Acid Violet 9

Structural formula
General
Surname	Acid Violet 9
other names	Sodium 4 - ({9- (2-carboxyphenyl) -6 - [(2-methylphenyl) amino] -3 H -xanthene-3-ylidene} amino) -3-methylbenzenesulfonate ( IUPAC ) ; CI 45190; Violamine R; Fast Acid Violet R; Fast Acid Violet AAR;
Molecular formula	C 34 H 25 N 2 NaO 6 S
External identifiers / databases
EC number	228-377-9
ECHA InfoCard	100,025,798
PubChem	23675338
ChemSpider	21172308
Wikidata	Q27269297
properties
Molar mass	612.6 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
solubility	2 g · l −1 in ethanol , insoluble in vegetable oils.
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances	no GHS pictograms
	no GHS pictograms
H and P phrases	H: no H-phrases
	P: no P-phrases
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

CI Acid Violet 9 is an acid dye from the group of xanthene and triphenylmethane dyes . It is a light-sensitive, acid-labile chemical compound that dissolves in water with a purple color.

Manufacturing

Acid Violet 9 ( 5 ) is synthesized by reacting phthalic anhydride ( 1 ) with resorcinol ( 2 ) in the presence of phosphorus oxychloride to give dichlorofluoroanlactone ( 3 ). The reaction of this intermediate stage with o -toluidine ( 4 ) at 220 ° C in the presence of anhydrous zinc chloride and subsequent sulfonation with sulfuric acid (monohydrate) at 20 ° C gives the end product:

Synthesis of CI Acid Violet 9

use

Acid Violet 9 was used as a stamping ink for food and food packaging, as well as for coloring and painting eggshells. Acid Violet 9 is no longer approved for this use since the implementation of EU Directive 94/36 / EC through the Additive Approval Ordinance (ZZulV).

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c Entry on real acid violet R. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on November 6, 2019.
↑ Data sheet Violamine R from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on November 6, 2019 ( PDF ).
↑ External identifiers or database links for dichlorofluoroanlactone : CAS number: 630-88-6, EC number: 211-147-7, ECHA InfoCard: 100.010.135 , PubChem : 99508 , Wikidata : Q73892618 .
↑ Ernst Bartholomé (Ed.): Ullmanns Encyklopadie der technischen Chemie . tape 23 : Textile auxiliaries up to vulcanized fiber. Verlag Chemie, Weinheim 1983, ISBN 978-3-527-20023-8 , pp. 413 .
↑ Genuine Acid Violet AAR . In: Jürgen Falbe, Manfred Regitz (Hrsg.): RÖMPP Lexikon Chemie . 10th edition. Volume 2: Cm-G. Thieme Verlag, 1996.
↑ Regulation EU Directive 94/36 / EC on colorings that may be used in food (PDF) , accessed on November 7, 2019.
↑ Regulation (EC) No. 1333/2008 of December 16, 2008 on food additives (PDF) , accessed on October 16, 2018.

[Roempp-1] Entry on real acid violet R. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on November 6, 2019.

[Sigma-2] Data sheet Violamine R from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on November 6, 2019 ( PDF ).

[3] External identifiers or database links for dichlorofluoroanlactone : CAS number: 630-88-6, EC number: 211-147-7, ECHA InfoCard: 100.010.135 , PubChem : 99508 , Wikidata : Q73892618 .

[4] Ernst Bartholomé (Ed.): Ullmanns Encyklopadie der technischen Chemie . tape 23 : Textile auxiliaries up to vulcanized fiber. Verlag Chemie, Weinheim 1983, ISBN 978-3-527-20023-8 , pp. 413 .

[5] Genuine Acid Violet AAR . In: Jürgen Falbe, Manfred Regitz (Hrsg.): RÖMPP Lexikon Chemie . 10th edition. Volume 2: Cm-G. Thieme Verlag, 1996.

[6] Regulation EU Directive 94/36 / EC on colorings that may be used in food (PDF) , accessed on November 7, 2019.

[7] Regulation (EC) No. 1333/2008 of December 16, 2008 on food additives (PDF) , accessed on October 16, 2018.