Adolf Ludwig Hanckwitz
Adolf Ludwig Hanckwitz (born August 2, 1808 in Berlin ; † April 12, 1869 in Moers ) was a German teacher, gymnast and politician.
Life and education
Adolf Ludwig Hanckwitz was born on August 2, 1808 in Berlin as the son of an accountant at the city court and went to the grammar school in the gray monastery there . At this school, which "gymnastics father" Friedrich Ludwig Jahn had already attended in 1794, his love for gymnastics was awakened.
In his youth he did gymnastics under Jahn on the Hasenheide and there he became an enthusiastic supporter of Jahn's ideas: “ Starting from the Hasenheide near Berlin, under the main direction of Jahn, gymnastics develops with a lively freshness and finds its recognition and appreciation in the patriotic spirit that prevailed in our fatherland before and in the glorious years from 1813 to 1815. Schreiber remembers this with vividness of the time he spent as a boy among the gymnasts of the Hasenheide after the war years. "
After the early death of his father, he and his teacher Dr. Engel went to Duisburg in 1824 , where he attended Landfermann-Gymnasium until his Abitur on April 10, 1829 . The following remark was found on his Abitur certificate: "Performance against teachers and classmates: not without censure for being too sociable, modest against teachers."
He then studied ancient languages, mathematics and history in Berlin . On October 12, 1833, he first came as an assistant teacher at the Adolfinum grammar school in Moers, where, after his exams, he was pro fac. Doc. taught in Bonn from 1835 as the fourth full teacher, then as the third and finally as the second teacher until his death. He lived with his wife and his mother in need of care and had a son. Throughout his life his financial situation was extremely poor and he lived close to the poverty line.
Adolf Ludwig Hanckwitz died at the age of 60. On the occasion of his death, his students and friends erected a memorial for him in the old Moers cemetery on Rheinberger Strasse.
Act as a teacher
Introduction of school gymnastics
In 1837, despite the existing gymnastics ban, he introduced school running at the Adolfinum grammar school. For him, gymnastics represented " such an important aspect of youth education " and the " fight against the disgusting precociousness and pernicious addiction of youth "; It meant the " breaking free of the young person from arbitrariness and irregularity and voluntary submission to law and rule ".
On the basis of school gymnastics, Hanckwitz founded a gymnasium gymnastics club in 1845, his name was "Turner 1845". This name adorned the flag bought by Hanckwitz next to a rising sun. In addition to the gymnastics and swimming lessons, which from the school year 1852/53 were part of the sports training of the students, Hanckwitz undertook numerous excursions and hiking tours in the surrounding area. He also organized exhibition gymnastics and took part in competitions with his gymnasts. Compared to other schools in neighboring cities, gymnastics in Moers was very well developed, which is also confirmed by the judgment of the gymnastics inspector Hans Ferdinand Maßmann (1791–1874), who visited Moers as part of an “inspection trip” and then reported to Berlin: “ Here I find an oasis in the middle of the desert. "
Establishment of a girls' school
While at that time girls were mostly not allowed to attend secondary school, the Protestant pastor Bornemann taught girls at home in Moers from 1826 on in German, French, arithmetic, geography, history, calligraphy, drawing, singing and music. When he died unexpectedly in 1841, however, the girls' schooling was threatened. As a result, in September 1841, three teachers from the Moers grammar school, director Constantin Scotti, teacher Ludwig Rhein and above all Adolf Ludwig Hanckwitz, suggested to the mayor to found a secondary school for girls. Their suggestion was approved and lessons could start just a month later, given by the three teachers on a voluntary basis in their free time. Adolf Ludwig Hanckwitz was particularly committed to the development of the girls 'school, which is why it was first named the "Hanckwitz'sche" in his honor, before the then mayor Friedrich Adolph Vinmann officially set up a girls' school ( lyceum ) and employed teachers in 1844 .
Political and social engagement
Political activities
In the revolutionary year of 1848 , Adolf Ludwig Hanckwitz stood as a candidate for the election of the electors to the National Assembly in the Paulskirche in Frankfurt on May 1, 1848 and was elected with 229 votes. In 1853 and 1854 he was a member of the municipal council, at whose meetings he actively participated.
Foundation of the Moerser Gymnastics Club
When the Lower Rhine-Westphalian District Gymnastics Festival took place in the neighboring town of Krefeld in August 1849 , the enthusiasm and the cheerful atmosphere of the festival were carried by those involved to Moers, so that gymnastics found more fans in the county. On May 21, 1850, 38 gymnasts met under Hanckwitz's leadership and decided to found the Moerser Gymnastics Club on the basis of school gymnastics and the gymnasium gymnastics club . Together they worked out the statutes of the association and submitted them to the mayor Rudolf von Strampff, who on June 11, 1850 sealed the certificate of the association's registration. Hanckwitz was the first chairman and spokesman for the association until his death.
Foundation of the Turner fire department
When the Moers volunteer fire brigade was founded on June 10, 1851 , Adolf Ludwig Hanckwitz initially took over the chairmanship of the second company and later became head of the volunteer fire brigade. In the following years he managed to win his gymnast for membership in the fire department; they joined the fire corps as a whole and from July 1, 1866 formed their own department with its own statutes within the city fire corps. They differed outwardly from the remaining firefighters, they wore white armbands with red hem as a badge on which in memory of the "father of gymnastics" Jahn the Turner characters - four times the F - was printed with the motto "Fresh, Fromm, Up , Free". This was also found on their helmets.
Engagement in the choral society, in the night watch and in the Sparkasse board
In October 1851 Hanckwitz supported his friend and colleague Wilhelm Greef in the plan to found a choral society. Based on the experiences of his own association, he gave him advice on the formalities and organization of an association. From then on, gymnasts and singers were closely linked, often the gymnasts joined the choral society or vice versa and one helped each other, for example with the organization of parties.
When the March revolution in 1848 caused increased unrest in the cities of Moers, the city council decided in its session on March 20 to set up voluntary vigilante groups and put out lists for this purpose. Hanckwitz was one of the first to put himself on these lists; a total of more than 250 citizens of Moers registered. Several guards were set up, Hanckwitz took over the leadership of such a team and patrolled the Moers city center every two weeks. He also made himself available with some of his gymnasts to reinforce the night watch.
In addition to all his activities, Hanckwitz was a member of the Sparkasse administration in 1861.
literature
- Otto Ottsen: The city of Moers in the 19th and 20th centuries with illustrations and plans . In: Geschichte der Stadt Moers , Volume 3, unaltered reprint of the 1950 edition with additional texts by Ms. Laurine Ottsen, Steiger Verlag, Moers 1977
- Margret Wensky (Ed.): Moers, The history of the city from the early days to the present , Volume 2 "From the Prussian time to the present (from 1702)", 1st edition. Böhlau, Cologne - Weimar - Vienna 2000
- Klaus Müller: Moers in Prussian and French times (1702–1815) . Pp. 1-141
- Hermann Burghard: Moers from the Congress of Vienna to the end of the First World War (1818–1918) , pp. 143–312
- Association Former Adolfiner e. V., Moers, Andreas Klein-Reesink (ed.): The Adolfinum high school in Moers from 1815 to 1950 . 1st edition. Brinck, Essen 1992
Web links
- May 21, 1850: Foundation of the Moers gymnastics club. Short biography. In: We are from 1850 - but we are looking to the future! Moerser Turnverein, accessed on December 16, 2015 (club chronicle).
Individual evidence
- ^ Moers mayor's office, death certificate no. 26/1869
- ↑ a b c Adolf Baumert: A longitudinal section through the history of physical exercises . In: 350 Jahre Gymnasium Adolfinum Moers, 1582–1932 , pp. 55–71
- ↑ Letter from Schloer in " About the jubilee celebration of the mortar gymnastics club " reprinted in. Village Chronicles and Grafschafter, Bulletin for the county Moers and the Lower Rhine, No. 51 in the 55th year, June 22, 1900
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Hanckwitz, Adolf Ludwig |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German teacher, gymnast and politician |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 2, 1808 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Berlin |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 12, 1869 |
| Place of death | Moers |