Anatoly Arkadyevich Blagonrawov

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Anatoli Blagonravov ( Russian Анатолий Аркадьевич Благонравов ., Scientific transliteration : Anatoly Arkad'evic Blagonravov ; born May 20, jul. / 1. June  1894 greg. In Ankowo , Vladimir province , † 4. February 1975 in Moscow ) was a Soviet military scientists and space expert .

Life

Blagonrawow finished in 1916 a four-year course at the State Polytechnic University of St. Petersburg and a crash course at the Mikhailov Artillery School. He took part in the First World War and on the side of the Bolsheviks in the Russian Civil War.

In 1924 he graduated from the artillery college and in 1929 the artillery faculty of the Soviet military-technical academy, where he then stayed as a teacher and of which he was president from 1946 to 1950. In 1938 he founded the first chair for infantry and small arms . In 1943 he was accepted as a full member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR . From 1953 he was director of the Institute for Machine Science and at the same time chairman of the commission for the exploration and use of space at the Soviet Academy of Sciences. From 1959 he was Vice President of the Committee on Space Research .

Blagonrawow campaigned for international cooperation in space travel during the Cold War and was instrumental in bringing about the Apollo-Soyuz test project , the rendezvous of an American Apollo and a Soviet Soyuz spacecraft on July 17, 1975 .

He had the military rank of lieutenant general .

Space Congress 1960

His activities at the COSPAR space congress in Nice at the beginning of 1960 were an example of Blagonrawow's efforts towards international cooperation . In contrast to the information policy of the Soviet Union , which was very cautious at the time , he gave precise details on the plans for a new series of satellites to investigate the effect of cosmic rays on organisms . He also gave a forecast of other Russian lunar probes and a Venus probe that is currently in development .

Honors

Blagonrawow was honored with numerous state Soviet awards and medals. He was awarded the Order of Lenin five times . In 1941 he received the Stalin Prize , in 1960 the Lenin Prize , each in the field of technology.

literature

  • Heinz Mielke: transpress lexicon space travel . 5th edition, transpress, Berlin 1978, p. 61
  • Anatolij A. Blagonrawow , Internationales Biographisches Archiv 13/1975 of March 17, 1975, in the Munzinger archive ( beginning of article freely available)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Albert Ducrocq : Man in the universe. The second stage of development of spacecraft . Rowohlt-Taschenbuch 175/176, Hamburg 1963, pp. 18-20.
personal data
SURNAME Blagonrawow, Anatoly Arkadyevich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Blagonravov, Anatoly Arkad'evic; Благонравов, Анатолий Аркадьевич (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Soviet military scientist and space expert
DATE OF BIRTH June 1, 1894
PLACE OF BIRTH Ankowo , Vladimir Governorate , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH 4th February 1975
Place of death Moscow