Henri de Joyeuse

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Henri de Joyeuse

Henri de Joyeuse (September or October 1563 in Couiza , Département Aude , † September 28, 1608 in Rivoli ) was a French Capuchin , Marshal of France in 1596 and a military leader in the Huguenot Wars . He was named Comte de Batarnay, then Comte du Bouchage, and in 1592 finally followed his brother Antoine Scipion as Duke of Joyeuse , who was associated with the rank of Peer of France .

Life

Henri was the third son of Marshal Guillaume de Joyeuse . His brothers included Anne de Joyeuse , Admiral of France , and Cardinal François de Joyeuse , Archbishop of Toulouse . He belonged to the inner circle around King Heinrich III. of France , was Maître de la garde-robe from 1583 and governor of Anjou , Maine , Touraine and Perche from 1585 . He fought against the Huguenots in Languedoc and in the Guienne . After the death of his wife Cathérine de La Valette, the sister of the Duke of Épernon , on August 8, 1587, he asked for his departure and entered a Parisian Capuchin monastery as "Père Ange" (Brother Angelus). He was ordained a priest the following year and studied theology in Venice and Schwyz . In 1592 he was prior in Arles .

When his younger brother Antoine-Scipion drowned in the Battle of Villemur in 1592, political conditions and the desire of his brother François, the parliament and the Pope forced him to end monastic life and take over the leadership of the army. As the fourth Duke of Joyeuse, Pope Clement VIII released him from his capuchin vows and handed him over to the Order of Malta , which enabled him to fight. Henri became one of the military leaders of the Catholic League until the conversion of Henry IV. In 1596 he appointed him general governor in Languedoc and marshal of France .

The following year he married his daughter Henriette-Catherine (1585-1656) with Henri de Bourbon , the future Duke of Montpensier , and returned on March 8, 1599 to the monastery of the Capuchins on Rue Saint-Honoré in Paris. He was provincial superior twice (1602 to 1604 and 1607 to 1608). In 1608 he went to Rome to take part in the general chapter of his order, which elected him general definitor. On the way back to France he fell ill with a fever and died in Rivoli . He is buried in the church of the Capuchin Convention in Paris on rue Saint-Honoré.

literature

  • Louis de Gonzague: Le Père Ange de Joyeuse. Brother mineur capucin, maréchal de France (1563–1608). Librairie Saint-François, Paris 1928.
  • Pierre de Vaissière: Messieurs de Joyeuse (1560-1615). Portraits et documents inédits. Michel, Paris 1926.
  • Frances A. Yates : The French academies of the sixteenth century (= Studies of the Warburg Institute. 15, ISSN  0083-7199 ). Warburg Institute, London 1947, (Reprint. Routledge, London et al. 1988, ISBN 0-415-00221-4 ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Pierre de Vaissière: Messieurs de Joyeuse. 1926.
  2. ^ Frances A. Yates: The French academies of the sixteenth century. 1947, p. 160.
  3. ↑ Ronald G. Asch : European nobility in the early modern times. An introduction (= UTB . 3086). Böhlau, Cologne et al. 2008, ISBN 978-3-412-20069-5 , p. 180.
  4. ↑ Pierre de Vaissière: Messieurs de Joyeuse. 1926.

Web links

Commons : House of Joyeuse  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Joyeuse, Henri de
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French Capuchin, Marshal of France, military leader in the Huguenot Wars and Duke of Joyeuse
DATE OF BIRTH September 1563 or October 1563
PLACE OF BIRTH Couiza
DATE OF DEATH September 28, 1608
Place of death Rivoli