 USA, southeast Han Heidema,
Auke Stegink 		Wolfram Janich was named in 1831 developed
18EU 2004 Europe David DG Hecht Deep Thought Games
18FR 1998 France Michael Liebetanz, Helmut Ohley Helmut Ohley revised version from 1832 (France)
18FL 2006 USA, Florida David DG Hecht Deep Thought Games
18GA 2002 USA, Georgia Mark Derrick John David Galt Based on 1870
18GL 2006 USA, Great Lakes Area Gary Mroczka Deep Thought Games
18MEX 2005 Mexico Mark Derrick Deep Thought Games
18Neb 2010 United States, Nebraska Matthew L. Campbell Deep Thought Games
18NL 1999 Netherlands Theo Jansma, Helmut Ohley Helmut Ohley Based on 1839 by Theo Jansma
18NL 2005 Netherlands Helmut Ohley, Wolfram Janich Wolfram Janich Based on 18NL by Jansma and Ohley
18OE - Orient Express 2013-2014 Europe Mark Frazier Mark Frazier, Designs in creative environments Europe as a whole, with a number of scenarios to control the playing time.
18Rhl - Rhineland 2007 Germany, Rhineland Wolfram Janich Wolfram Janich Revised version from 1838
18SA 2015 South America Peter Mette Wolfram Janich
18Scan 2005 Scandinavia David DG Hecht Deep Thought Games
18SX - Saxony
18SX - Saxony 		2003 Germany, Saxony Wolfram Janich Wolfram Janich was called at the beginning of 1837 - Saxony or 1837SX
18TE - railways in Tecklenburger Land 2019 Germany, Tecklenburger Land Herbert Harengel Print & Play Edition Easy entry-level 18xx for 2-3 players in German
18TN 2006 United States, Tennessee Mark Derrick Deep Thought Games 1851 is based on 18TN
18US 2006 United States David DG Hecht Deep Thought Games
18VA 2001 USA, Virginia David DG Hecht Deep Thought Games 2005,
Wolfram Janich
18West 2007 USA, west David DG Hecht Deep Thought Games
18C2C 2003 United States Mark Frazier Mark Frazier C2C: Coast to Coast
1830 Lummerland Lummerland Kay-Viktor Stegemann Small version with Jim button
2038 1995 Asteroid belt Tom Lehmann ,
Jim Hlavaty 		Prism Games,
TimJim Games 		Just like 18xx
Powerrails 1999 Tom Schoeps Tom Schoeps 11 different smaller cards
Steam Over Holland 2007 Netherlands Bart van Dijk Vendetta Games was called 18IR - On iron roads when it was developed
Ur, 1830 BC 2001 Mesopotamia Jeroen Doumen,
Joris Wiersinga 		Splotter Spellen Just like 18xx

Publications

  • In the US magazine "Train Gamers Gazette" between 1994 (Vol. 1) and 1998 (Vol. 5) different 18XX variants appeared.
  • The American magazine "Rail Gamer" published by David Metheny contained several 18XX variants. No. 1 to 15 appeared quarterly from 1997 to 2000. The last issues No. 16 and 17 were probably published in 2002.
  • Chris Lawson (Xris Lawson, XL Games) produced various 18XX variants from 1996 to 2001.
  • John David Galt has been producing 18AL and 18GA by Mark Derrick since 2002 .
  • John A. Tamplin has been producing 18XX variants since 2004, and since 2005 for the game-on-demand publisher “Deep Thought Games”, which he and his wife founded.
  • Wolfram Janich (Marflow Games) has been producing small editions of 18XX games since the mid-1990s
  • Helmut Ohley (Double-O Games) also produces various 18XX games.

See also

Game aids

There are various aids that have been developed by the 18xx community over the past few years to facilitate the complex gameplay.

  • 18xx moderator by Dirk Clemens: DOS-based administration program, basic version no longer updated. Can be used on Windows-based operating systems using the DOS emulator DosBox .
  • Rails : Open Source Java Program for Administration and Play By Email.
  • Vassal : different variants are supported with their own modules

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Rail Gamer Article Index ( Memento of April 8, 2005 in the Internet Archive )
  2. ↑ 1812 at Deep Thought Games
  3. ↑ 1822 on Board Game Geek (Engl.)
  4. ↑ 1824 by Helmut Ohley
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g Game kits from Chris Lawson
  6. ↑ 1826 at Deep Thought Games
  7. ↑ a b c d 1830 Variants at Blackwater Station
  8. ↑ a b Other Wise - Variants for 1830 ( Memento from September 26, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) from JC Lawrence
  9. ^ Bonds - Rules for Debt ( Memento of March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) by John Puddifoot
  10. ↑ 1830 Pere Marquette at JC Lawrence
  11. ↑ 1830 - Westpark variant at Westpark Gamers
  12. ↑ 1831 Game Review by Lou Jerkich ( Memento from March 9, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Winsome Games planned to publish in 1831 , but this did not materialize due to the death of Carl Burger in 1999.
  13. ↑ 1832 at Deep Thought Games
  14. ↑ 1832 France ( memento of November 14, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) with Dirk Clemens
  15. ↑ 1833NE at boardgamegeek.com (English)
  16. ↑ 1835 ( memento of March 10, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) at Hans im Glück Verlag
  17. ↑ 1835 : Start-Packet Variations and Other Variants ( Memento of April 13, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) from Lou Jerkich
  18. ↑ 1839 Netherlands ( Memento of November 14, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) with Dirk Clemens
  19. ↑ 1839 at Blackwater Station
  20. ↑ 1841 at Deep Thought Games
  21. ↑ 1844 at ohley.de
  22. ↑ 1846 at Deep Thought Games
  23. ↑ 1847
  24. ↑ 1848 at ohley.de
  25. ↑ 1850 at Deep Thought Games
  26. ↑ a b c Mark Derrick: 18xx information. In: home.chattanooga.net. Archived from the original on May 12, 2008 ; accessed on July 3, 2013 .
  27. ↑ 1853 at Lookout Games
  28. ↑ 1853 ( memento of July 2, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) at Mayfair Games
  29. ↑ 1854 at Deep Thought Games
  30. ↑ 1860: Railways in the Isle of Wight. In: www.jklmgames.co.uk. JKLM Games, archived from the original on February 27, 2010 ; accessed on July 3, 2013 .
  31. ↑ 1861 at Lookout Games
  32. ↑ 1862 at ohley.de
  33. ↑ 1862EA at kickstarter.com
  34. ↑ 1869
  35. ↑ 1873
  36. ↑ 1880 at Double-O Games
  37. ↑ 1881 with Michael Mette
  38. ↑ 1883
  39. ↑ 1889 at Deep Thought Games
  40. ↑ 1893
  41. ↑ 1895 at ohley.de
  42. ↑ 1897 at 1897.net
  43. ↑ a b c John David Galt: 18AL and 18GA Game Kits. In: www.diogenes.sacramento.ca.us. 2002, archived from the original on March 16, 2012 ; accessed on July 3, 2013 .
  44. ↑ 18CZ Versions. In: Board Game Geek. Retrieved December 18, 2017 .
  45. ↑ 18EU at Deep Thought Games
  46. ↑ 18FR at ohley.de
  47. ↑ 18FL at Deep Thought Games
  48. ↑ 18GL at Deep Thought Games
  49. ↑ 18MEX at Deep Thought Games
  50. ↑ 18Neb at Deep Thought Games
  51. ↑ 18NL at ohley.de
  52. ↑ 18OE at kickstarter.com
  53. ↑ 18Scan at Deep Thought Games
  54. ↑ 18TE at BoardGameGeek
  55. ↑ 18TN at Deep Thought Games
  56. ↑ 18US at Deep Thought Games
  57. ↑ 18VA at Deep Thought Games
  58. ↑ 18West at Deep Thought Games
  59. ↑ 18C2C on Designs In Creative Entertainment
  60. ↑ 1830 Lummerland ( memento of November 14, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) from Dirk Clemens
  61. ^ Steam Over Holland at Vendetta Games
  62. ↑ Ur, 1830 BC ( Memento from January 18, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) at Splotter Spellen
  63. ↑ The Train Gamers Gazette
  64. ^ Rail Gamer Magazine ( Memento from June 11, 2005 in the Internet Archive )
  65. ^ Deep Thought Games
  66. ↑ Helmut Ohley
  67. ↑ Rails