Allogromiida

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Allogromiida
Systematics
without rank: Diaphoreticks
without rank: Sar
without rank: Rhizaria
without rank: Retaria
without rank: Foraminifera (Foraminifera)
Order : Allogromiida
Scientific name
Allogromiida
Loeblich & Tappan , 1961

The Allogromiida are an order of mostly shell-bearing, marine or freshwater unicellular organisms from the group of foraminifera . It contains many species that differ significantly from the usual picture of a foraminifera.

Features and way of life

As far as there are housings, they are mostly single-chambered, rarely agglutinated from found particles, very rarely housings are missing entirely. They have a wall made of organic material that the animals secrete. The housings are small, have one or more housing openings, and may have a ferrous crust on the surface.

The order shows a high ecological diversity. Although they are mainly found in seas, there are also around fifty species that are native to freshwater (e.g. Reticulomyxa filosa ) and a very small number of terrestrially proven species ( Edaphoallogromia australica , Allogromia fluviatilis ).

Systematics

Since the systematics of the foraminifera is based on housing-morphological characteristics, almost all soft-shelled, single-chambered taxa fall into this group, regardless of their evolutionary relationship. It consists of only four families with a total of 56 genera, including the extinct Maylisoriidae. In addition, individual taxa are put in order, but without being assigned to a family ( Reticulomyxa ). The order has been fossilized since the Upper Cambrian.

Molecular genetic studies contradict the independence of the order; phylogenetically, the species contained form a common group with the Astrorhizida .

proof

  1. ↑ John J. Lee, Jan Pawlowski, Jean-Pierre Debenay, John Whittaker, Fred Banner, Andrew J. Gooday, Ole Tendal, John Haynes, Walter W. Faber: Class Foraminifera In: John J. Lee, GF Leedale, P. Bradbury (Ed.): An Illustrated Guide to the Protozoa . tape 2 . Allen, Lawrence 2000, ISBN 1-891276-23-9 , pp. 885 .
  2. ↑ Barun K. Sen Gupta: Systematics of modern Foraminifera , In: Barun K. Sen Gupta (Ed.): Modern Foraminifera . Springer Netherlands (Kluwer Academic), 2002, ISBN 978-1-4020-0598-5 , pp. 23 .
  3. ↑ Klaus Hausmann, Norbert Hülsmann, Renate Radek: Protistology , 3rd edition, Schweizerbart, 2003, p. 131, ISBN 3-510-65208-8
  4. ↑ Jan Pawlowski, Maria Holzmann, Cedric Berney, Jose Fahrni, Tomas Cedhagen, Samuel S. Bowser: Phylogeny Of Allogromiid Foraminifera Inferred From SSU RRna Gene Sequences In: Journal of Foraminiferal Research, v. 32, no. 4, p. 334-343, October 2002
  5. ^ Alfred R. Loeblich, Jr., Helen Tappan: Foraminiferal genera and their classification , E-Book des Geological Survey Of Iran , 2005, Online
  6. ↑ Jérome Flakowski, Ignacio Bolivar, José Fahrni, Jan Pawlowski: Actin Phylogeny Of Foraminifera In: Journal of Foraminiferal Research, Volume 35, No. 2, pp. 93-102, 2005