Anne de Joyeuse
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Anne de Joyeuse , just called Joyeuse for short , (* 1560 in Joyeuse Castle near Couiza ; † October 20, 1587 in the Battle of Coutras , Gironde) was Baron von Arques , Vice Count and later Duke of Joyeuse and from 1582 to 1587 Admiral of France . He was one of the mignons of the French King Henry III.
family
Anne de Joyeuse was the eldest son of Guillaume de Joyeuse and Marie de Batarnay (1539–1595). After studying at the Collège de Toulouse, he attended the Collège de Navarre in Paris from August 1572 , where he heard lectures from Théodore Marsile (1548-1617) and George Critton (1555-1611). He had two younger brothers: Henri de Joyeuse , Count von Bouchage and the Cardinal François de Joyeuse , Archbishop of Narbonne .
Life
From 1577 he accompanied his father on the campaigns against the Huguenots in Languedoc and in Auvergne . In 1579 he was given command of an orderly company of the king and became governor of Mont-Saint-Michel . A year later he took part in the siege of La Fère . His mother was that;
On September 24, 1581, he married in Saint-Germain-l'Auxerrois Marguerite de Vaudémont-Lorraine (1564-1625), daughter of Nicolas de Lorraine , Duke of Mercœur , and Joan of Savoy, a half-sister of Queen Louise de Lorraine-Vaudémont . The couple received 300,000 écu as a wedding gift from the king . In August the Vice-County of Joyeuse was elevated to a duchy and a peerage , which was connected with a privilege over the other dukes and pairs with the exception of the princes of the blood . The king also gave him the rule of Limours. On October 15, 1581, on the occasion of this wedding, the five-hour ballet comique de la reine was performed in the Louvre in Paris .
On June 1, 1582, Anne was made Admiral of France and on December 31, she was accepted as a knight in the Order of the Holy Spirit . On February 24, 1583 he became governor of Normandy , a year later of Le Havre . In the same year he received after the death of François-Hercules de Valois-Angoulême the governorship of the Duchy of Alençon , his brother that of the Duchy of Anjou .
Anne de Joyeuse commanded a campaign against the Protestants in Poitou , during which he lost the king's benevolence through a massacre of 800 Huguenots in La Mothe-Saint-Héray on June 21, 1587 (called the Massacre of Saint-Eloi ). After a frosty reception at the court, he believed he was escaping royal disfavor by joining the troops fighting Henry of Navarre . On October 20, 1587, he attacked Protestant troops at the Battle of Coutras . His infantry and cavalry were defeated, Anne de Joyeuse was recognized, captured and killed by a pistol shot. Among the 2,000 Catholic dead in the battle was his younger brother Claude de Joyeuse, Seigneur de Saint-Sauveur.
Anne de Joyeuse's tomb is in Montrésor , Indre-et-Loire .
literature
- Pierre de Vaissière: Messieurs de Joyeuse (1560-1615). Portraits et documents inédits. Michel, Paris 1926.
- Nicolas Le Roux: La Faveur du roi. Mignons et courtisans au temps des derniers Valois . Champ Vallon, Seyssel 2001, ISBN 2-87673-311-0 (vers 1547 - vers 1589).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Genealogy of Anne de Joyeuse
- ↑ Genealogy of the father
- ↑ Pierre de Vaissière: Messieurs de Joyeuse (1560-1615). Albin Michel, Paris 1926
- ↑ after the death of her first husband, she married François de Luxembourg († 1613) in 1599.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Joyeuse, Anne de |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Baron of Arques, Vice Count and Duke of Joyeuse |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1560 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Joyeuse Castle |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 20, 1587 |
| Place of death | at Coutras |