Adam Lenckhardt

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Cleopatra with the snake, ivory statette, c. 1635, Baltimore, Walters Art Gallery

Adam Lenckhardt (born September 2, 1610 in Würzburg , † March 14, 1661 in Vienna ) was an ivory carver and from 1642 chamber sculptor for Prince Karl Eusebius of Liechtenstein .

resume

Adam Lenckhardt, son of the sculptor Nikolaus Lenckhardt , first apprenticed to his father from 1622 to 1624 and then traveled to Italy in 1632, among other things, in his subsequent journeyman days before coming to Vienna in 1638. The ivory reliefs attributed to him with scenes of the Descent from the Cross or the Assumption of Mary presumably date from his apprenticeship around 1630, which anticipate his later typically realistic and emotionally stirring representation in figures and groups of figures. His first known signed works are the figures of a Madonna with Child and the Boy John, which he created around 1635 and show the Italian influence, as well as the figure of Cleopatra, which uses the forms of baroque Dutch painting.

Adam Lenckhardt developed into one of the most important representatives of baroque ivory carving. He worked as a chamber sculptor for Prince Karl Eusebius von Liechtenstein from 1642 to 1660 and created small sculptures with both secular and ecclesiastical backgrounds for private use.

Work in Vienna

Adam Lenckhardt was active in the heyday of ivory sculpture in Vienna, which under Emperor Leopold I developed into a center of baroque ivory carving from 1640. He created certain small sculptures for the private art chambers of the nobility, these are very detailed and realistic. Together with other contemporary ivory carvings in Vienna, such as the reliefs by the master of the Martyrs of Sebastian, they are the first highlights of this art form in the Baroque era. One of Adam Lenckhardt's main works is the naturalistic representation of the gruesome fate of the satyr Marsyas, which he created between 1642 and 1644 as one of three mythological groups for the Prince of Liechtenstein.

Works (selection)

Adam Lenckhard usually signed his works with the monogram AL. Other works are assigned to him because of their stylistic similarity. In total, around 30 of his works made of ivory and rhinoceros horn have survived, including the following statuettes:

  • Lamentation of Christ (relief), around 1630. Victoria and Albert Museum London Inventory number A.41-1928
  • Lamentation of Christ (relief), 1632. New York Metropolitan Museum
  • Assumption of Mary (relief), 1632. New York Metropolitan Museum inventory number 1923 24.80.88
  • Madonna with Child and Johannesknaben , around 1635. Kunsthistorisches Museum Wien, Spiritual Treasury Inventory number SK_GS_D_211, height 18 centimeters
  • Cleopatra with the snake , around 1635. Baltimore, Walters Art Gallery Inventory number 71,416 Height 24.3 centimeters
  • Satyr and the nymph Corisca , Vienna 1639. Kunsthistorisches Museum Vienna inventory number KK 4564
  • Die Schammlung des Marsyas , Vienna 1644. Bavarian National Museum Munich Inventory number 92/145, height 27.2 centimeters
  • Saint Hieronimus , Vienna around 1638. The Minneapolis Institute of Arts inventory number 57.33, height 26.04 centimeters
  • Descent from the Cross , Vienna 1653. The Cleveland Art Museum inventory number John L. Severance Fund 1967.134, height 44.75 cm
  • Venus and Amor , Vienna around 1640. Würth Kunstkammer Würth Collection Inventory number 3680
  • St. Sebastian , Vienna after 1642. Liechtenstein Museum Vienna
  • St. Sebastian , Vienna after 1642, private property, height 32 centimeters
  • Mercury and Amorknabe , Vienna around 1650. Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden inventory number VII 118, height 21.1 centimeters
  • Pan pursues the nymph Syrinx . National Museums in Berlin - Sculpture Collection Inventory number 7943

literature

  • Adam Lenckhardt . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 23 : Leitenstorfer – Mander . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1929, p. 46-47 .
  • Eugen von Philippovich: Ivory - A manual for collectors u. Lover. Braunschweig 1961.
  • Christian Theuerkauff: The ivory sculptor Adam Lenckhardt. In: Yearbook of the Hamburger Kunstsammlungen 10, 1965, pp. 27–70.
  • Bavarian National Museum, Reinhold Baumstark, Peter Volk (Ed.): Apoll Schindet Marsyas. About the terrible in art. Adam Lenckhardt's ivory group (exhibition catalog). Munich 1995.
  • Maraike Bückling, Sabine Haag (Ed.): Ivory. Baroque splendor at the Viennese court. Catalog for the exhibition in the Liebieghaus, Frankfurt 2011.
  • Tomáš Valeš, Michal Konečný: Umělci a umělečtí řemeslníci ve valtických matrikách 17. a 18. Století (= artists and artisans of the court in the church registers of Valtice ). In: Opuscula historiae artium. 60/1 2011, pp. 50-73.

Web links

Commons : Adam Lenckhardt  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Christian Theuerkauff: The ivory sculptor Adam Lenckhardt. In: Yearbook of the Hamburg Art Collections. 10, 1965, pp. 27-70.
  2. ↑ Tomáš Valeš, Michal Konečný: Umělci a umělečtí řemeslníci ve valtických matrikách 17. a 18. Stoleti. In: Opuscula historiae artium. 60/1 2011, p. 61 (Czech).
  3. ↑ Oxford University Press, Jane Turner (Ed.): The Dictionary of Art . Volume 19, Oxford 2003, pp. 152-153.
  4. ↑ Adam Lenckhardt. In: The Concise Grove Dictionary of Art. Oxford 2002.
  5. ^ Metropolitan Museum of Art (ed.): Europe in the Age of Monarchy. New York 1987, p. 120.
  6. ^ Christian Theuerkauff: The ivory sculptor Adam Lenckhardt. In: Yearbook of the Hamburg Art Collections. 10, pp. 30-31 (1965).
  7. ↑ data sheet - group of figures: The Flaying of Marsyas. In: Bayerisches Nationalmuseum (Ed.): Object database (On-Line, accessed December 2014).
  8. ↑ Christian Theuerkauff: Apoll Schindet Marsyas. About the terrible in art. Adam Lenckhardt's ivory group. (Exhibition catalog). Munich 1995, p. 97 f.
  9. ^ Sotheby's auction house (ed.): Important Old Master Paintings and European Works New York June 8, 2007. New York 2007, auction catalog lot 452
  10. ↑ Liebieghaus Skulpturensammlung (ed.): Wall texts: “Ivory. Baroque splendor at the Viennese court ”. Frankfurt 2011, p. 2.
  11. ^ Sotheby's auction house (ed.): Important Old Master Paintings and European Works New York June 8, 2007 . New York 2007, lot 452.
personal data
SURNAME Lenckhardt, Adam
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German ivory carver
DATE OF BIRTH September 2, 1610
PLACE OF BIRTH Wurzburg
DATE OF DEATH March 14, 1661
Place of death Vienna