Abraham Isaac Kook
Abraham Isaak Kook ( Cuck ) ( Hebrew הרב אברהם יצחק הכהן קוק, HaRav Avraham Yitzchak HaCohen Kook , also known by the acronym HaRaIyaH; * September 8, 1865 in Grīva , today a district of Daugavpils , Russian Empire; † September 1, 1935 in Jerusalem , Mandate Palestine ) was an Orthodox Jewish scholar, Ashkenazi Grand Rabbi for Palestine and is considered one of the spiritual fathers of modern religious Zionism .
Life
Abraham Isaak Kook studied Torah , Talmud and Kabbalah in Ludsen , Dünaburg and at the famous yeshiva of Waloschyn (today in Belarus ). From 1888 to 1904 he was rabbi in Žeimelis , from 1895 to 1904 he was rabbi in the neighboring town of Bauska . In 1904 he immigrated to Palestine as part of the second Aliyah , and on May 13th he arrived in Jaffa . As Chief Rabbi of Jaffa and the surrounding area, Abraham Isaak Kook settled in Neve Tzedek (נווה צדק), a settlement in the southwest of what is now Tel Aviv. In 1919 he became Chief Rabbi of Jerusalem.
Abraham Isaak Kook was the first Ashkenazi Grand Rabbi for Palestine since 1921 , a rank that was later taken over by the Grand Rabbis of Israel. As such, he founded the Association of the Grand Rabbinates of Israel, the Rabbanut , and Israel's National Rabbinical Courts ( Av Bet Din ), which work with the Israeli government and deal with legal matters such as marriage, divorce, conversion and education.
He arranged political alliances between secular Zionists and followers of religious Zionism. According to his theological system, he saw the youthful, secular, and even anti-religious socialist pioneers, the Chalutzim , as part of a great divine plan by which the people of Israel would be redeemed from their two thousand year old diaspora (Hebrew Galut ).
His empathy for secular Jews aroused the suspicion of his Charedic opponents, some of whom belonged to the old rabbinical establishment that had existed since the time of Turkish control of Palestine. Its head, Rabbi Joseph Chaim Sonnenfeld , was Rabbi Kook's greatest rabbinical rival.
Rabbi Kook is the author of a wide range of topics of works on Jewish thought and mysticism. However, his work has the peculiarity that he wrote relatively short, mostly unrelated, diary-like text units, which were then thematically arranged and edited by the editors. It is therefore difficult to distinguish between the teachings of Kook and those of his school.
He founded one of the most respected religious schools in Israel, the Yeshiva Merkas HaRaw Kook in Jerusalem. Together with his son Zwi Jehuda Kook , Abraham Isaak Kook is considered the spiritual father of the messianic settler movement Gush Emunim .
He was Hillel Kook's uncle .
Fonts
- Abraham Isaak HaCohen Kook: The Lights of the Torah. = Ôrôt hat-tôrā (= Jewish sources , vol. 4). Edited by Christoph Schulte and Eveline Goodman-Thau . Hebrew-German. Translated and annotated by Timotheus Arndt. With an afterword by Joseph Dan. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-05-002515-8 .
literature
- John F. Oppenheimer (Red.) And a .: Lexicon of Judaism. 2nd Edition. Bertelsmann Lexikon Verlag, Gütersloh u. a. 1971, ISBN 3-570-05964-2 , col. 390.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Art. Abraham Isaac Kuk . In: Grigorijs Smirins: Outstanding Jewish personalities in Latvia . Nacionālais Apgāds, Riga 2003, ISBN 9984-26-114-X , p. 15.
- ↑ Mordecai Naor: Eretz Israel. The 20th century. Könemann, Cologne 1998, ISBN 3-89508-594-4 , p. 26.
- ^ Karl Erich Grözinger : Jewish thinking: theology - philosophy - mysticism . Volume 4: Zionism and the Shoah . Campus, Frankfurt / New York 2015, p. 321.
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Kook, Abraham Isaac |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | HaRav Avraham Yitzchak HaCohen Kook, HaRaIyaH |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Jewish mystic, great rabbi |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 8, 1865 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Daugavpils |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 1, 1935 |
| Place of death | Jerusalem |