Alexei Yevgrafovich Faworsky

Alexei Faworski

Alexey Favorsky ( Russian Алексей Евграфович Фаворский * February 20 ^{. Jul} / 3. March  1860 ^greg. In Pavlovo , government Nizhny Novgorod , † 8. August 1945 in Leningrad ) was a Russian chemist.

Life

Faworski comes from a priestly family and received his high school education in Nizhny Novgorod and Vologda . Between 1878 and 1882 he studied at the physical-mathematical faculty of the Imperial University of St. Petersburg . Then Faworski got a job in the chemical laboratory of the university with Alexander Michailowitsch Butlerow , where he already worked during his studies.

In 1883 he went to the First St. Petersburg Real School as a laboratory assistant and also continued his work in the university chemical laboratory. From 1886 he was a laboratory assistant at the technical laboratory of the Petersburg University. After his dissertation for a master's degree in chemistry in 1891, Faworski was given a teaching position as a private lecturer in analytical chemistry at the physics-mathematics faculty.

In 1895 Faworski submitted his dissertation for Dr. of chemistry before and from the following year he worked as a professor at the chair for production engineering and technical chemistry. In 1897 he recognized the laws of the intramolecular rearrangement of α-halocarbonyl compounds, which bears his name as the Faworski rearrangement .

From 1897 to 1908 he worked at the same time at the Chemical-Technological Institute in St. Petersburg and at the Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, which he co-founded and of which he was director from 1934 to 1938. Between 1900 and 1905 Faworski developed a new method for the synthesis of alkynyl alcohols , which became known as the Faworski reaction .

From 1901 he also worked as editor of the journal of the Russian Physico-Chemical Society.

Faworski published a series of scientific papers on the isometric conversion of unsaturated hydrocarbons in the journal of the Russian Physico-Chemical Society, some of which were also published in German and for which the Russian Physico-Chemical Society awarded him the "NN Sokolow Prize".

In 1939, Faworski developed a new method for the synthesis of isoprene starting from ethyne and acetone via 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol and 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol . In 1941 Faworski received the Stalin Prize for introducing a process for the industrial production of isoprene rubber .

His students included Sergei Wassiljewitsch Lebedew , Wladimir Nikolajewitsch Ipatjew and Michail Alexandrowitsch Porai-Koschiz .

Publications

• Al. Faworsky: Isomerization phenomena of the hydrocarbons C _n H _{2n −2} . First treatise. Isomerization of monosubstituted acetylenes when heated with a spiritually alcoholic solution . In: Journal for Practical Chemistry . tape 37 , no. 1 , 1888, p. 382-395 , doi : 10.1002 / prac.18880370133 . Original: Al. Faworsky: Изомеризация однозамещенных ацетиленов при нагревании со спиртовой щелочью . In: Journal of the Russian Physico-Chemical Society . tape XIX .
• Al. Faworsky: Isomerization phenomena of the hydrocarbons C _n H _{2n −2} . Second treatise. Isomerization of bisubstituted acetylenes and dimethylallene under the action of metallic sodium and synthesis of acetylenecarboxylic acids . In: Journal for Practical Chemistry . tape 37 , no. 1 , 1888, p. 417-431 , doi : 10.1002 / prac.18880370138 . Original: Al. Faworsky: Изомеризация двузамещенных ацетиленов и диметилаллена под влиянием металлического натрического натрического натричетикого натриятитикер натриятитико натриятитикер натриятитикер натриятитикер снатрического натриятитикер . In: Journal of the Russian Physico-Chemical Society . tape XIX .
• Al. Faworsky: Isomerization phenomena of the hydrocarbons C _n H _{2n −2} . Third treatise. Action of alcoholic alkali on allylene . In: Journal for Practical Chemistry . tape 37 , no. 1 , 1888, p. 531-536 , doi : 10.1002 / prac.18880370147 . Original: Al. Faworsky: Действие спиртовой щелочи на аллилен . In: Journal of the Russian Physico-Chemical Society . tape XX .

• Effect of metallic sodium on ethyl propyl acetylene (Действие металлического натрия на этил-пропилацетилен), Journal of the Russian Physico-Chemical Society, Issue XX

• Al. Faworsky: About dimethylacetylene and its tetrabromide . In: Journal for Practical Chemistry . tape 42 , no. 1 , 1890, p. 143-149 , doi : 10.1002 / prac.18900420112 . Original: Al. Faworsky: О диметилацетилене и его тетрабромюре . In: Journal of the Russian Physico-Chemical Society . tape XXII .

• Al. Faworsky: On geometric isomerism of the bromine derivatives of pseudobutylene . In: Journal for Practical Chemistry . tape 42 , no. 1 , 1890, p. 149-155 , doi : 10.1002 / prac.18900420113 . Original: Al. Faworsky: О геометрической изомерии бромопроизводных псевдобутилена . In: Journal of the Russian Physico-Chemical Society . tape XXII .

• The effect of alcoholic alkalis on allene and diethylenic hydrocarbons (Действие спиртовой щелочи на аллен и диэтиленовые углеводороды), Journal of the Russian Physico-Chemical Society XXIII, German publication in the "Journal für Practische Chemie", issue 44

• Faworski / Krassuski : The Effect of Alcoholic Lyes on Dipropargile (Действие спиртовой щелочи на дипропаргиль), Booklet XXIII; German publication in the "Journal für Practische Chemie", issue 44

• Al. Faworsky: About isomerization phenomena in the ranks of the carbonyl compounds of chlorinated alcohols and halide-substituted oxides of ethylene hydrocarbons . In: Journal for Practical Chemistry . tape 51 , no. 1 , 1895, p. 533-563 , doi : 10.1002 / prac.18950510149 . Original: Al. Faworsky: Исследование изомерных превращений в рядах карбонильных соединений, охлоренных спиртом идонильных соединений, охлоренных спиртом идозалыхиорем идонильных . In: Journal of the Russian Physico-Chemical Society . tape XXVI .

Web links

• Faworski on the official website of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Russian)
• Article in the encyclopedia krugosvet (Russian)