Saint-Pierre-le-Vif Abbey

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Benedictine Abbey of Saint-Pierre-le-Vif (print in the Monasticon Gallicanum )

The abbey of Saint-Pierre-le-Vif (lat. Abbatia Sancti Petri de Vivo ) was a Benedictine - or Benedictine monastery in Sens ( Yonne ).

history

According to tradition, the Saint-Pierre church was founded in the 3rd century by Saint Savinius von Sens, who - also according to tradition - first archbishop of Sens is certain that at the beginning of the 6th century Theudechild , the daughter of the Frankish king Theuderich I. , who founded the convent of Saint-Pierre-le-Vif. With her death, Theudechild bequeathed a large number of domains to the monastery, so that it quickly became one of the richest in the Archdiocese of Sens .

From around 564 the abbey was under the Benedictine rule . In 999, Saint-Pierre-le-Vif was converted into a male convent. The monastery stood east of the medieval town, around which a village soon developed that became the suburb of Sens. In the centuries of its existence, the abbey has been destroyed, looted or badly damaged at least ten times, be it by fire, Norman or other “barbaric” raids, or by Calvinists during the Huguenot Wars .

The importance of the abbey within the Archdiocese of Sens is also evident from the fact that the new archbishop, including his entourage, lived in the abbey before his inauguration and was then picked up and taken to the cathedral on the day of the ceremony. This process is mentioned as early as the 8th century and was still valid in the 17th century.

From 1534, the abbey - like many other monasteries - was no longer run by regular abbots, but by commendatary abbots who were able to claim the entire income of the monastery personally. 1639 Saint-Pierre-le-Vif took over the reformation of Maurists . On November 1, 1713, Saint-Pierre-le-Vif lost the rank of abbey by royal order; the monastery income no longer benefited the incumbent, but the mission.

The monastery was sold during the revolution . However, the buyer appeared on behalf of Louise Anne de Poupardin d'Amaury, the widow of Paul Charles Marie de Loménie de Brienne. A little later, the abbey was then owned by Étienne Charles de Loménie de Brienne , the former finance minister and current archbishop of Sens and cardinal. He intended to take up his residence in the monastery and had an apartment furnished in the buildings by the architect Pierre-François-Léonard Fontaine in 1791 , but could no longer benefit significantly from the renovation, as he was arrested at the end of 1793 and in prison at the beginning of 1794 died.

The church was later demolished, only the (underground) crypt from the 9th century remained. However, the relics had already been brought to the church of Saint-Pierre-le-Rond by two monks during the time of the terror and were thus saved. It was not until 50 years later, in 1843, that they were transferred to the Cathedral of Sens .

The monastery was reopened on May 15, 1837 as a branch of Notre-Dame de la Charité du Bon-Pasteur d'Angers. It was now simply called the "Couvent du Bon Pasteur" and dealt with juvenile offenders until July 15, 1921. After that, the buildings were used by the city administration.

Works from the abbey

  • Chronique de Saint-Pierre-le-Vif de Sens, dite de Clarius. Chronicon Sancti Petri Vivi Senonensis, ed. by Robert Henri Bautier and Monique Gilles, 1979
  • Geoffroy de Courlon, Le livre des reliques de l'abbaye de de Saint-Pierre-le-Vif de Sens, ed. by Gustave Julliot and Maurice Prou, 1887

Regular abbots

The list of abbots of Saint-Pierre-le-Vif follows the chronicle of the abbey and was therefore drawn up from memory, especially for the first centuries, and is therefore uncertain and incomplete.

  • 1 - early 7th century - Amalbert
  • 2 - late 7th century - 704? - Aigylène
  • 3 - 704-709? - Ebbo († around 740/750), Count von Tonnerre , probably Archbishop of Sens in 709 as the successor to his uncle Goéric
  • 4 - early 8th century - Crodolin
  • 5 - 8th century - Viraibod
  • 6 - around 800 - Berthemare
  • 7 -? –828 - Frodebert
  • 8-829-831 - Albert
  • 9-831-848 - anastasis
  • 10-848-866 - Didon
  • 11 - 866? –871? - Aquila
  • 12 - 871? - 882? - Francon
  • 13 - 882? –920? - Aiglon
  • 14-920? -940 - Samson
  • 15 - around 940 - Eudes , Abbot of Cluny († 942)
  • 16-940? -945 - Arigaud
  • 17 - Daghelin
  • 18 - Arghengère
  • 19 - Otbert
  • 20 - 957-974 - emergency run
  • 21 - 979-1015 - Rainard, uncle of Thierry Bishop of Orléans (1016-1021)
  • 22 - 1015–1025 - Jugon (Ingon), 1014–1026 Abbot of Saint-Germain-des-Prés , cousin of King Robert II.
  • 23 - 1025-1046 - Ermenalde
  • 24-1046-1079 - Gerbert
  • 25-1079-1085 - Haimon
  • 26-1085-1096 - Hermuin
  • 27 - 1096–1124 - Arnaud, was captured by Pierre Adhémar, Seigneur de Miremont in 1105 and imprisoned at Ventadour Castle when he traveled to Saint-Pierre de Mauriac Abbey, dependent on Saint-Pierre , to appoint a new abbot; Pierre Adhémar de Miremont intended to enforce rights over Mauriac that he was not entitled to.
  • 28-1124-1147 - Herbert; A complaint from Abbot Herbert von Saint-Pierre-le-Vif was the trigger that King Louis VII began in 1147 to suppress the local constitution of Sens, which had existed since 1146. Herbert was killed in an uprising by the citizens against it.
  • 29-1147-1167 Girard
  • 30-1167-1180 - Eudes
  • 31-1182-1202 - Gauthier de Naud
  • 32-1202-1210 - Helie
  • 33 - 1210 – around 1215 - Huldère
  • 34 - 1215? - 1221 - Hugues l'Éventé
  • 35-1221-1239 - Robert
  • 36-1239-1240 - Thomas
  • 37 - 1240–1282 - Geoffroy de Montigny-Laucourt (or de Courlon after his mother), the author of the abbey's reliquary book (see under literature)
  • 38 - 1282-1288 - Simon Pierre de Charlieu
  • 39 - 1288-1310 - Jacques de Champigny
  • 40-1310-1324 - Jean de Tricherac
  • 41-1324-1338 - Jean de Paris
  • 42-1338-1351 - Felix de Rigny-le-Ferron
  • 43-1351-1358 - Jean de Joigny
  • 44-1358-1365 - Louis de Coms
  • 45- 1365-1385 - Jean Séguin
  • 46-1375-1390 - Eudes de Montaigu
  • 47-1390-1400 - Robert de Laval
  • 48-1400-1422 - Pierre d'Angers
  • 49 - 1422-1436 - Dreux de Montaudier
  • 50 - 1437-1439 - Michel de la Souterraine
  • 51-1439-1450 - Guillaume Quatrain
  • 52-1450-1470 - Olivier Chapperon
  • 53-1470-1490 - Jean le Maître
  • 54-1491-1511 - Guillaume Chignart
  • 55-1511-1523 - Jean Bardeau
  • 56 - 1523-1534 - Sébastien Tenarre

Commendati abbots

Other personalities

  • Paternus († around 726), monk in von Saint-Pierre-le-Vif, martyr and saint
  • Léotherie, Sister Ebbos, saint and nun in Saint-Pierre-le-Vif
  • Archambaud de Troyes († 967), Archbishop of Sens in 958, buried in Saint-Pierre-le-Vif
  • Ludwig von Niederlothringen (975/980 – around 1023), son of Duke Karl von Niederlothringen , died in Saint-Pierre-le-Vif on the way back from a pilgrimage to Mont Saint-Michel . He left his villa in Ariscourt to the abbey
  • Odorannus von Sens (around 985 – around 1046), monk in Saint-Pierre-le-Vif, chronicler and musicologist , stonemason and goldsmith
  • Dietrich (Thierry), Bishop of Orléans from around 1016 to 1021, was educated at Saint-Pierre-le-Vif when his uncle Rainard was abbot.

literature

  • Abbé Henri Bouvier, Histoire de l'abbaye de saint-Pierre-le-Vif de Sens, 1891, 214 p. Online (PDF; 9.1 MB)
  • Honoré Fisquet , La France ponticale (Gallia christiana), Métropole de Sens, Sens-et-Auxerre, 1865, pp. 201-202

Remarks

  1. ↑ In the reports on the martyr Savinius there is talk of a vicus Saint-Pierre (Fisquet)
  2. ↑ Fisquet specifically mentions the year 507 and explains the name le-Vif from a change in the term vicus
  3. ↑ Rue Saint-Pierre-le-Vif is still located here today
  4. ↑ A plan and a drawing of the abbey can be found at Bouvier
  5. ↑ Château de Miremont in Chalvignac ( Cantal department )
  6. ↑ Château de Ventadour in Moustier-Ventadour ( Corrèze department )
  7. ^ Christian Settipani , La préhistoire des Capétiens, 1993, p. 339.
  8. ↑ Ariscourt has not yet been located