Amitostigma tetralobum
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Amitostigma tetralobum is a plant from the genus amitostigma within the family of the Orchid Family (Orchidaceae). It occurs only in the People's Republic of China and is called there 滇 蜀 无 柱 兰 = dian shu wu zhu lan.
description
Vegetative characteristics
Amitostigma simplex is a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 7 to 26 centimeters and grows terrestrially . With a length of 10 to 15 millimeters and a diameter of 5 to 10 millimeters, it forms elongated, almost spherical tubers. The slender, smooth stem has two tubular leaf sheaths near its base and above it a single, basal leaf that is halfway up the stem . The simple, leaf blade is elongated-lanceolate with a pointed upper end with a length of 2 to 8 centimeters and a width of 3 to 8 millimeters.
Generative characteristics
The flowering period in China extends from June to August. The inflorescence stem on a leafless or rarely provided with a foliage- like bract contains three to more than ten flowers on a 1–3.5 cm long inflorescence axis at loose to almost close intervals. With a length of 3 to 6 millimeters, the lanceolate cover sheet with a pointed upper end is usually shorter than the ovary.
The flower stalk and ovary is 6 to 9 mm long. The hermaphrodite flower is zygomorphic and threefold. The bracts are light pink to pale purple in color and dotted purple to the middle of the lip. The upper, upright sepal is 2.5 to 3.3 millimeters long and about 2.0 millimeters wide, oblong-ovate, concave with a blunt upper end. The two lateral, spread out or bent back sepals are egg-shaped and slightly sloping with a length of 3 to 4 millimeters and a width of about 1.8 millimeters. The petals are loosely connected to the lateral sepals and form a cap. The petals are 2.8 to 3.5 millimeters long and about 2 millimeters wide and egg-shaped with a blunt upper end. The lip, which is three-lobed up to its middle, has a length of 4.5 to 6, rarely up to 8 millimeters and a width of 3.5 to 4 millimeters, in outline rhombic-obovate with a blunt upper end. The two side lobes are oblong, obovate, with a length of 2 to 3.5 millimeters and a width of 1.6 to 2 millimeters. The middle lobe is 2.5 to 4 millimeters long and about 2 millimeters wide, oblong, obovate, with a tapering base and a blunt-truncated or rarely edged to slightly notched upper end, forming two small lobes. The more or less downward pointing, slightly inwardly curved spur is cylindrical with a length of 3.5 to 6 millimeters and widens towards the upper, blunt end. The scar lobes are club-shaped.
Occurrence and endangerment
The natural range of Amitostigma tetralobum is in southern China. The species thrives on stony soils in forests and on grassy slopes in southwestern Sichuan and southwestern and western Yunnan at altitudes between 1500 and 2700 meters.
Amitostigma tetralobum applies according to the Red List of IUCN as endangered ( " endangered "). Amitostigma tetralobum is listed in CITES Appendix II to avoid trade worldwide.
Taxonomy
It was first described in 1901 under the name ( Basionym ) Peristylus tetralobus Finet by Achille Eugène Finet in Revue Générale de Botanique , Volume 13, p. 524, Plate 13 (B). The new combination to Amitostigma tetralobum was published in 1919 by Rudolf Schlechter in Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis , Beihefte 4, p. 95. More synonyms for Amitostigma tetralobum (Finet) Schltr. are: Amitostigma yunnanense Schltr. , Orchis tetraloba (Finet) Schltr. , Orchis tetraloba var. Yunnanensis (Schltr.) Soó and Ponerorchis tetraloba (Finet) XHJin, Schuit. & WTJin .
literature
- Xinqi Chen, Zhanhe Ji, Yibo Luo: 中国 野生 兰科 植物 彩色 图鉴 . Elsevier, Peking / New York 1999, ISBN 7-03-006963-3 , p. 13.
- Xinqi Chen, Stephan W. Gale, Phillip J. Cribb: Amitostigma : Amitostigma tetralobum. In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China. Volume 25: Orchidaceae. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 2009, ISBN 978-1-930723-90-0 , p. 128. (Description and Occurrence Sections)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Xinqi Chen, Stephan W. Gale, Phillip J. Cribb: Amitostigma tetralobum. In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China. Volume 25: Orchidaceae. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 2009, ISBN 978-1-930723-90-0 , p. 128.
- ↑ a b amitostigma tetralobum in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2013. Posted by: China Plant Specialist Group, 2004. Accessed August 4, 2013.
- ↑ a b Amitostigma tetralobum at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed August 4, 2013.
- ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Amitostigma tetralobum. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved April 4, 2020.