Amos (satellite)
Amos ( Hebrew עמוס) is the name of an Israeli satellite bus and a series of geostationary Israeli communications satellites , some of which are based on the Amos bus. The satellites are operated by Spacecom . The Amos bus and the Amos 1 to 4 and Amos 6 satellites built on it were manufactured by Israel Aerospace Industries .
“Amos” is an abbreviation for Affordable Modular Optimized Satellite ( Affordable Modular Optimized Satellite). At the same time it is reminiscent of the name of the prophet Amos , who lived in the 8th century BC. In the northern kingdom of Israel .
Spacecom
Spacecom was founded in 1993 with the aim of marketing a newly built Israeli communications satellite. By 2005, Spacecom was controlled by four owners, including Israel Aerospace Industries and the Israeli investment holding Eurocom Group. In 2005 Spacecom went public in Tel Aviv . The head office is in Ramat Gan .
With the Amos satellites, Spacecom offers the transmission of direct-to-home radio, broadband telephony and satellite Internet .
Satellites
Amos 1
Begin: | May 16, 1996 | COSPAR designation : | 1996-030B | |
Launcher: | Ariane 4 4L V86 | Starting place: | ELA-2 , Guyana Space Center | |
Takeoff weight : | 961 kg | Position: | 4 ° west | |
Planned service life : | 12 years | Whereabouts: | From 2009 onwards as Intelsat 24 |
Amos 1 was the first Israeli communications satellite. Based on the Ofeq reconnaissance satellites , it was developed in collaboration with DASA and Alcatel Espace . The launch took place on May 16, 1996 from Center Spatial Guyanais in French Guiana . There were 7 Ku-band transponders (plus two in reserve) for Eurasian communication services on the satellite. In 2009 it was sold to Intelsat SA, which continues to operate it under the name Intelsat 24 .
Amos 2
Begin: | December 27, 2003 | COSPAR designation: | 2003-059A | |
Launcher: | Soyuz-FG / Fregat | Starting place: | Baikonur Cosmodrome | |
Takeoff weight: | 1370 kg | Position: | 4 ° west | |
Planned service life: | 13 years | Whereabouts: | Deactivated April 2, 2017 |
Amos 2 will be close to its predecessor AMOS 1, so that both can share a single space position and can be reached with the same orientation of the receiving system. On the satellite there were 22 Ku-band transponders (plus six in reserve) for communication services. It is used to transmit television and radio signals for the Middle East, Europe and over an Atlantic bridge to the eastern USA. Amos 2 can not only serve more transponders, but with 76 watts they are also more powerful than the 33 watts per transponder in Amos 1. This enabled the European coverage to be expanded considerably, to the Ural Mountains in the east, London in the west and the Balkans in the south and better coverage of the Gulf States.
It was deactivated on April 2, 2017 and moved into a cemetery orbit .
Amos 3
Begin: | April 28, 2008 | COSPAR designation: | 2008-022A | |
Launcher: | Zenit-3SLB | Starting place: | Baikonur Cosmodrome | |
Takeoff weight: | 1250 kg | Position: | 4 ° west | |
Planned service life: | 18 years | Whereabouts: | (in operation) |
Amos 3 is based on Amos 2 and has been equipped with improved electronics. It replaces the Amos 1 satellite and has 24 Ku-band and 3 Ka-band transponders.
Amos 4
Begin: | August 31, 2013 | COSPAR designation: | 2013-045A | |
Launcher: | Zenit-3SLB | Starting place: | Baikonur Cosmodrome | |
Takeoff weight: | 4250 kg | Position: | 65 ° East | |
Planned service life: | 12 years | Whereabouts: | (in operation) |
With Amos 4, which is located in the orbital area 65 ° East, Spacecom is expanding its range considerably. With the constellation of Amos 2 and 3 on position 4 ° West and Amos 4, Spacecom reaches almost 80% of the world's population. The satellite was built by Israel Aerospace Industries and the Thales Group . It is supposed to supply India, the Near and Middle East and Russia, but can also cover China, Eastern Europe and South Africa if required. It is equipped with 4 Ku- and 8 Ka-band transponders as well as 10 antennas and is designed for a service life of 12 years.
Amos 5
Begin: | December 11, 2011 | COSPAR designation: | 2011-074A | |
Launcher: | Proton-M | Starting place: | Baikonur Cosmodrome | |
Takeoff weight: | 1972 kg | Position: | 17 ° East | |
Planned service life: | 15 years | Whereabouts: | Communication broken in November 2015 |
Amos 5 has 18 C-band transponders and 16 Ku-band transponders. Unlike the previous satellites, Amos 5 was built by the Russian manufacturer ISS Reshetnev . The satellite is based on the Express 1000H bus system and cost US $ 157 million. Communication to Amos 5 was broken on November 21, 2015 for unknown reasons. In mid-December 2015, the satellite was classified as a total loss as all attempts to revive Amos 5 failed.
Amos 6
The launch of the communications satellite Amos 6 was planned for September 3, 2016 on a Falcon 9 rocket from the US private launch company SpaceX . The satellite was supposed to replace Amos 2 at the 4 ° W position. The plan was for Amos 6 to be the first satellite within the framework of the Internet.org initiative, the aim of which is to provide users in Africa - especially south of the Sahara - with wireless Internet access. For this purpose, the 5250 kg satellite was equipped with 39 Ku-band transponders, 24 Ka-band point beams and 2 S-band transponders. Its planned lifespan was planned for 16 years.
On September 1, 2016, the Falcon 9 exploded on the launch pad during preparations for a test run of the engines, which is routinely carried out before each take-off. The payload, the Israeli communications satellite Amos 6, was already mounted on the rocket and was destroyed in the explosion.
Amos 7
Begin: | August 5, 2014, 08:00 UTC | COSPAR designation: | 2014-046A | |
Takeoff weight: | 4535 kg | Position: | 4 ° East | |
Planned service life: | 4 years | Whereabouts: | (in operation) |
Amos 7 went into operation on February 27, 2017. Instead of Amos 6, it replaces the 13-year-old Amos 2. Amos 7 is not a new satellite, but the recycled AsiaSat 8 , which Spacecom is leasing for four years.
Amos 8
Amos 8 is a planned satellite to replace Amos 7. With 39 Ku-band -, 24 Ka-band - and two S-band - transponders it resembles Amos 6. The start is for 2022 provided.
Amos 17th
Begin: | August 6, 2019, 23:23 UTC | COSPAR designation: | 2019-050A | |
Launcher: | Falcon 9 v1.2 | Starting place: | Cape Canaveral Space Launch Complex 40 | |
Takeoff weight: | approx. 6500 kg | Position: | 17 ° East | |
Planned service life: | 19 years | Whereabouts: | (in operation) |
Amos 17 was launched on August 7, 2019 ( CEST ) with a Falcon 9 . The start was free of charge for the operator to compensate for the false start of Amos 6. The satellite supplies from the position 17 ° East from Africa, the Middle East and Europe and has a planned service life of 20 years.
Web links
- Operator side to Amos satellite series (English)
- Gunter's Space Page (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ IAI: AMOS Bus on Gunter's Space Page, accessed on August 19, 2019.
- ↑ AMOS 2 on Gunter's Space Page, accessed on August 19, 2019.
- ↑ Amos 4 satellite launched into space. Ynetnews, August 31, 2013, accessed September 2, 2013 .
- ↑ Spacecom ... Set To Say "Safe Flight" To AMOS-4 (Satellite). Satnews, September 10, 2012, accessed on September 11, 2012 .
- ↑ Launch Campaign of the Proton Rocket for Loutch-5A and Amos-5 Begins at Baikonur. Roscosmos, May 24, 2011, accessed September 17, 2011 .
- ^ Israel's Amos-5 high-capacity satellite to be built in Krasnoyarsk Region. Marchmont, accessed December 12, 2011 .
- ↑ Aviel Magnezi: Amos 5 satellite launched into space. December 11, 2011, accessed May 7, 2013 .
- ↑ Exploded rocket destroys Zuckerberg's Facebook dreams In: Israelnetz.de , September 2, 2016, accessed on September 28, 2018.
- ↑ Gunter Krebs: AMOS 6. In: Gunter's Space Page. January 13, 2016, accessed January 30, 2016 .
- ^ Russell Brandom: Today's SpaceX explosion is a major setback for Facebook's free internet ambitions. theverge.com, September 1, 2016, accessed September 1, 2016 .
- ↑ Russell Brandom: Mark Zuckerberg says he's 'deeply disappointed' in satellite explosion. theverge.com, September 1, 2016, accessed September 1, 2016 .
- ↑ Lauren Grush: SpaceX's Falcon 9 explodes on Florida launch pad during rocket test. theverge.com, September 1, 2016, accessed September 1, 2016 .
- ↑ SpaceX - Static Fire Anomaly - AMOS-6 - 09-01-2016. Retrieved October 25, 2016 .
- ↑ SpaceX: Falcon 9 rocket and Amos 6 satellite destroyed in explosion on Cape Canaveral. Retrieved October 25, 2016 .
- ↑ Statement on this morning's anomaly. Retrieved October 25, 2016 .
- ↑ Amos 7 in operation In: Israelnetz.de , February 28, 2017, accessed on September 28, 2018.
- ↑ AMOS 8. Accessed August 6, 2019 .
- ↑ Amos Spacecom: AMOS-17. Retrieved August 7, 2020 (English).
- ↑ SpaceX Falcon 9 Launching Reused Carrying Israeli Communications Satellite. In: Florida Insider. August 6, 2019, accessed August 6, 2019 .