Action grid (Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia)

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The Operation Grid , in Czech akce Mříže , was an extensive arrest operation by the Gestapo immediately after the so-called smashing of the rest of the Czech Republic and the establishment of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia in the spring of 1939. It was aimed generally against all unpopular people, but it was specifically designed to organize the burgeoning ones Weaken resistance .

Five years later, after the failed assassination attempt on Adolf Hitler on July 20, 1944 , there was a wave of arrests of the same name in Germany called Aktion grids .

course

In the wake of the invasion of the Wehrmacht after Bohemia and Moravia on 15 March 1939, the Gestapo and arrived SD in the newly built protectorate that in carrying out the repression on the help of the Sudeten Nazis from the Sudeten German Party to Konrad Henlein could count, which played a particularly important role in this operation; the Czech police, however, were also very active in some cases, and orders were sabotaged only in exceptional cases. This first wave of arrests in the Protectorate was directed against social democrats and communists , anti-fascist and left-wing intellectuals, German emigrants , Jews and officers of the Czechoslovak army . The documents used were various lists that had already been obtained, as well as directories that were confiscated from the local police.

The information on the number of people arrested differs only slightly. The number of those arrested on March 16, 1939 in Bohemia is usually given as around 4,376, for Moravia then inaccurately as 1,500 to 2,000 people, which would amount to around 5,800 to 6,400 people in the area of ​​the Protectorate.

Concrete figures on the regional distribution of arrests are rare. According to a source, the following non-binding overview can be made: Prague 2,490 people, Budweis 343 people, Pilsen 480 people, Kolín 650 people, Pardubice 405 people, Moravia (total) about 2,000 people. For Bohemia this results in 4,368 people, which agrees well with other sources. These are the numbers reported by the task force so that they not only affect the respective city, but also the (not known) surroundings.

Persons who could not be detected with this action were, on 1 September 1939 with the start of the Second World War in the so-called action Albrecht I. arrested. Up to 2,000 people were interned as "hostages" in the Buchenwald concentration camp and partly in the Dachau concentration camp . Later waves of arrests took place on various occasions.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Delivery to Dachau and living conditions in the camp / terror waves , portal haGalil.com, Jüdisches Leben online , online at: www.hagalil.com , accessed on October 23, 2010.
  2. ↑ a b Pravda o letech 1938–1948 v Libochovicích , online at: noviny.libochovice.cz ( memento of the original of July 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Czech, accessed October 23, 2010. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / noviny.libochovice.cz
  3. ↑ a b Rukojmí, contribution of Český svaz bojovníků za svobodu, online at: www.zasvobodu.cz ( Memento of 24 May 2008 at the Internet Archive ), Czech, accessed on 23 October of 2010.
  4. ↑ Dějiny zemí Koruny české v datech, online at: www.libri.cz/databaze , Czech, accessed on October 23, 2010.
  5. ↑ a b Od Mnichova k válce , text accompanying an exhibition, ed. from ÚSTR Prague, online at: www.ustrcr.cz , Czech, accessed on October 23, 2010.
  6. ↑ a b Akce "Grid" v Protektorate, a forum post, online at: www.palba.cz , Czech, accessed on October 23, 2010.
  7. ↑ so in Andrea Löw (edit.): The persecution and murder of European Jews by National Socialist Germany 1933-1945 (source collection) Volume 3: German Empire and Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, September 1939 – September 1941 , Munich 2012, ISBN 978- 3-486-58524-7 , p. 638 passim / Stefanie Schüler-Springorum presents this action under the name Aktion Gewitter : Wolfgang Benz , Barbara Distel (ed.): The place of terror . History of the National Socialist Concentration Camps. Volume 1: The Organization of Terror. CH Beck, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-406-52961-5 , p. 162.

See also