Old Ratsapotheke (Lüneburg)
| Alte Ratsapotheke Alte Raths-Apotheke |
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|---|---|
 View from the corner of Apothekenstrasse and Grosse Bäckerstrasse |
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| Data | |
| place | Luneburg |
| builder | Charcoal burner |
| Construction year | until 1598 |
| Coordinates | 53 ° 14 '55.9 " N , 10 ° 24' 30.7" E |
| particularities | |
| multiple remodeling | |
The Alte Ratsapotheke (original spelling Raths-Apotheke ) is a pharmacy in the historic center of the Hanseatic city of Lüneburg . The current building was completed in 1598 after extensive renovation work, it replaced a previous building from earlier centuries and is now a listed building .
history
In 1475, the City Council of Lüneburg under its mayor Dietrich von Dassel bought an existing pharmacy at Grosse Bäckerstraße 5 and named it Raths-Apotheke in the spelling of the time.
Almost 50 years later, the facility was moved to Große Bäckerstraße 9 and reopened in 1524. There the pharmacy served the residents for more than 70 years. But with the growing prosperity of the citizens through the salt trade, the building had to be given a more magnificent appearance, for which the previous Gothic building was heavily rebuilt under the direction of the Rath pharmacist Ulricus Luthmer. The local stonemason and master mason Köhler were responsible for the design and execution .
After the new Raths-Apotheke (also called Pestapotheke) was established in the street Auf dem Meere in 1700, the name Alte Raths-Apotheke became natural for the building described here and was noted above the entrance and on the side of the building.
The portal, which looks more like Art Nouveau, was restored in 1988/1989 after extensive investigations and was given back its original color.
The entire interior of the building has been rebuilt many times over the years, with the original basic structures being retained. These include (again uncovered) ceiling paintings from the 16th century with portraits of well-known doctors such as Andreas Vesalius , Conrad Gessner and Valerius Cordus as well as historical floors and the room layout.
The two-room attic served as a herb chamber for many years and is largely in its original state, also with a painting.
In the wood-paneled sales room, the historic pharmacy shelves and chests of drawers with carved fronts and metal fittings have been preserved and continue to be used.
The pharmacy complex extends from Apothekenstrasse around the corner to Grosse Bäckerstrasse and, in addition to the commercial building, includes a living area and a southern extension that served as an event venue.
architecture
The exhibition facade , which was erected in 1598, is characterized by the Renaissance- style portal and the stepped nine-part stepped gable . Four rows of window arcades made of dew stones , quarter-circle shaped stones and cornices form a clear horizontal structure of the gable triangle. The non-decorated brick wall surfaces are painted with a light, dark red-brown plaster paint.
Under the triangular gable is the Latin inscription NEQUE HERBA NEQUE MALAGMA SANAVIT EOS SED TUUS DOMINE SERMO QUI SANAT OMNIA, the 12th verse of the 16th chapter of the wisdom of Solomon : "Herbs and plasters did not heal them, but your word, Lord, who heals everything. ”The translation is from Martin Luther .
The brightly painted, semi-sculptural sandstone portal is two floors high and is structured as follows (from top to bottom): writing field, frieze with the city coat of arms held by two lions , architrave , round arch with gusset fields and on both sides of the round arch two figures with pharmacy vessels based on Hermes and animals. These representations are closely related to pharmacist work, the female figure with dog is labeled Olfactus , the figure with the monkey on his lap stands for Gustus . Three angel heads are symmetrically incorporated into the arch.
To the left and right of the entrance two life-size people grow out of stylized lower bodies - a man on the left and a woman on the right - each with a larger, closed vessel in front of the body. The lower end of the portal is formed by two base stones with images of hedgehogs in cartouches .
In the round arch segment there is an epigram that contains a reference in Latin to the origins of the council pharmacy as well as a contemporary advertisement for medicinal herbs , but also for the power of the Christian faith.
The recessed entrance to the main room can be reached via two steps, the barrel vault is illuminated by a wrought iron chandelier.
Groin vaults in the basement area dissipate the load of the structure.
literature
- Dietrich Arends, Erika Hickel, Wolfgang Schneider: The warehouse of a medieval pharmacy - Ratsapotheke Lüneburg , on www.amazon.de, Deutscher Apotheker-Verlag, 1960.
Web links
- Homepage of the Ratsapotheke
- Timeline to the council pharmacy
- A visit to the Old Lüneburg Ratsapotheke . In: Deutsche Apothekerzeitung , No. 29, 2010.
- The secret herb chamber , broadcast by NDR on January 16, 2016, from the series Nordtour .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Timeline , accessed on January 2, 2017.
- ^ History of the pharmacy portal , accessed on January 2, 2017.
- ↑ a b c History of the Ratsapotheke , accessed on January 2, 2017.
- ↑ Interior view of the pharmacy sales room, (estimated) around 1910 , accessed on January 2, 2017.
- ↑ To the epigram on the portal of the Ratsapotheke , accessed on January 2, 2017.