Alda Bandeira
Alda Bandeira Tavares Vaz da Conceição (born September 22, 1949 in Santana , São Tomé and Príncipe ) is a Santana politician of the Partido de Convergência Democrática-Grupo de Reflexão (PCD-GR). She is one of the best-known politicians since democratization. From 1991 to 1992 and again in 2002 she was Foreign Minister of São Tomé and Príncipe. In 1996 she ran unsuccessfully for the office of president .
Life
Youth and education
Alda Bandeira was born on September 22nd, 1949 in the small town of Santana on the island of São Tomé of the São Tomé and Príncipe archipelago, which at that time still belonged to Portugal . Her father worked as a nurse in the local hospital. Bandeira completed school education in São Tomé and Luanda (Angola). After finishing school, she studied German philology at the University of Lisbon .
In the course of the Portuguese Carnation Revolution , Bandeira rose to become one of the best-known representatives of the student Associação Cívica Pró-Movimento de Libertação de São Tomé e Príncipe , an association that promoted the independence of São Tomé and Príncipes from the colonial power of Portugal under the leadership of the Movimento de Libertação de São Tomé e Príncipe (MLSTP) entered. While the Portugal-based Associação Cívica represented very radical, Marxist-influenced ideas, the MLSTP was much more moderate. Bandeira was forced to leave São Tomé e Príncipe and went into exile in the also previously Portuguese colony of Mozambique . There she attended the Eduardo Mondlane University in Maputo and studied modern languages from 1975 to 1977.
Bandeira then moved back to Lisbon, where she completed her Masters in Modern Languages and Literature and then, until 1987, completed a post-graduate degree in International Relations at the Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas . Between 1975 and 1982 she also taught English at secondary schools in Maputo and São Tomé. In 1987 Bandeira returned permanently to her home country and until 1990 headed the department for multinational cooperation in the foreign ministry of the island state. At the same time, she headed the US African Development Foundation's development program between 1988 and 1990 .
Political career
In the course of the democratization of São Tomé and Príncipe, Alda Bandeira and nine other supporters founded the first opposition group to the MLSTP, which has ruled since 1975, the Grupo de Reflexão (GR). In the course of the introduction of the multi-party system in the island state, the Grupo de Reflexão changed into the main opposition party with the new name Partido de Convergência Democrática-Grupo de Reflexão (PCD-GR). Bandeira became a member of the party's executive committee. Other members of the student Associação Cívica , who were critical of the long ruling MLSTP, also took on key roles in the new party.
In the first democratic parliamentary elections in São Tomé e Príncipe in 1991 , the PCD-GR won a large majority of around 54 percent, and Bandeira then took over the deputy chairmanship of the PCD-GR faction in the 55-member parliament. From 1991 to 1992 she headed the Ministry of Foreign Affairs under the government of Prime Minister Daniel Lima dos Santos Daio , while her husband, Norberto d'Alva Costa Alegre , headed the Ministry of Economic Affairs. After Daio's resignation as prime minister, Bandeira's husband Costa Alegre took over the business of government. In order to avoid possible conflicts, she withdrew from the government and took over her seat in parliament. From 1993 to 1995 she headed the government's social and structural adjustment program.
After the early elections in October 1994 , Bandeira again took over the chairmanship of the Partido de Convergência Democrática-Grupo de Reflexão, which had lost massive votes in the course of the elections and had only 14 seats instead of 34. At the second party congress of the PCD-GR, the members elected her unopposed as the new chairman of the party. In the elections for the office of president in 1996, Alda Bandeira applied for the PCD-GR and was the only one of the five candidates to have an extensive election program. In the first ballot on June 30, 1996, it won 16 percent of the vote after incumbent Miguel Trovoada from the Acção Democrática Independente (41 percent) and the former President Manuel Pinto da Costa from the Movimento de Libertação de São Tomé e Príncipe (39 percent ) took third place, while former Prime Minister Carlos da Graça came fourth as an independent candidate with 5 percent. In the parliamentary elections in 1998 and 2002 , she defended her mandate as a member of the parliament of the island state.
Withdrawal from politics
In June 2001, Bandeira resigned as chairwoman of the PCD-GR after internal party conflicts about possible support in the course of the 2001 presidential elections . In 2002 she took over the post of Foreign Minister in the government of Gabriel Arcanjo da Costa , which only lasted until September of the same year. In January 2008, the government established the Institute for Maritime and Port Management ( Instituto Marítimo e de Administracão Portuaria ), which Bandeira has headed ever since.
Private
Bandeira is married to Norberto d'Alva Costa Alegre and has two daughters with him.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g Gerhard Seibert: Bandeira, Alda . In: Emmanuel K. Akyeampong and Henry Louis Gates, Jr (Eds.): Dictionary of African Biography . tape 1 . Oxford Press, Oxford 2012, ISBN 978-0-19-538207-5 , pp. 370-373 .
- ↑ São Tomé and Príncipe: June 30, 1996
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Bandeira, Alda |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Bandeira Tavares Vaz da Conceição, Alda (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | santomesian politician |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 22, 1949 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Santana , Sao Tome and Principe |