Abraham Mozes Reens

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Abraham Mozes Reens , called Bram Reens (born September 16, 1870 in Hoorn , † September 6, 1930 in Amsterdam ), was a Dutch magazine publisher, organizer, author and propagandist for revolutionary socialism and anarchism in the Netherlands .

Life

Abraham M. Reens came to Amsterdam at the age of 16 and did an apprenticeship as a diamond processor or diamond splitter ( diamantsplijter ). Around 1890 he became a member of the Sociaal-Democratische Bond ("Social Democratic League", also: "Social Democratic Party", SDB). The SDB was a revolutionary-socialist party which was banned in 1893 and changed its name to Socialistenbond . After 1893 the party introduced an anti-parliamentary and anarchist course under the direction of FD Nieuwenhuis .

Reens was one of the people who represented Jewish socialist and anarchist ideas, they were generally given the name rode Dominee ("red pastor").

In 1892 he founded a "propaganda club" with W. Speelman called 't Centrum (roughly: "The Center"). They mainly spread socialist ideas among the Jewish proletariat in Amsterdam , who were still very loyal to the government . The propaganda club aimed to provoke the church authorities. The provocative approach was more direct than the working methods of the Jewish socialists Henri Polak (1868–1943), Adolf Samson de Levita (1868–1934) and Joseph Loopuit (1864–1923). H. Polak, union leader and social democratic politician, wanted the diamond cutters to develop into class-conscious socialists with an interest in art and science. AS de Levita was a member of the SDB, co-founder of the Dutch department of Poale Zion , a Marxist - Zionist movement. J. Loopuit went from a radical liberal to a Marxist in the late 1880s. He rejected revolutionary violence. In 1915 he sided with the "liberal socialists".

Reens opened a café in Amsterdam and in 1893 published the magazine Ons Blad (literally: "Our sheet", meaning: "Our magazine"), a socialist organ for the Israelites ("socialist orgaan voor de Israelieten"). The allusions ( scolders ) published in the magazine to the Christian royal house and the Orthodox Jews were reason enough for Rabbi HJ Dünner to condemn the socialists. This was the reason for Simon Reens, a nephew of AM Reens, to start a group, the Bond van Oranje . This club tried with a group of thugs ( knokploeg ) to prevent the spread of the magazine Ons Blad in the Jodenbuurt .

In 1894, Reens founded the anti-burdeningvereniging (" anti-tax association") with her own magazine Opstand ("uprising"). Conflicts arose within the SDB between the revolutionary and the parliamentary-minded supporters, with the socialist Jews showing less interest in the Propagandaclub 't Centrum . Reens, a supporter of FD Nieuwenhuis, resigned from the Socialistenbond party (successor to “Sociaal-Demokratischer Bond”, SDB) and stayed in London from 1898 to 1899. At that time he was working as a correspondent for De Vrije Socialist magazine . After Reens returned to the Netherlands, he reopened a café. He was also chairman of the organization Gemeenschappelijk Grondbezit (GGB) until 1903 . The GGB wanted everyone to have the opportunity to set up a cooperative . The author Salvador Bloemgarten called Reens "a forgotten rebel".

Together with P. Boorsma he founded an association to financially support FD Nieuwenhuis. Reens also published under the pseudonym Otto van Meurs .

Abraham Mozes Reens was married to Geertje Feenstra since 1894.

Publications (selection)

  • Ik beweer ....: (de levenservaring van een rebel). Uitgeverij Ehrenfeldt, 1915
  • Ghetto Ghijntjes . Uitgeverij Boon, 1905
  • 'n Nieuwe kruissprook . Amsterdam 1902

further reading

  • Salvador Bloemgarten: Abraham Mozes Reens: een vergeten rebel . In: Levend Joods Geloof , August 1975, pp. 29-30
  • S. Bloemgarten: De vlegeljaren van de amsterdamse joodse socialisten: 1890-1894. In: 78e Jaarboek van het Genootschap Amstelodamum, 1986. pp. 135 to 176

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Salvador Bloemgarten: Reens, Abraham Mozes . In: Biographical Woordenboek van het Socialismus en de Arbeidersbewegung in Nederland (BWSA). Originally published in BWSA 3, 1998. pp. 173-175. Dutch, accessed May 17, 2013
  2. ↑ Ger Hermsen: Portret FD Nieuwenhuis. In: Biographical Woordenboek van het Socialisme en den Arbeidersbewegung in Nederland . BWSA 6, 1995. pp. 157 to 163
  3. ↑ In the province of Friesland, for example, there were seventeen “socialist pastors” around 1932, fourteen of whom were members of the Sociaal-Demokratische Arbeiderspartij (“Social Democratic Workers' Party”; SDAP). The “red pastors” did a lot to bridge the differences between the Jewish milieu, the labor movement and anarchism. see. Paul Denekamp, ​​Herman Noordegraaf: De geschiedenis van 'rooie dominees' in Nederland ( The story of the 'red pastors' in the Netherlands ). In the magazine onvoltooid verleden , No. 16, 2002 . Dutch, accessed May 19, 2013
  4. ^ Salvador Bloemgarten. In BWSA 2, 1987. pp. 107 to 112
  5. ^ Salvador Bloemgarten: Portret AS de Levita. In: BWSA 4, 1990. pp. 126 to 128
  6. ^ Salvador Bloemgarten: Portret J. Loopuit. In BWSA 4, 1990. pp. 133 to 136
  7. ^ Sociaal-Democratische Bond (SDB) . More information about the SDS. Dutch, accessed May 17, 2013
  8. ↑ Archief Vereniging Gemeenschappelijk Grondbezit . Archive of the GGB. In the IISG . Dutch, accessed May 17, 2013
  9. ↑ See on this: S. Bloemgarten: Abraham Mozes Reens: een vergeten rebel . In: Levend Joods Geloof . Pp. 29-30
personal data
SURNAME Reens, Abraham Mozes
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Reens, Bram; Meurs, Otto van (pseudonym)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch magazine editor, organizer, author and propagandist for revolutionary socialism and anarchism in the Netherlands
DATE OF BIRTH September 16, 1870
PLACE OF BIRTH Hoorn
DATE OF DEATH September 6, 1930
Place of death Amsterdam