Acanthistius

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Acanthistius
Acanthistius ocellatus

Acanthistius ocellatus

Systematics
Spinefish (Acanthopterygii)
Perch relatives (Percomorphaceae)
Order : Perch-like (Perciformes)
Family : Sawfish (Serranidae)
Subfamily : Anthias (Anthiadinae)
Genre : Acanthistius
Scientific name
Acanthistius
Gill , 1862

Acanthistius is a genus of perch-like (Perciformes) that occurs in temperate seas on the coasts of southern Africa, southern Australia, New Zealand and southern South America.

features

Acanthistius species are 14 to 60 cm long and have a typical beefy perch shape with a dorsal fin divided by a small indentation into a hard and a soft section. It is supported by 11 to 13 spines and 13 to 18 segmented and branched fin rays. The anal fin has three spines and 7 to 9 segmented and branched fin rays. The caudal fin is indented and is supported by 15 branched fin rays. Most of the 15 to 21 rays of the pectoral fins are branched. The scales are small comb scales and are mostly embedded in the skin on the head, chest and stomach. 48 to 67 scales run along the full sideline . The mouth is terminal and reaches under the eyes. Both jaws are the same length. The premaxillary can be easily extended. The jaws are covered with an outer row of larger, curved fangs and inner rows of teeth with small, slender teeth. The palate is also toothed. The tongue is smooth. The preoperculum is sawed on the edge and has two to three larger spines on the lower edge. The gill cover has three sharp spines of which the upper and lower are mostly covered with skin. The number of Branchiostegal rays is seven. The lower branch of the first gill arch carries 13 to 16 gill rakes, of which 4 to 8 are only rudimentary. The number of vertebrae is 26 (10 trunk and 16 tail vertebrae or 11 trunk and 15 tail vertebrae).

Systematics

The genus Acanthistius was introduced in 1864 by the American ichthyologist Theodore Nicholas Gill . In 1890 Jordan and Eigenmann placed Acanthistius in the subfamily of the grouper (Epinephelinae). In the early 1980s the genus was the authentics Sägebarschen assigned (Serraninae), and since 1986, due to the morphological features anthias (Anthiinae). Acanthistius species, however, have more hard rays in the dorsal fin (11-13) than other perch and several studies on the systematics of different groups of perch have shown that the genus Acanthistius is outside of the perch.

Acanthistius cinctus
Acanthistius sebastoides

species

The genus Acanthistius currently has eleven species:

supporting documents

  1. ↑ Acanthistius joanae on Fishbase.org (English)
  2. ↑ Acanthistius brasilianus on Fishbase.org (English)
  3. ^ Margaret M. Smith, Phillip C. Heemstra: Smiths' Sea Fishes. Southern Book Publishers, 1999, ISBN 978-3642828607 , page 510.
  4. ↑ Phillip C. Heemstra, 2010. Taxonomic review of the perciform fish genus Acanthistius from the east coast of southern Africa, with description of a new species and designation of a neotype for Serranus sebastoides Castelnau, 1861. Zootaxa (2352): 59-68 February 2010, DOI: 10.11646 / zootaxa.2352.1.4
  5. ^ Matthew Thomas Craig, Philip Hastings: A molecular phylogeny of the groupers of the subfamily Epinephelinae (Serranidae) with a revised classification of the Epinephelini. Ichthyological Research 54 (1): 1-17 February 2007, DOI: 10.1007 / s10228-006-0367-x
  6. ↑ Thomas J. Near, Alex Dornburg, Kristen L. Kuhn, Joseph T. Eastman, Jillian N. Pennington, Tomaso Patarnello, Lorenzo Zane, Daniel A. Fernández & Christopher D. Jones: Ancient climate change, antifreeze, and the evolutionary diversification of Antarctic fishes PNAS, February 28, 2012, vol. 109 no.9, doi: 10.1073 / pnas.1115169109
  7. ^ Thomas J. Near, A. Dornburg, RI Eytan, BP Keck, WL Smith, KL Kuhn, JA Moore, SA Price, FT Burbrink, M. Friedman & PC Wainwright. 2013. Phylogeny and tempo of diversification in the superradiation of spiny-rayed fishes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 101: 12738-21743. doi: 10.1073 / pnas.1304661110 , PDF
  8. ↑ Acanthistius on Fishbase.org (English)