De Vrije Socialist

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De Vrije Socialist ( The Free Socialist ) was a Dutch anarchist magazine founded by Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis in 1898 and published intermittently until 1963. After 1963 it was published under the title De Vrije with changing titles until the 1990s.

De Vrije Socialist / De Vrije
De Vrije.png
description anarchist magazine
Area of ​​Expertise Anarchism , socialism
language Dutch
First edition 1898 (with interruption in 1940)
attitude 1993
Sold edition an average of 3000 copies
editor Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis ; Gerhard Rijnders

history

With the publication of the magazine De Vrije Socialist , FD Nieuwenhuis made his transition from socialist to anarchist clear. The magazine, published twice a week, was intended to highlight the difference between the Sociaal Demokratischen Arbeiderpartij (SDAP), founded in 1894, and anarchism in the Netherlands . Nieuwenhuis was of the opinion that the SDAP by no means had the sole right to the term socialism. The editing and publication of the magazine took place before the death of Nieuwenhuis in 1919 under the responsibility of Gerhard Rijnders (1876–1950) until his death in 1950.

Due to internal differences of opinion, two employees of the magazine, Henk Eikeborn and Anton Bakels, took over the publication for a short time in 1923. An independent committee of inquiry had shown that Rijnders had operated an uncontrollable newspaper administration. Rijnders himself did not agree with the results of the investigation and continued to publish the paper as a personal company. After 1925, the weekly magazine De Arbeider, published in Groningen, took over the supraregional function of De Vrije Socialist . With the support of anarchists from different cities, Rotterdam, Amsterdam and The Hague, Rijnders was able to continue running the magazine until it was forcibly discontinued in 1940. In 1948 a German-language edition was published with the title Der Freie Sozialist , subtitle: Organ of the Cultural Federation of Free Socialists and Antimilitarists. German edition of De Vrije Socialist . The publisher was Carl Langer in Hamburg. The leading articles were written by Langer himself, all other articles came from the Dutch magazine De Vrije Socialist . After the Second World War, Rijnders continued to publish the magazine as a weekly newspaper until 1950. After Rijnder's survival, various anarchist groups continued to edit the publication with changing members.

The editors believed that an anarchist weekly should be edited by an organization and not on a decentralized basis. Until the beginning of the 1960s, the magazine appeared under the title De Vrije Socialist , until 1963 the publication was published as a monthly by a Rotterdam group under the name De Vrije . The two press media De Vrije and Recht voor Allen merged in 1963, with the title being changed back to De Vrije Socialist . The editorial team moved from Utrecht to Groningen and then to Haarlem. De Vrije Socialist became a current monthly with contemporary content: squatting, anti-militarism, anti-nuclear power and total denial of the state. Roel van Duijn was co-editor at the time . As a peace activist, he organized sit-ins against the atomic bomb in 1960 . During this time he became acquainted with anarchism and became editor of De Vrije . In Haarlem the title was again changed to De Vrije . At the end of the 1980s, the new social movements in the Netherlands didn’t expect much activity and the magazine, still critical and compared to the weekly Vrij Nederland , received a grant of 50,000 guilders from the “Bedrijfsfonds voor de Pers” . Since the circulation could not be increased, it remained under 5000 copies and the liberal and anarchist level of content of the past was not reached, the end of the magazine was sealed in the early 1990s.

See also

Authors, editors, employees

Andre Bons, M. Bakker, Wim de Lobel, Pieter Adrianus Kooijman , Hans Ramaer, Jan Bervoets, FD Nieuwenhuis, Marta Vooren, Uwe Timm , G. Rijnders, P. Gasus, Jv Hoff, L. Keereweer, EB Koster, Christiaan Cornelissen , Johan de Haas , Abraham Mozes Reens (authors from 1898 to early 1990, often under a pseudonym) and many others.

Online journal

Since 2004, the successor to De Vrije Socialist , has been an online magazine in Dutch with the title De Vrije , subtitled Anarchist Multimedium .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ On the influence of FD Nieuwenhuis and De Vrije Socialist in the Dutch anarchist movement; Dutch. Retrieved May 21, 2009
  2. ^ Portrait of G. Rijnders in the International Institute for Social History ; Dutch. Retrieved May 21, 2009
  3. ^ De Vrije Socialist and De Vrije in the archive of the University of Amsterdam (Universiteit van Amsterdam). No. UBM: Kr. 2336; UB magazine; and: OTM, Map KP 6-3, UB Bijzondere Collectie-OTM
  4. ↑ Archief PA Kooijman . In the IISG (Amsterdam). Magazine extracts from Kooijman in De Vrije
  5. ↑ Conversation with Piet de Geus van De Vrije . First published in “NN” ( Nomen Nescio , later Ravage ) No. 112 of June 11, 1992. Dutch, accessed on December 3, 2012. Piet de Geus (quotation): “De Vrije was in '81 nog een Gronings kraakblaadje, vanuit Utrecht he got anti-militarist bijdragen. He was owed 5,000 guilders in a subscription inventory that grotendeels uit wanbetalers bestond. Vanaf die tijd zijn we gaan bouwen met een bepaalde groep, we hebben onszelf ontwikkeld en dat blad is mee ontwikkeld. "(" De Vrije was still a Groningen squatter newspaper in 1981, anti-militarist contributions came from Utrecht. There was a debt of 5000 guilders and one Subscription list consisting mostly of defaulting payers. Since then we have worked [on the magazine] with a certain group. We developed ourselves and the paper with us. ")