Alfred Lottermoser

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Alfred Lottermoser (born July 17, 1870 in Dresden , † April 27, 1945 in Schellerhau ) was a German chemist , known for his work on colloid chemistry .

After graduating from high school, Lottermoser studied at the Gymnasium zum Heiligen Kreuz Dresden from 1889 in Geneva , at the TH Dresden and chemistry in Leipzig with Wilhelm Ostwald and Johannes Wislicenus, and again at the TH Dresden with Walther Hempel , Fritz Foerster and Ernst von Meyer . In 1896 he received his doctorate in Leipzig ( on the knowledge of the effect of sodium on aromatic nitriles ). In 1896 he became Ernst von Meyer's lecture assistant at the TH Dresden and in 1900 he completed his habilitation in Stuttgart ( on inorganic colloids ), from 1903 he was assistant and then senior assistant to Fritz Foerster and head of the electrochemical internship, from 1922 until his retirement in 1937, associate professor for Colloid chemistry at the TH Dresden and from 1923 director of the Institute for Colloid Chemistry, the first such institute in Germany. He experienced the destruction of his institute in the bombing raids on Dresden in 1945 and died shortly before the end of the war in the Ore Mountains. In November 1933 he signed the German professors' confession of Adolf Hitler .

At the suggestion of Ernst von Meyer, he dealt with colloidal silver (originally produced by Matthew Carey Lea ), which was used in Leipzig by the gynecologist Carl Siegmund Franz Credé, for example, against gonorrhea eye damage in newborns (Credé's son put the colloidal silver in his factory). Lottermoser published about it with Ernst von Meyer in 1897 - they found that the addition of proteins prevents the precipitation of silver by electrolytes and they thus discovered their effect as protective colloids.

He then studied the conditions for the formation of colloids from metal salts and the effect of foreign ions on colloid solutions. In 1939 he researched the freezing out of aluminum hydroxide brines and found that the presence of foreign ions keep the process reversible, while the hydroxides precipitate without the ions. In 1924 he was able to separate absorbed chloride ions in colloidal hydroxides by ultrafiltration .

Lottermoser worked closely with industry, which enabled him to found and expand his institute. He experimented with aluminum hydroxide as a carrier material for the chromatography of fission products of proteins and dealt with many areas of application of colloid chemistry (tannery, dyeing, pulp industry, detergent production, clay minerals, diaphragms, electrolysis, sugar, etc.).

In 1927 he received the Laura R. Leonard Prize of the Colloid Society . In 1939 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina . He was a co-founder of the Kolloid-Gesellschaft, deputy chairman and, after the death of Wolfgang Ostwald in 1943, chairman. In 1941 he became an honorary member of the Colloid Society.

Fonts

  • About inorganic colloids, 1901
  • Brief introduction to colloid chemistry 1944

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ The TH Dresden received the right to award doctorates only in 1899.
  2. ↑ The first professor of colloid chemistry in Germany was Wolfgang Ostwald , the son of Wilhelm Ostwald, in the same year as Lottermoser.
personal data
SURNAME Lottermoser, Alfred
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German chemist
DATE OF BIRTH July 17, 1870
PLACE OF BIRTH Dresden
DATE OF DEATH April 27, 1945
Place of death Schellerhau