Philippe Hurault de Cheverny

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Philippe Hurault de Cheverny, anonymous, 17th century, Galerie des illustres, Beauregard Castle

Philippe Hurault , Comte de Cheverny (born March 25, 1528 in Cheverny , † July 30, 1599 there) was a French magistrate of the 16th century. From 1578 he was keeper of the seal of France ( Garde des sceaux de France ), and from 1583 to 1588 and from 1590 to 1599 Chancellor of France .

At the accession to the throne of Henry III. he was considered a kind of head of government . Under the following government, despite his political ties to the Holy League , he allied himself with Henrich IV , who kept him in his office as Chancellor.

Life

Philippe Hurault de Cheverny.
Portrait of Thierry Bellangé , Pau Castle , 17th century.

Philippe Hurault was the seventh child of Raoult Hurault, Seigneur de Cheverny and Contrôleur des finances of King Francis I , and Marie de Beaune, daughter of Jacques de Beaune , Baron de Semblançay ; according to the wishes of his father, who died a few weeks after his birth during the seventh Italian war (1527–1529), he was intended for a career in the church. He had the support of his cousin Étienne Poncher, Archbishop of Tours , as well as his uncles Jacques Hurault de Cheverny , Bishop of Autun , and Philippe Hurault, Abbot of Marmoutier . But after her death, he decided to work towards a military career (he accompanied Henry II on his campaign against Emperor Charles V in 1552 ), which he later rededicated to a political one.

In 1552 he became Commendatarabb of the Abbey of Saint-Pierre-le-Vif (which he remained until 1564), and counselor in the Parlement de Paris, when he acquired the office of Michel de L'Hospital , and in 1562 Maître des requêtes . In 1569 he witnessed the Battle of Jarnac and the Battle of Moncontour . Henry III. appointed him in 1578 to keep the seal and chancellor of the Ordre du Saint-Esprit , in 1582 to lieutenant-général des Orléanais and the Pays Chartrain , and in 1583 as chancellor.

After the Journée des barricades (1588) , due to his ties to the League, he fell out of favor and withdrew from court. Henry IV called him back in August 1590 and gave him the office of Chancellor again, which he held until his death.

Philippe Hurault de Cheverny is the author of Mémoires that span the years 1567 to 1599. The author Robert Garnier (1544-1590), whom Hurault had known since at least 1574, dedicated his love drama Bradamante (1582) to him.

family

Philippe Hurault married Anne de Thou (1550–1584) after he had given up his ecclesiastical benefits and received dispensation from Rome in 1566 . Anne de Thou was the daughter of Christophe de Thou, Premier Président du Parlement, the historian and statesman Jacques-Auguste de Thou was his brother-in-law. The couple had seven children:

  • Henri Hurault, † young, Seigneur d'Esclimont
  • Henri Hurault, * 1575, † 1648, Comte de Cheverny, builder of today 's Cheverny Castle ; ∞ (1) Françoise Chabot-Charny, daughter of Léonor Chabot, Comte de Charny, Grand Horse Master of France
  • Philippe Hurault , * 1579, † 1620, 1599 Bishop of Chartres
  • Louis Hurault, † 1639, Comte de Limours ; ∞ (1) Isabelle d'Escoubleau de Sourdis, daughter of François d'Escoubleau and Isabeau Babou de La Bourdaisière (see below); ∞ (2) Claire de Bridiers
  • Marguerite Hurault, † 1614; ∞ (1) Gui de Laval-Montmorency , Marquis de Nesle, Comte de Joigny ; ∞ (2) Anne d'Anglure, Seigneur de Givry; ∞ Armand Le Dangereux, Seigneur de Beaupui
  • Anne Hurault, † 1635; ∞ (1) Gilbert de La Trémoille, Marquis de Royan; ∞ (2) Charles, Marquis de Rostaing
  • Catherine Hurault, * 1583, † 1615; ∞ (1) Virginal d'Escoubleau, Marquis d'Alluyes, son of François d'Escoubleau and Isabeau Babou de La Bourdaisière (see below); ∞ (2) Antoine d'Aumont, Marquis de Nolay, son of Jean VI. d'Aumont

He had two more children from an illegitimate relationship:

  • Raoul Hurault, Abbot of Saint-Nicolas
  • Marie Hurault ∞ Raymond de Fontebride, Seigneur de Sane

He is also said to have a relationship with Isabeau Babou de La Bourdaisiére, the daughter of Jean Babou and wife of François d'Escoubleau. She was the sister of Françoise Babou de La Bourdaisière , the wife of Antoine IV. D'Estrées , who left Isabeau her children (with the exception of the youngest, Julienne Hippolyte), including Gabrielle the Elder, during her flight to Issoire (1589–1592) 'Estrées , who became Henry IV's mistress in 1592.

Real estate ownership

The Hurault family had owned Cheverny Castle for several generations , but Philippe Hurault had to repurchase it from Diane de Poitiers after it was confiscated by the King . The domain became a vice-county and in 1582 a county. He also owned an apartment east of Paris in the La Roquette area, and around 1587 bought the Auneau estate (near Chartres) from Henri de Joyeuse , which he ceded to François d'Escoubleau, Isabeau's husband.

literature

  • Dictionnaire universel d'histoire et de geographie Bouillet Chassang ( wikisource )
  • Alexandre Petitot (ed.), Collection complète des mémoires relatifs à l'Histoire de France , Volume 36, Mémoire de messire Philippe Hurault, comte de Cheverny , Paris 1823

Web link

Remarks

  1. Today's Rue de la Roquette in the 11th arrondissement connects the Place de la Bastille with the Père Lachaise cemetery and is therefore in the immediate vicinity of the former royal palace, Hôtel Saint-Paul