American New York class
 The Sea-Land Atlantic
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The ships of the American New York class , also known as Econships , were built from 1984 onwards and were a class of container ships operated by the US shipping company United States Lines (USL). The series, also known as Daewoo Dozen (German: Daewoo Dutzend ) during construction, were the largest container ships worldwide and also the largest ships the shipping company ever used. Later, at Sea-Land, they became the Sea-Land-Atlantik class .
history
description
The design came from the New York marine engineering firm CR Cushing & Company and was optimized by Germanischer Lloyd . The series was built and delivered from 1984 by the South Korean shipyard Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering . The ships are among the Panamax container ships and have a capacity of 2300 TEU (loaded containers with a weight of 14 tons each), or 4614 TEU in real spaces. The ships have holds equipped with cell guides, which are closed with pontoon hatch covers without a seal. The superstructures are arranged almost completely aft and have individual chambers for the rather small crew of 21 men. The construction of the ships was based on the then fundamentally new philosophy of building relatively slow, but particularly economical (daily consumption about 73.7 tons of heavy fuel oil), easy-to-maintain Panmax ships with the largest possible loading capacity. Therefore, unusually for a new size record holder in this segment, the two-stroke main diesel engines of the Hyundai / Sulzer 7RLB90 type were not the most powerful diesel engines on the market at the time, but economizers were installed to increase efficiency. The energy supply was ensured by three 1000 kW diesel generators and a 300 kW emergency diesel. The machine system is designed for guard-free operation.
Other unusual or even new solutions were the use of food containers instead of conventional cold rooms, or the installation of a data recording system.
Use in the round-the-world service of the USL
After the simultaneous christening of the ships American New York , American New Jersey , American Maine and American Alabama on May 31, 1984, the ships started sailing in early summer of that year. The ships were used on the newly established 48-day eastbound round-the-world service of the USL, which was supposed to ensure weekly departures from all ports approached. Against the background of the high burden of financing the 570 million US dollar construction contract (at the time the most expensive shipbuilding contract ever), a rapidly established competitor service from the shipping company Evergreen Marine from Taiwan, falling freight rates and increasing speeds of the competitor's fleets as well as moderate fuel prices the ships could not exploit their conceptual advantages. On 24 November 1986, about two years after the maiden voyage of the type ship and not long after delivery of the last of the twelve ships the United States Lines filed for bankruptcy.
Later use and whereabouts
1988 took over the Sea-Land Service , the twelve ships each built for about 47.5 million US dollars to 13 million dollars per unit from the bankrupt, sold a part of the ships on and divided the other after a name change as Atlantic class in their services.
Three of the ships, the Galveston Bay (ex American Kentucky ), Sea-Land Value (ex American Maine ) and Raleigh Bay (ex American New Jersey ) arrived at the Hamburg shipyard Blohm + Voss in 1994 for an interesting conversion instead of the otherwise frequent one As an extension, the ships were shortened by three container bays, provided with an aerodynamically improved foredeck and their propulsion system converted into a "father and son" system in order to increase their speed of service. In 2004 Sea-Land was taken over by Maersk Line , whereupon the ships continued to operate under the old name under the Maersk-Sealand flag.
Between 2009 and 2011, Maersk sold nine units of the class for scrapping in China. Two of the ships, the former American Nebraska and American Utah , were converted and served from 2001 as auxiliary ships SSG Edward A. Carter Jr. and LTC John UD Page of the Military Sealift Command of the US Navy. One last ship, the MSC Tia (ex American Maine ), remained in commercial service until it was demolished in September 2012.
In 2015 and 2016, the SSG Edward A. Carter Jr. and the LTC John UD Page at the Military Sealift Command were replaced by two Cap-San- class ships and also scrapped.
The ships
| Econships | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ship name | Build number | IMO number | delivery | Client | Later names and whereabouts |
| American New York | 4001 | 8212611 | June 1984 | USL | Catherine K , Nedlloyd Holland , Sea-Land Florida , 2009 demolition in Changjiang (China) |
| American New Jersey | 4002 | 8212623 | 1984 | USL | Elizabeth L , Raleigh Bay , 1994 abbreviated, Sea-Land Motivator , from April 15, 2009 demolition in China |
| American Maine | 4003 | 8212635 | 20th September 1984 | USL | 1987 Kim D , 1994 shortened, Sea-Land Value , 2007 MSC Tia , scrapped in Alang from September 8, 2012 |
| American Alabama | 4004 | 8212647 | 1984 | USL | 1987 Leyla A , 1988 Sea-Land Achiever , 1994 Galveston Bay , 2000 Sea-Land Achiever , from June 27, 2009 demolition in China |
| American Virginia | 4005 | 8212659 | 1st December 1984 | USL | Jaqueline J , Virginia , Sea-Land Integrity , demolished in China from May 14, 2011 |
| American Kentucky | 4006 | 8212661 | 1984 | USL | Mary Ann , Galveston Bay , 1994 abbreviated, Sea-Land Pride , 2009 demolition in Changjiang |
| American Nebraska | 4007 | 8212673 | April 1, 1985 | USL | 1988 Nedlloyd Hudson , 1993 OOCL Innovation , 2000 Sea-Land Oregon , 2001 SSG Edward A. Carter Jr. , scrapped in Aliağa in 2016. |
| American Oklahoma | 4008 | 8212685 | 1985 | USL | Karen H , Sea-Land Atlantic , 2009 demolition in Changjiang |
| American Illinois | 4009 | 8212697 | 1985 | USL | Patricia M , Sea-Land Quality , 2009 demolition in China |
| American California | 4010 | 8212702 | 1985 | USL | Marguerite , CGM Ile de France , OOCL Inspiration , Sea-Land Commitment , 2009 demolition in Changjiang |
| American Utah | 4011 | 8212714 | September 1, 1985 | USL | 1987 Irene D , 1988 Utah , 1988 Newark Bay , 2000 LTC John UD Page , Page , 2015 demolition in Aliağa |
| American Washington | 4012 | 8212726 | September 1, 1985 | USL | Ruth W , Sea-Land Performance , 2010 Demolition in China |
literature
- Cudahy, Brian J .: Box boats . How container ships changed the world. Fordham University press, New York 2006, ISBN 0-8232-2568-2 .
- Witthöft, Hans Jürgen: Container . A box makes a revolution. Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft, Hamburg 2000, ISBN 3-7822-0777-7 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Register at containership-info ( memento of the original from October 18, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English)
