Abdulla Avloniy

Abdulla Avloniy (in Cyrillic Абдулла Авлоний; Russian Абдулла Авлони Abdulla Awloni ; also Abdullah Avlaniy ; * 1874 ; † 1934 ) was an Uzbek Djadidist writer from Tashkent .

Life

Avloniy came from the city of Tashkent, where his father, a weaver, owned a house. In his youth, Avloniy learned a maktab and madrasa . At the age of 14 he began to read Ismail Gaspirali's sheet Tercuman , which had a strong influence on him, and at the age of 16 he wrote his first own poetic works. From 1908 he published several short-lived newspapers, wrote some textbooks (including one on the history of the prophets ) and volumes of poetry, organized a reading room in Tashkent in 1912 and founded a school of new methods in his father's house . In 1914 he opened a bookstore in the Russian part of Tashkent, and in 1916 he founded the first regular theater company in Turkestan . He also worked as an actor and theater director, had friendly relations with Hamza Hakimzoda Niyoziy and was one of Munavvar Qori's closest companions .

In August 1917 he took part as a delegate of Turkestan at the Russian Congress of Islamic Teachers in Kazan and was elected to the presidium there. In addition, Avloniy, who was openly pro-Soviet at the time, led the Tashkent Soviet of Muslim Workers and the Turan Society, which he founded in 1913, which focused on drama and education. In 1919 he took part in a diplomatic mission to Afghanistan with Muhammadsharif So'fizoda .

plant

Avloniy’s works include, on the one hand, plays and, on the other hand, poetic works specifically geared towards music. Many of his pre-revolutionary works were never published or only published posthumously.

Biz va Siz (“We and you”) is described as a modern “ Lailā and Majnūn piece ”. It is unclear whether this play was ever performed before it was first published in 1979. It has come down to us on the basis of a manuscript dated “1923”; it seems to have been written after the October Revolution .

Pinak ("Schlummer"; written 1915) is one of only four surviving pre-revolutionary Kulgi pieces (literary genre that combines traditional comedy and folk drama with European elements and went out of fashion again in the 1930s). The piece depicts the opium problem of this time and ends with a defeat for opium smokers, who are fooled and taught by players. Another Kulgi piece is Avloniys Advokatlik osonmi? (“Isn't being a lawyer easy?”; 1914), in which a lawyer trained in Europe fled in the face of traditional structures.

literature

• Edward Allworth: Uzbek Literary Politics . Mouton & Co., The Hague 1964
• Adeeb Khalid : The Politics of Muslim Cultural Reform. Jadidism in Central Asia . University of California Press; Berkeley, Los Angeles, London 1998. ISBN 0-520-21356-4
• Sigrid Kleinmichel: A departure from oriental poetry traditions. Studies of Uzbek drama and prose between 1910 and 1934 . Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest 1993. ISBN 963-05-6316-9