Pieter Adrianus Kooijman

Pieter Adrianus Kooijman , nickname "Piet" (born February 25, 1891 in Rotterdam , † January 17, 1975 in The Hague ), was a Dutch author, political activist and anarchist . Kooijman also published under the pseudonyms "Weetgraag", "MO" and "Observator".

Life

Pieter A. Kooijman grew up in a middle class family . He attended the trade school ( Ambachtsschool ) and worked in Rotterdam, Amsterdam and The Hague as a locksmith and chauffeur.

Kooijman first became a member of the Sociaal Democratischen Arbeiders Partij (SDAP; predecessor of the Partij van de Arbeid ) but decided in 1918 for the Communist Partij Nederland (CPN). Two years later he resigned from the CPN. His criticism of political parties, trade unions and his propaganda for factory strikes were the reason for his resignation. Together with Leen van der Linde, he formed the group of social anarchists in The Hague ("Sociaal-anarchists"). The cooperation with the regional federation of social anarchists was short-lived and he got in touch with the Sociaal Anarchistische Jeugdorganisatie (literally: "Social-Anarchist Youth Organization" (SAJO)), to which Anton Levien Constandse also belonged.

Within the Dutch anarchist movement , an anti- syndicalist current emerged in 1931 which produced a rural association of alarm groups (relating to the Dutch magazine "Alarm"), to which Kooijman also belonged. At that time and later he called himself “revolutionary” and “alarmist”. He has published in Opstand , Recht voor Allen , Alarm , De Vrije Socialist and others. His position as an "alarmist" was introduced by Roel van Duijn as a philosophy in the Provo movement .

Kooijman's theory of the proletariat changed in the 1930s. He contrasted the historical materialism ("historical materialism") of Karl Marx with his conception of the materialistic - determinism . According to his theory, the socialist , fascist and capitalist states maintained their power by artificially creating a shortage of consumer goods in times of economic crisis . Unemployed people should have the right to “free consumption ” (“vrije consumptie”). For the unemployed who have been expelled from the production process, the watchword should be take and eat (“neem en eet”).

Kooijman himself was unemployed for a long time and together with like-minded unemployed people he demonstratively practiced his opinion in restaurants and shops: take and eat without paying.

At the end of 1921, Kooijman, together with Johan de Haas, bombed the apartment of Major Verspyck, a member of the war council, who was jointly responsible for the verdict against conscientious objector Herman Groenendaal.

Kooijman was sentenced to six years in prison. De Haas was acquitted. Kooijman went on a hunger strike against the strict prison regime. After his release he became politically active again.

Pieter Adrianus Kooijman was married and had three children.

Works

• Neem en eet: Bomaanslag en opruiing als sociale filosofie . Uitgeverij LJC Boucher, 1967 "Neem en eet: Bomaanslag en opruiing als sociale filosofie". Brief information on Google Books.
• Heden, verleden en toekomst in zakformaat: over soort en soortgenooten . Uitgeverij De Alarmisten, 1936.

further reading

• L. Hornstra: PA Kooijman 75 años . In: Vrij Nederland of April 30, 1966.
• L. Hornstra: PA Kooijman - Neem en eet . Pp. 5-28. The Hague 1967. And: Het Vrije Volk . In: Nieuwe Rotterdamsche Courant of February 20, 1971.
• AL Constandse: Piet Kooymans strijd tegen het verraad van de arbeiders. Bij de dood van een anarchist . In: Vrij Nederland of January 25, 1975.
• AL Constandse: De Alarmisten 1918–1933 . Amsterdam 1975.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Author: Hans Ramaer. Portret PA Kooijman . First published in: Biografisch Woordenboek van het Socialisme en de Arbeidersbewegung in Nederland (BWSA) 1988. pp. 104 to 106. Last change on August 26, 2002. In the IISG (Amsterdam)
2. ↑ Archief PA Kooijman . In the IISG (Amsterdam). "Vormde met Leen van der Linde de groep Sociaal-Anarchisten Den Haag"
3. ↑ See on this: L. Hornstra: PA Kooijman - Neem en eet . The Hague 1967. pp. 5 to 28
4. ↑ Brief information on Google Books . Page 89. About the bomb attack on the house of Major Verspyck, member of the war council that condemned Herman Groenendaal. (Dutch)